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Register a new userThe Contemporary Attitudes in the Spatial Formation for the Residential Urban Fabric and Applied Solutions in Lattakia City
الاتجاهات المعاصرة في التشكيل الفراغي للنسيج العمراني السكني و الحلول المطبقة في مدينة اللاذقية
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رمزي الشيخ( باحث )
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يلقي البحث الضوء على التطبيقات التخطيطية المعاصرة في تشكيل النسيج العمراني للمناطق السكنية بشكل عام و التكوين الفراغي لهذا النسيج بشكل خاص، و ذلك وفقاً لهيكلية تخطيطية تعتمد على تصنيف هذه الفراغات استناداً إلى نوع و وظيفة كل فراغ و إبراز شخصيته المتميزة. يركز البحث على دراسة التدرج المقياسي للفراغات المتشكلة ضمن النسيج العمراني السكني بحسب وظائفها و التي تبدأ من الأفنية الخارجية المحاطة بالأبنية السكنية التي يختلف تكوينها من فراغ مفتوح إلى فراغ مغلق، وفقاً للظروف المناخية السائدة مروراً بفراغات شوارع السيارات و طرق المشاة التي تمتلك ميزة الديناميكية و الحيوية من خلال تعددية وظائفها و استعمالاتها و تغيير بنيتها التصميمية، و تشكل الفراغات المحيطة بالأبنية العامة و الخدمية نقاطاً تكوينية مميزة خاصة عندما تتكامل معمارياً و حجمياً مع كتل الأبنية المجاورة لها. إن تشكيل الصورة الجمالية – البصرية للفراغات في النسيج العمراني السكني و آلية الإدراك البصري باحتواء الفراغ مقسماً الفراغات العمرانية إلى ثلاثة أنواع رئيسية و من ثم مناقشة العلاقة بين أشكال و أحجام و ألوان المباني المشكلة للفراغ و الإحساس البصري بتجانس و اتساع الفراغ. ينتقل البحث إلى دراسة عينات مختلفة من النسيج العمراني السكني لمدينة اللاذقية و التكوين الفراغي له و ذلك من خلال إجراء تصنيف عام للفراغات العمرانية المشكلة لهذا التكوين وفقاً لنوع وظيفة كل منها، و من ثم استنتاج سلبيات و إيجابيات الحل التخطيطي المعتمد و محاولة الوقوف على الأسباب التي أدت إلى وجود الجوانب السلبية ليتم تفاديها في الحلول المستقبلية.
The Study focuses on the contemporary planning applications in shaping the urban structure of the residential areas in general and the spatial formation in particular, according to a schematic structure that depends on classification of these spaces by kind, function of these special formation and their distinguished characteristics. The study focuses on the gradual scales of the formed spaces within the urban residential structure according to their functions, starting with the external courtyards surrounded by residential buildings whose construction in open space differs from the one in closed space, according to the predominant climatic conditions, then we move to the spaces of motorcar streets and pedestrians roads that have the dynamic and vitality characteristic by the multiplicity of uses, the functions, and the changes of its design structure. Spaces surrounding the public and service buildings form some special distinctive structural points especially when they complement each other with the surrounding buildings in architecture and volume. The formation of aesthetic-visual image in the urban spaces and the visual recognition mechanism divides the urban spaces into three principal types and discusses the relationship between shapes, volumes and colors of the building that form the space and visual sensation with the homogeneity and extension of space. Then the research studies various samples of the urban residential structure of Lattakia city and the spatial formation by performing general classifications of the urban spaces forming this structure according to the type and function of each. Then, we conclude the advantages and disadvantages of the schematic solution and understand the reasons of the negative aspect to be avoided in future.
References used
Admczewska, H; Zadrozna, R. Tychy W Architekturze _Lecia. Towrzystwo Przyjacil Ziemi Tyskiej Poland, pp 29, 1986
Candilis, G; Josic, A. Toulouse le Mirail_ birth of a new town_ Karal Kramer Verlay, Stuttgart, 1975
David, gosling; Barry Maitland. Concept of Urban Design, London, 1984
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The paper proceeds to review the concept of Residential Urban Spaces and their classification, and to limit the variables affecting the performance of the spaces and identify the ways to measure these variables. Then, it conducts a field survey of a
variety of spaces in the City of Lattakia. The paper also proceeds to conduct a questionnaire to the urban spaces users and the residents of the surrounding segments of the population in order to identify the users’ opinions and reviews on the current status of the space performance and identify the most important needs and activities favored by the users within the space. It also identifies the reasons behind selecting certain spaces rather than others.
