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Register a new userStudy of Drought Spatio- Temporal Characteristics in Syrian Coastal Region during the Period 1966-2008
دراسة الخصائص المكانية و الزمنية للجفاف في المنطقة الساحلية من سوريا خلال الفترة 1966- 2008
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يعد الجفاف أحد أهم التحديات التي تواجه التنمية المستدامة في مناطق شرق المتوسط حيث الموارد المائية محدودة أصلا و النظم البيئية هشة. تم استخدام محصلات الانحرافات القياسية الشهرية المثقلة للهطل لتقدير الشدة و التكرار و الامتداد المكاني لجفاف الموسم الماطر (أيلول – ايار ) لخمس محطات مناخية تغطي جزءا مهماً من المنطقة الساحلية خلال الفترة من عام 1966 حتى 2008، و قد تم التحقق من تغير شدة الجفاف باستخدام الانحدار الخطي و اختبار مان كندال. أظهرت النتائج أن الجفاف يتكرر بشكل كبير في جميع أجزاء المنطقة الساحلية ( بنسبة تصل إلى 35 % في بعض الأجزاء ) لكن بشدات مختلفة و قد يمتد لثلاثة مواسم متتالية كما حدث خلال الفترة 1988-1991 .كما أن الجفاف متطرف الشدة يمكن أن يشمل كامل المنطقة كما حدث في الموسم 1972-1973 . بينت النتائج من جهة أخرى تزايد شدة الجفاف بسبب تناقص قيم المؤشر بمقدار تراوح بين 0.29 و 0.96 في المحطات المدروسة الأمر الذي سيكون له تأثيرات بيئية و اقتصادية كبيرة و يشكل تحدياً متزايداً أمام الإنتاج الزراعي و إدارة الموارد المائية في المنطقة.
Drought is one of the most important challenges facing sustainable development in eastern Mediterranean regions, where water resources are already limited and ecosystems are fragile. Sums of weighted standardized monthly precipitation anomalies were used to assess annual drought intensity, frequency and spatial extent in five climatic stations located in Syrian coastal region during the period 1966-2008.Changes in drought intensity were detected using trends with Mann – Kendall test. Results show that drought occurs with high frequency over all parts of the coastal region(up to 35% in some parts),but with different intensities.Extreme drought can hit all regions in some years as happened in 1972-1973. Moreover drought may strike the same region for three consecutive years (1988-1991). Also the results show an increasing tendency in drought intensityrelated to the decreasein drought index values (between 0.29-0.96). This can have serious ecological and economic consequences and will pose an increasing challenge to agriculture and the management of water resources in this region.
References used
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2 - grow liabilities ( sources of funds) increased continuously, and this indicates that the bank is the process of attracting deposits and development, as a result of the confidence gained by depositors which will reflect positively on its financial performance.
3- Revenue achieved high growth rates in most of the years of study and was Murabaha istisna, and leave ended Bittamleek formulas are used within the revenue from financing activities.
4 - low rates of investment grow with time in most years of the study, where there is an Islamic investment Kalmzarah formats and Musaqah. and the other did not enter the bank yet, as there are some formulas entered the bank in a limited way Kalmdharbh and participation.
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been collected from eight different sites belonging to the provinces of Latakia and Tartous
during the autumn of 2012. Their content of heavy metals (zinc, copper, le
ad & cadmium)
was estimated by Atomic Absorption at the Higher Institute for Environmental Research at
Tishreen University. The results showed that zinc concentration in the bee honey samples
ranged from 2.86 to 12.64 mg / kg (mean 7.98±3.67), and copper ranged from 0.125 to
0.652 mg / kg (mean 0.328±0.176 ), lead ranged from 0.084 to 0.378 mg / kg (mean
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results indicated that the largest amounts of heavy metals were found in honey sample
taken from the apiary which is located at the eastern entrance of Latakia city (near Joud
factory), while the lower concentrations of zinc and lead were in Banias area (Wadi Al
Saqi), and the least concentration of copper was in Safita area, and of cadmium was in the
Gablah area (Bani Qahtan Castle).Comparing elements concentration in the studied honey
samples, Zinc concentration was found to be the highest, followed by copper, lead and then
finally cadmium.The results of statistical analysis indicated the existence of significant
differences between the studied sites during the autumn of 2012.
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