The leptin, which is poly peptides hormones secreted mainly from fat cells,
is considered anorexigenic. Leptin inhibits appetite by causing chemical
signals after combining with its specific receptors in the hypothalamus area.
These signals can be
discovered by variation of the concentration of the
hypothalamus proteins P.STAT3 (Phospho Signal Transducer and
Activator of Transcription) P.MAPK( Phospho Mitogen-Activated Protein
Kinase), which can be inhibited by negative feedback of PTP1B( Phospho
Tyrosine Phosphatase 1 ) or SCSO3( Suppressor of Cytokine Signaling),
resulting in homeostatic and energetic regulation in the body. Moreover,
there are signals disorders cases, which lead to obesity in spite of increased
plasma level of leptin, which indicates to existence of leptin resistance.
54 isolates were isolated of the bacteria associated with ear infections which
have antimicrobial resistance from the patients in the National Hospital in
Qamishly City during the period from 01/08/2008 to 31/10/ 2009. The number
of Pseudomonas ae
ruginosa was high, followed by Staphylococcus aureus. It has
been found that the rate of ear infections was lower in male (44.4%) than
female (55.5%), and was (48.10%) in the first age category (1- 15 year) more
than the second age category (15- 30 year) (31.37%), while the rate of ear
infections was (23.5%) in the third age category(30- 60 year ).
We found that all the strains of isolated bacteria showed high susceptibility
to Imipenem (100%), and all bacteria of Pseudomonas, klebseilla, Proteus,
Enterobacter, showed high sensitivity to ciprofloxacin, levofloxacin (85%), but
only staphylococcus (58%).
In addition, most isolated bacteria showed intermediate sensitivity to
tobramicine, amikacine, gentamycine, and cephalosporinses like ceftazidime,
cefaclor and cefotaxime.
At the same time, most isolated bacteria showed resistance to Amoxicilline,
Ampicillin, Penicillin, Oxacylline, Sulphamethoxasole, erythromycin,
vancomycine and tetracyclines.
A total of 30 water samples and 45 infected fish (carp, Cyprinus carpio) were
collected from freshwater fish farm (Dam of 16 Tishreen-Lattakia) and
analysed bacteriological. Macroscopic examinations of infected fish had showed
the presence of haem
orrhagic skin lesions with brown or red spots throughout
their skin. A total of 64 Aeromonas strains were isolated. The Aeromonas
isolates were distributed as follows: Aeromonas hydrophila (34, 53%), A. caviae
(16, 25%), A. sobria (9, 14%) and (5, 8%) of unidentified aeromonads.
Collectively, Aeromonas spp. are considered as opportunistic causative agents
of human gastroenteritis and other infections. Antibiotic susceptibility tests
were carried on all strains of isolated Aeromonas spp. using twenty different
antibiotics by agar disk diffusion method.
A retrospective study over 3 years was conducted in NICU of Damascus
university to explain any change in the bacteriological profile of neonatal
sepsis and to prove the need to change the treatment policy. This study was
carried out on the neonate
s admitted on NICU between 1/1/02 and
31/12/2004 who had the diagnosis of sepsis. We had the results of blood
culture and the resistance report from the patients files and the archive of
our bacteriological laboratory. we compared the results with chi square.
A total of 294 samples of raw-unpasteurized bovine milk and variety of
dairy products (hard cheese, sweet cheese, cream cheese and cream), were
collected from local markets in Lattakia city as well as 44 samples of used water
(clear potable water
collected before used in cheese preparing processes) and
preserving water (turbid water collected from hard cheese preserving tanks).
All samples were analyzed for E.coli O157: H7 detection.
A total of 73 drinking water samples were collected from distribution
system in Lattakia city, the aim was to search for hetrotrophic bacteria and
investigate their resistance to chlorine and antibiotics. The antibiotic
susceptibility tests were:
carried out by using agar dillution method (MIC) and
the antibiotics tested were: Ampicillin, Chloramphenicol, tetracycline,
Amikacin, Ciprofloxacin, Cefotaxim, Gentamicin, Erythromycin Piperacilin/
Tazobactam, and cephalothin.
A sum of 133 bacterial strains were isolated and included by five genera:
pseudomonas, acinetobacter, flavobacter, chromobacter, and methylobacter.
The samples content of residual chlorine were ranged between 0.1 to 3.8 mg/l.
The majority of bacterial strains isolated were resistance to chlorine. The
multiple antibiotic resistances were common amongst isolated bacterial strains.
This study aimed to compare the susceptibility of five wheat varieties
Eratom, Al-Iz, Rabea, ACSAD and Om-Rabei to infestation by Khapra beetle
by estimation of population density of insect phases, population reproduction
rate and the loss in germ
ination percentage at two levels of infestation 2 and 4
pairs/ 100 gr. grains and four storage periods 3, 6, 9 and 12 months under
natural conditions.
Results showed significant differences between varieties. Eratom was the
most susceptible variety and the population density, population reproduction
rate and loss in germination percentage were 2868.08 individual, 77.61
individual/month and 65.82%, while ACSAD was the least susceptible one and
the values were 1004.91 individual, 23.88 individual/month and 47.49%
respectively. Also infestation level and storage period had a significant effect on
the population density, population reproduction rate and loss in germination
percentage.
WI٢٢٩١ and Tadmor, two barley lines widely grown in the Mediterranean
region were tested for powdery mildew (Erysiphe graminis f. sp. hordei)
resistance together with the European differential tester set against six powdery
mildew isolates. The si
x cultures of powdery mildew developed from single
colonies were comprised of four powdery mildew isolates originating from Syrian barley lines and two cultures originating from Danish barley lines.
