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Register a new userFiscal policy in recent Syrian crises
السياسة المالية في ظل الأزمة الراهنة في سورية
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عبد الرزاق حساني( باحث )
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يعد عجز الميزانية من أهم التحديات التي تواجه السياسة المالية و تبرز حدة المشكلة عندما تتدهور الإيرادات العامة، و خصوصاً في ظل غياب السوق المالية و تباطؤ نمو الناتج. و هكذا فإن أخطاراً حقيقية تتهدد استقرار أوضاع المالية العامة في سورية. و نعتقد أن يكون الوضع أكثر سوءاً بسبب تأثير الظروف الأمنية السائدة، و العقوبات الاقتصادية الدولية و عدم القدرة على الوصول إلى الأسواق المالية الدولية. و استمرار المصرف المركزي بتمويل الإنفاق الحكومي مع تنامي الحاجة للإنفاق العام و قصور الإيرادات عن التمويل و توقف التصدير تقريباً إِذ تراجعت مصادر القطع الأجنبي، و اقتصر دور المصرف المركزي في التدخل بائعاً للقطع الأجنبي في سبيل المحافظة على سعر صرف الليرة من الانهيار. الأمر الذي استنزف احتياطي البلاد من القطع الأجنبي.
There is common sense that fiscal deficit represent a rival challenge to any fiscal policy mainly with a collapse of public revenues, the absence of financial markets, and a slowdown of GDP. Thus there are many risks facing budget stability. We believe that fiscal situation will deteriorate dramatically as a result of; recent political crises, international sanctions, incapability to access to external resources of funding. and Central Bank of Syria role in financing not fiscal deficit, but public expenditures. Furthermore, the central bank depends mainly on an intervention in foreign exchange market for preventing the collapse of Syrian Lira, which exhausted foreign assets.
References used
المهايني، محمد خالد: دور البيانات المحاسبية في عملية التخطيط المالي. جامعة دمشق، . أطروحة دكتوراه. 1992
هيئة تخطيط الدولة: الخطة الخمسية العاشرة
القنديل: العدد 1 ،217 تموز 2012 ، صحيفة أسبوعية تصدر في دمشق
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Syria suffers from an unfair war against it for more than four years, involving the
forces of old and new Zionist- US colonialism and the Persian Gulf States, Turkey and
other allied states. This war affected all aspects on the life of the Syrian c
ommunity, but I
will focus in the research on the economic impact, particularly on the exchange rate of
monetary policy and fiscal policy too. I will focus on the exchange rate as it reflects the
price of one currency against the other currency or currencies, and I used the dollar
exchange rate because it is the most commonly used in Syrian economic transactions, The
Syrian pound is linked with the us dollar in 1947 under law No.304/on 2 February 1947
and identified rate of the Syrian pound equivalent to (0, 405513) grams of gold, i.e. (45,6)
cents.The importance of exchange rate was revealed with the growing expansion of
international commercial exchanges of goods and services, financial transactions, and in
the digital language how many of Syrian pounds shall be sold or abandoned to obtain one
unit of another currency or USD, for example, so we can notice the importance of
exchange rate stability, and therefore one of the most important responsibilities of the
monetary policy in Central Bank, is to create an exchange rate that helps to boost economic
activity on the macro and micro level and contribute to increase the economic power.
يتمحور موضوع بحث أسواق الأوراق المالية في ظل الأزمة الاقتصادية العالمية الراهنة حول بيان ماهية تلك الأسواق من حيث مفهومها و أنواعها و بداياتها فضلاً عن نظرة عامة و آليات عملها، و ذلك لأهميتها و لأنها الحيز الذي يتم فيه عرض المدخرات من جانب و الطلب عل
يها في التمويل بالجانب الآخر، و هي بذلك تعد من أهم وسائل الاستثمار للأفراد و الشركات، كما تم في هذا البحث أيضاً تحديد
مفهوم و أنواع و أسباب الأزمة الاقتصادية العالمية الراهنة و بيان أثرها في تلك الأسواق من خلال عرض لبعض المؤشرات الاقتصادية و المالية التي تبين من خلالها حجم تلك الآثار و التداعيات على تلك الأسواق، و مكوناتها التي كانت ذات طابع سلبي بشكل واضح و كبير و من ثم أصبح الوصول ممكناً لعرض مفصل للنتائج مع تحديد التوصيات التي توصل إليها الباحث و أخيراً عرض للمصادر و المراجع التي اعتمدت لأغراض هذا البحث أو الدراسة .
This research handles one of the most important and contemporary subjects. It is the
status of Islamic banks, which proved a significant presence since its earliest beginning,
through increasing growth in market share, high performance and amount o
f banking
businesses, and multiple methods of Islamic funding.
This research focuses on studying the conditions of Islamic banks in general, in
terms of offering its concept, principles of founders, and the practical application of these
principles in bank business, then examining the conditions of Islamic banks in the Syrian
Arab Republic in spite of its newness and the crisis the area is going through. This would
be done through displaying its origin, development, the performance of banks operations in
it, and knowing if these banks are committed to the principles of founders ,then
monitoring the crisis’ effects in the area since 2011 on the performance of these banks
(Financial resources - Funding- Profits) through analyzing its financial statements and
knowing the truthfulness of these positive data mentioned in these statements specially the
highest profits. The study also attempts to offer some suggestions to face the effects of the
crisis and straighten the work of these banks.
The most important search results is that the conditions of Islamic banks in general
and Syrian Islamic banks in particular did not match the principles of founders , financial
resources employment ratios were low despite the rise of resources and funds , and the
profits made by Syrian Islamic banks during this crisis are not real profits.
The concept of sustainable development and its
indicators and dimensions, and focus on the reality in the
shadow of the Syrian crisis at the moment
This research aims to study the Syrian banking system performance in light of
changes that began in Syria since March 2011 and their implications (the case of
Commercial Bank of Syria).
It was found that the banking sector exposure to fallout led
to instability, which
limited the role of as a financial intermediary supporting production and encourage
investment in the various national sectors of the economy, in addition to reducing the
volume of services provided by banks, and changes in exchange rates, and a crisis of
liquidity and credit.
The research has been relying on financial reports which is published on the case of
Commercial Bank of Syria site during the period from 2010 to 2013.
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