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Register a new userEvaluation of the Water Status in Syria by Applying the Virtual Water Concept in Agricultural Sector
تقييم الوضع المائي في سورية من خلال تطبيق مبدأ المياه الافتراضية في القطاع الزراعي
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Damascus University ورقة بحثية
Publication date
2011
fields
Civil Engineering
and research's language is
العربية
Authors
كفاح محمد حسيان( باحث )
Created by
Shamra Editor
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تعد مشكلة المياه العذبة من أكثر المشكلات التي تواجه سورية، لأن مواردها المائية محدودة و ذات نسبة نمو سكاني عالية ( %2,52 ). و في هذا البحث سلط الضوء على مبدأ المياه الافتراضية، و درِست إمكانية الاستفادة منه في القطاع الزراعي، و حسِب الميزان المائي في سورية بطريقة أكثر دقة، من خلال حساب حجم المياه الافتراضية بالنسبة إلى معظم المحاصيل الزراعية التي تزرع في سورية، و حسبتِ البصمة المائية الكلية و مؤشراتها. عرِض احتمالان لإعادة توزيع التركيب المحصولي في سورية، بحيث يحقق استخداماً ذا كفاءة أعلى للمياه و عائداً اقتصادياً أفضل، فضلاً عن تخفيض قيمة الفجوة الغذائية باستخدام نموذج رياضي. و من نتائج البحث أنه لم يغطِ الاحتياج الغذائي بشكل كامل نظراً إلى محدودية الموارد المائية، و لكن غُطِّي معظمها و حفظت قيمة الفجوة الغذائية في الاحتمال الأول من 10950 مليون ليرة سورية إلى 9850 مليون ليرة سورية، و في الاحتمال الثاني إلى 5100 مليون ليرة سورية، و ذلك بسبب تحسين الإنتاجية، و زيادة الإنتاج لبعض المحاصيل (القمح و الذرة) و هي أساسية في الميزان الغذائي.
Fresh water is considered as a top priority concern that captures Syria because of limited water resources and high rate population growth (2.52%). This paper focuses on virtual water concept and studies the possibility of utilization it in agricultural sector, and calculate the water balance of Syria accurately. The virtual water volume was calculated for most of the crops that are planted in Syria and the total water footprint and its indicators were calculated. A mathematical optimization model is developed for the selection of the cropping patterns distribution in Syria that use water with higher efficiency and better economic income, and minimize the food gap by offering two scenarios. As a findings of this research, the food demand was not covered completely but mostly because of water shortage, and the food gap value was decreased in the first scenario from 10950 million Syrian pounds to 9850 million Syrian pounds and to 5100 million Syrian pounds in the second scenario because of the productivity improvement of some crops and the increase in the production of some crops (wheat, maize) which are the main crops in food balance.
References used
Hofwegan, P.V., "Virtual Water- Conscious Choices", World Water Council, December, 2003
Allen R. G., Pereira Luis S., Raes, D. and Smith M., "Crop Evapotranspiration", Guidelines for computing crop water requirements - FAO Irrigation and drainage paper 56, Food and Agriculture Organization of the United Nations, Rome, Italy, 1998
AOAD, "Arab Agricultural Statistics, Yearbook", volume 22 Yearbook, Arab Organization for Agricultural Development, Agricultural Information, Documentation and Statistics Center, Khartoum, 2002
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