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Register a new userEffects of Non-steroidal Anti-inflammatory Drugs on Gastric Mucosa in Rat: Comparison Between Non-Selective and Selective Cox-2 Inhibitors
تأثيرات مضادات الالتهاب غير الستيرويدية في مخاطية المعدة في الجرذان: مقارنة بين الأدوية المثبطة اللاانتقائية لعمل أنزيم الكوكس 2 و تلك المثبطة انتقائياً لعمل هذا الأنزيم
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نعمة حسوني مهدي الجبوري( باحث )
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مضادات الالتهابات-غير الستيرويدية كانت و لا تزال من الأدوية الأكثر استعمالاً على نطاق العالم: فهي تستعمل كمضادات التهابية و مضادات آلام و خافضات حرارة. إلا أن أثارها الجانبية الضارة، و بصورة خاصة تلك التي تصيب المعدة و الأمعاء، جعلت كثيراً من الأطباء حذرين في استعمالها لعلاج حالات التهابات المفاصل المزمنة. على الرغم من أن هذه الأدوية تشكل مجموعة غير متجانسة من المركبات الكيميائية، إلا أن آلية عملها واحدة، و هي قابليتها لتثبيط عمل مادة البروستوكلاندين الموجودة في مخاطية المعدة من خلال تثبيط أنزيم السيكلواوكسي جنيز. إن البروستوكلاندين المفرز من مخاطية المعدة يؤدي دوراً حاسماً في حمايته من التأثيرات الضارة للحمض المعدي و الببسين.
Non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drugs (NSAID) have long been, and still, an essential group of drugs having anti-inflammatory, antipyretic, and analgesic effects. The significant gastro-intestinal toxicity associated with their use in treatment of chronic arthritis remains of great concern in clinical applications. The central pathogenic mechanism in NSAID-induced gastro-duodenal toxicity lies in their ability to inhibit the synthesis of prostaglandins by gastric mucosa through inhibition of cyclooxygenase enzyme (Cox). There are two isoforms of Cox enzyme: Cox-1 and Cox-2. The gastro-protective effects of prostaglandins are mediated by Cox- 1, while the inflammatory effects are mediated by Cox-2. NSAID lead to inhibition of synthesis of prostaglandins, resulting in toxic effects on gastric mucosa and beneficial anti-inflammatory effects.
References used
Carson JI, Willet LR: Toxicity of NSAID: An overview of the epidemiological evidence. J Drugs 46(suppl.):243-248, 1993
Gabriel SE, Jaak L, and Bombardier C: Risk of serious gastrointestinal complications related to NSAID. N Engl. J. Med 303: 136-138. 1980
Wolf MM: NSAID and gastric mucosa. N Engl. J. Med.15: 37-48, 1996
rate research
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The purpose of this article is how to determine simultaneously the content of
some Anti-Inflammatory (NSAIDS):, Ketoprofen, Flurbiprofen, Orphenadrine
Citrate (Muscle relaxant( and Clopidogrel Bisulfate (Anti-thrombocytopenia( in
pure and pharmace
utical formulations by Reverse Phase-High performance liquid
chromatography (RP-HPLC).
Background& Objective: This research is carried out to investigate the Anti-inflammatory activity of the alcoholic extract of flower buds of Crataegus laevigata in experimentally-induced arthritis in rats.
Materials & Methods: the inflammation was i
nduced experimentally by Carrageenan, the standard material that causes non-immune acute inflammation. The size of edema was measured before and after the inducing the inflammation, in control group as well as in group treated by extract and by Diclofenac.
The measurements persist until the 4th hour following the injection of Carrageenan. In another set of experiment, the important biomarker, TNF-α, was calibrated in inflammation-induced groups of rats that received extract or Diclofenac and compared with control.
Results: The extract significantly reduced the size of edema compared with control and this effect was not less than that of Diclofenac, the standard anti-inflammatory drug. Indeed, the extract lowered the values of TNF-α.
Conclusion: The Crataegus laevigata has clear anti-inflammatony effect , but it should be further investigated.
This research studies the notion of non-equivalence in translation
between English and Arabic. It displays the main issues translators
face when translating, like cultural restraints and linguistic barriers.
It also suggests a number of strategies
that help in dealing with
non-equivalence, including paraphrasing, omission, and cultural
substitution.
The aim of this study was to compare between two ways of mechanical ventilation,
invasive & non invasive, and study the results (morbidity – mortality – complications)
Rat collagen II – induced arthritis is a model of chronic
inflammation induced by Mycobacterium butyricum and collagen II. It is
characterized by similar pathophysiological and pathobiochemical changes
as rheumatoid arthritis (RA) in humans. In th
e present study, the
biochemical and histopathological effects of vitamin E, allopurinol (Allo),
on RA of rats were investigated. The oxidative stress indices and
prostaglandin E were evaluated.
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