After that, the paper proceeds to analyze the data in order to develop a mathematical model that determines the most important variables that affect the performance of the space, positively or negatively. Consequently, a mechanism will be set up to boost the performance of the Residential Urban Spaces by influencing the most powerful variables affecting the spaces and rejecting the weaker ones. Finally, making recommendations to activate the spaces and make it a safe interactive human, socio- cultural environment.
Housing is an important element of architectural surrounding, that appears to be an
outcome of the interaction of a number of factors whether regarding its age, model,
location, and area. So any building is valued by its aesthetic historic value as
well as its
capacity to satisfy the needs and comfort of its inhabitants.
The research presents an analytical study of the reality of contemporary housing and
its changes in the city of Latakia during the period 1921-2014, to register the most
important transformations that have occurred as a result of political, economic and social
conditions on the architectural level (housing) and urban level (residential complexes).
The research has sum up a set of architectural aspects that have changed in the
design of buildings in Latakia , along with the most important reasons causing this change.
This research highlights the elements of the traditional residence building in Sana'a, and tends to explain
its intellectual trends, environmental, economic, social and cultural, in order to conclude a set of results,
recommendations and suggestion
s that will contribute to the promotion and development of the level of
thinking design in a building housing Yemeni contemporary and future, in accordance with the
requirements of modern economic and social development.
The problem of this research is that Yemeni modern buildings do not respond exactly to the actual
population needs. This fact indicates that most of the designs came disproportionately with the cultural
aspect of objective human behavior of the Yemeni society, its customs and traditions. in addition, other
problems may arise, in environmental, economic and social sectors, that are related to architectural and
urban concepts
Regional planning is currently one of the pillars of the state and a measure of its
development, because planning works to show the current or the future problems, and puts
the appropriate solutions. So there is no doubt that the population is the
main goal of any
planning process by ensuring the various requirements of life for the increasing number of
them year after year. Finding adequate housing is therefore one of the first steps in the
planning process.
The problem of population growth is one of the most prominent problems facing countries
at present time. This is evident in city centers, which results in many problems such as
informal housing. In this study, we had a spatial study to determine the best location for
establishing a new city in order to accommodate the increasing number of population
within the Lattakia Governorate (Syrian Arab Republic), and we also achieved a
population study in order to determine the future population growth.
Geographic information systems (GIS) have proven its efficiency in spatial and
descriptive data management and analysis, so they have been relied upon to determine the
appropriate places for urban expansion based on a set of criteria collected from a range of
research that affect the selection process of these areas, through spatial analysis tools
within the GIS software to reach the appropriate areas of expansion to accommodate the
expected population growth.
During the past few decades , the urban boundaries of many Arab cities expanded, and their residential areas expanded due to increasing in the population density and the expansion of economic activity, in addition to prevailing building system, and d
ecreasing in the supply of the suitable lands for constructions and its high price, all this led to the spread of multy-storey residential buildings in attached and closely patterns, even it becomes the prevailing and approved system of construction system, without regarding the requirements of social human needs, in the design of external spaces, which in turn results in loosing the social relations among the inhabitants.
Paper’s hypothesis: The pattern and style of surrounding spaces design in residential buildings of contemporary architecture without taking into account of the social factor, is one of the most important reasons for the shortcomings of the social vitality of these areas.
This paper is based on studying these spaces in social function by extrapolating the performance of few models and analyzing them in order to reach an interactive and dynamic relationship between a human and his residential environment ,and community, within the borders of an apartment building and surrounding external spaces. During the past few decades , the urban boundaries of many Arab cities expanded, and their residential areas expanded due to increasing in the population density and the expansion of economic activity, in addition to prevailing building system, and decreasing in the supply of the suitable lands for constructions and its high price, all this led to the spread of multy-storey residential buildings in attached and closely patterns, even it becomes the prevailing and approved system of construction system, without regarding the requirements of social human needs, in the design of external spaces, which in turn results in loosing the social relations among the inhabitants.
Paper’s hypothesis: The pattern and style of surrounding spaces design in residential buildings of contemporary architecture without taking into account of the social factor, is one of the most important reasons for the shortcomings of the social vitality of these areas.
This paper is based on studying these spaces in social function by extrapolating the performance of few models and analyzing them in order to reach an interactive and dynamic relationship between a human and his residential environment ,and community, within the borders of an apartment building and surrounding external spaces.
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