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Techniques for Rationalizing the use of household water and its relationship to some variables Analytic field study in the south-western provinces - Syria

أساليب ترشيد استخدام المياه المنزلية و علاقتها ببعض المتغيرات دراسة تحليلية ميدانية في المحافظات الجنوبية الغربية من سورية

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 Publication date 2013
  fields Education
and research's language is العربية
 Created by Shamra Editor




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With the increasing need of the Syrian family for domestic water, there is a need to improve the techniques of rationalization of water consumption methods followed by the women . The main question of research was: What are the techniques used by Syrian women to rationalize the consumption of household water? The objectives of the research focused on: 1. Identifying the techniques used by Syrian women in the rational consumption of domestic water. 2. Analyzing the difference between the techniques of rationalization of water depending on the place of residence and the level of education of women, and the relationship between those techniques and women's age, job and income. The researcher followed content analysis method, and used a number of tools: - the rationalization standard, a direct and open interview questionnaire, and analysis card. The validity and reliability of tools were verified. The study population was the families living in the south-western provinces of Syria and the analysis sample was (778 interview card). the results showed that the Syrian women used a variety of techniques to rationalize the consumption of domestic water. They include six techniques, which are in descending order: alternatives (27.6%), organization (23.6%), recycling (23.3%), restriction (18.3%), technology (6.0%), and awareness (1.2%). Analysis of differences indicated that there were significant differences in the techniques of rationalization variables depending on the province, as well as depending on the level of education of women. The analysis showed as well the existence of a relationship between some of the techniques of rationalization and a number of other variables related to women; namely: age, job, and income. Research Recommendations: Qualifying women through the adoption of "water education" with the participation of various forms of education (formal education, non-formal education, and informal education).


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Research summary
تتناول هذه الدراسة التحليلية الميدانية التي أجراها الدكتور ريمون فضل الله المعلولي في المحافظات الجنوبية الغربية من سوريا أساليب ترشيد استخدام المياه المنزلية وعلاقتها ببعض المتغيرات الديموغرافية والاجتماعية. تهدف الدراسة إلى التعرف على الأساليب التي تتبعها المرأة السورية لترشيد استهلاك المياه المنزلية، وتحليل التباين بين هذه الأساليب تبعاً لمكان إقامة المرأة ومستواها التعليمي، بالإضافة إلى العلاقة بين تلك الأساليب وعمر المرأة، عملها، ودخلها. استخدم الباحث منهج تحليل المضمون وعدة أدوات منها استبانة مقابلة موجهة ومفتوحة وبطاقة تحليل، وتم التحقق من صدق وثبات الأدوات المستخدمة. شملت عينة الدراسة 778 أسرة من المحافظات الجنوبية الغربية. أظهرت النتائج أن المرأة السورية تتبع أساليب متنوعة لترشيد المياه المنزلية، منها البدائل، التنظيم، التدوير، الضبط، التقنية، والتوعية. كما أشارت النتائج إلى وجود فروق جوهرية في أساليب الترشيد تبعاً للمحافظة والمستوى التعليمي للمرأة، ووجود علاقة بين بعض أساليب الترشيد وعدد من خصائص المرأة مثل العمر، العمل، والدخل المادي. انتهت الدراسة بعدة مقترحات تركز على ضرورة تمكين المرأة من خلال اعتماد التربية المائية بمشاركة مختلف أشكال التربية.
Critical review
تُعد الدراسة التي قدمها الدكتور ريمون فضل الله المعلولي خطوة مهمة نحو فهم أساليب ترشيد استخدام المياه المنزلية في سوريا، إلا أن هناك بعض النقاط التي يمكن تحسينها. أولاً، كان من الممكن توسيع نطاق الدراسة ليشمل مناطق أخرى من سوريا للحصول على صورة أشمل وأكثر تنوعاً. ثانياً، على الرغم من أن الدراسة استخدمت منهج تحليل المضمون، إلا أن إضافة منهجيات بحثية أخرى مثل المقابلات العميقة أو المجموعات البؤرية قد تضيف عمقاً أكبر للنتائج. ثالثاً، كان من الممكن التركيز بشكل أكبر على العوامل الثقافية والاجتماعية التي تؤثر على سلوكيات ترشيد المياه لدى النساء، مما قد يساعد في تقديم توصيات أكثر دقة وفعالية. وأخيراً، كان من الممكن تقديم تحليل أكثر تفصيلاً للبيانات الإحصائية المستخدمة في الدراسة لتوضيح العلاقات بين المتغيرات بشكل أفضل.
Questions related to the research
  1. ما هي الأساليب التي تتبعها المرأة السورية لترشيد استخدام المياه المنزلية؟

    تتبع المرأة السورية عدة أساليب لترشيد استخدام المياه المنزلية، منها البدائل، التنظيم، التدوير، الضبط، التقنية، والتوعية.

  2. ما هي العوامل التي تؤثر على أساليب ترشيد المياه المنزلية لدى المرأة السورية؟

    تتأثر أساليب ترشيد المياه المنزلية لدى المرأة السورية بعدة عوامل منها مكان الإقامة، المستوى التعليمي، العمر، العمل، والدخل المادي.

  3. ما هي التوصيات التي انتهت إليها الدراسة؟

    أوصت الدراسة بضرورة تمكين المرأة من خلال اعتماد التربية المائية بمشاركة مختلف أشكال التربية، ونشر الوعي حول دور المرأة في إدارة المياه.

  4. ما هي المنهجية التي استخدمها الباحث في هذه الدراسة؟

    استخدم الباحث منهج تحليل المضمون وعدة أدوات منها استبانة مقابلة موجهة ومفتوحة وبطاقة تحليل، وتم التحقق من صدق وثبات الأدوات المستخدمة.


References used
Andrews, Elaine & Others. "Educating Young People about Water, A Guide to Program Planning and Evaluation", Ohio : Cooperative state research extension and education service, Ohio state University, PP 5-6. (1995) . Gender, Domestic Water Supply and Hygiene.(2006) .GWA. 22 www.genderandwater.org/content/.../Chapter_3.5_July%2006.doc
المعلولي, ريمون. ميزان ساعات العمل المأجور و غير المأجور لدى المرأة و الرجل و قيمته المالية في الأسرة السورية مجلة العلوم التربوية و النفسية, جامعة دمشق. قيد النشر. (2012).
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