Cutaneous Leishmaniasis (CL) is one of the most prevalent
clinical forms of leishmaniasis , also it is endemic disease in Syria. And in
spite of the great efforts to control the disease the annual incidence is still
increased. Furthermore, tourism
, migration, and prevalence of acquired
immunodeficiency (AIDS) all these factors increase the spread of this
disease to new areas around the world.
Recently, studies suggest that cytokines gene polymorphisms can contribute
to resistance or susceptibility to many diseases and one of these diseases is
CL .
Random Amplified Polymorphic DNA (RAPD) was used to evaluate genetic
diversity among 11 Yemeny pomegranate types. Samples were collected in 2004
from three main regions: east, middle and north of the country (Rada, Hada
and Saada). PCR amplificati
on of pomogranate DNA with 30 random primers
generated 1013 bands, 118 of them were polymorphic 11.5%. Results showed
that the genetic diversity within the tested types was limited. Similarity values
ranged between 59 –96 % with a mean of 79 %. Statistical analysis showed
that the types can be divided into two clusters: cluster 1 with Orkobi and
Mellies types found in the Hada region; cluster 2 includes nine types belonging
to the Saada and Radaa regions .High similarity (90–96%) was obtained with
Khazemy, Liessy 1, Liessy 2, Taefi, Ahmer and Balady types. Whereas, some
types could be considerd as separate cultivars due to their high genetic
diversity such as, Orkoby and Mellies (Hada region) in addition to Bohssom,
Sommaty and Liessy 3 in the Saada region.
Rotifers considered as one of the important zooplankton in the ecological
system of fresh water lakes. It’s an essential food for many species of fish. So,
it’s important to be available all over the year with enough abundance. In the
predator pre
sence, polymorphism is considered an effective way for the species
protection. For that reason, one spine or more of the studied species (Keratella
cochlearis, Brachionus calyciflorus) are being built at the same time where the
predator (Asplanchna priodonata or different species of crustaceans) are in the
lake. These spines usually disappear during the predator absence. This study
also reveals that there is no clear role for the temperature or abiotic factors in
the polymorphism operation.
This research was carried out in molecular biology laboratory
faculty of agriculture /Damascus University during the agriculture
season 2015-2016, to study the genetic diversity and determine the
degree of genetic similarity among eleven 11 cultiv
ated vetch
(Aleppo, Idleb, Kamishly, Hassekeh, Tartous, Lattakia, Homs,
Hama, Sweida, Damascus,Daraa) by using the technique ISSR.
Chronic periodontitis (CP) is an inflammatory disease, characterized by gingivitis,
and affecting tooth supporting tissues, forming periodontal pockets with associated
attachment loss, alveolar bone resorption. It is common in adults, but can also
occur at any
age. The rate of disease progression may be influenced by local, systemic conditions,
and/or environmental factors that alter the normal host response to bacterial plaque, and
affect the susceptibility to disease.It is suggested that periodontitis is partially associated
by genetic factors, that many genes are involved in inflammation susceptibility, mainly
include the vitamin D receptor (VDR) gene that is implicated in bone metabolism and the
host immune response.
80 Syrian subjects were recruited for vitamin D receptor gene polymorphism study,
and allocated in two groups: 50 diagnosed with CP and mean age was (64 ± 0.722) years,
30 matched controls. DNA was isolated from peripheral blood cells, and genotyping was
performed by polymerase chain reaction (PCR) method and restriction fragment length
polymorphism analysis (RFLP) by using FokI enzyme.
By using Chi square test, no significant differences were found between the study
groups in the frequencies of alleles and genotypes at FokI position of VDR gene, age and
sex. These findings suggest that the investigated factors are not associated with periodontal
disease in this studied sample of Syrian population.
