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    An analytical Study of the Methods of State-Owned Agricultural Land (SOAL) Management in Lattakia Governorate

    دراسة تحليلية لطرق إدارة أراضي الدولة الزراعية في محافظة اللاذقية

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     Added by Tishreen University ورقة بحثية
     Publication date 2018
      fields Agrarian Economy
    and research's language is العربية
     Created by Shamra Editor


    ‎Shamra Academia - شمرا أكاديميا‎


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    Abstract in Arabic Abstract in English

    This study was conducted in Lattakia Governorate in 2017, with the aim of evaluating methods of using state-owned agricultural land (SOAL). The study methodology based on comparative analysis of many indicators to evaluate SOAL management. The results showed that the area actually invested of the total state-owned agricultural lands in Lattakia Governorate reached 2980 ha out of 10663 hectares, which is limited to 28% of the total available area. Most of this invested area was leased to the farmers through social research, as a basic way for management of SOAL lands. According to that, the area leased to farmers constituted 27.7% of the total available land, while a small area of 21 hectares was recently invested by private investment projects (agricultural, industrial, service, tourism) during the period (2013-2017). However, the fundamental principle of leasing these lands to farmers is to solve the problem of squatting on a large part of SOAL in this governorate, which amounted to about (20.9%) of the total available area.

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    Research summary
    أجريت هذه الدراسة في محافظة اللاذقية عام 2017 بهدف تقييم طرق استخدام الأراضي الزراعية المملوكة للدولة. استخدمت الدراسة المنهج الوصفي التحليلي لقياس المؤشرات والمتغيرات. أظهرت النتائج أن المساحة المستثمرة من الأراضي الزراعية المملوكة للدولة بلغت 2980 هكتاراً من أصل 10663 هكتاراً، أي بنسبة 28% من المساحة الإجمالية المتاحة. تم تأجير معظم هذه الأراضي للمزارعين، حيث بلغت نسبة المساحات المؤجرة 27.7% من إجمالي الأراضي، بينما تم استثمار مساحة صغيرة تقدر بنحو 21 هكتاراً فقط في مشروعات استثمارية خلال الفترة 2013-2017. الهدف الأساسي من تأجير هذه الأراضي للمزارعين كان لمعالجة مشكلة وضع اليد على جزء كبير منها، والذي بلغ 20.9% من المساحة الإجمالية المتاحة. قدرت العوائد الناتجة عن تأجير الأراضي الزراعية بنحو 2500 ل.س/دونم، بينما ارتفعت بنحو 7-10 أضعاف عند استثمار هذه الأراضي في مشروعات استثمارية خاصة، أي نحو 40273 ل.س/دونم بالمتوسط. عند أخذ الآثار البيئية والاجتماعية في الاعتبار، تبين أن استثمار الأراضي في مشاريع الزراعة التجارية كان أفضل من المشروعات الاستثمارية الأخرى. وجود جزء كبير من الأراضي الزراعية المملوكة للدولة خارج الاستثمار أو التأجير يمثل خسارة للاقتصاد الوطني، حيث تقدر العوائد المفقودة بنحو 3.2 مليار ل.س سنوياً.
    Critical review
    تقدم الدراسة تحليلاً شاملاً لطرق إدارة الأراضي الزراعية المملوكة للدولة في محافظة اللاذقية، وتسلط الضوء على الفوائد الاقتصادية والاجتماعية والبيئية لتأجير واستثمار هذه الأراضي. ومع ذلك، يمكن توجيه بعض النقد البناء للدراسة. أولاً، كان من الممكن أن تكون الدراسة أكثر شمولية إذا تناولت أيضاً تأثير السياسات الحكومية على إدارة الأراضي الزراعية. ثانياً، لم يتم التطرق بشكل كافٍ إلى التحديات التي تواجه المزارعين في استثمار هذه الأراضي، مثل نقص التمويل أو الدعم الفني. ثالثاً، كان من الممكن أن تكون الدراسة أكثر إفادة إذا تضمنت مقارنة مع تجارب دول أخرى في إدارة الأراضي الزراعية المملوكة للدولة. وأخيراً، كان من الممكن أن تكون التوصيات أكثر تفصيلاً ووضوحاً لتوجيه صناع القرار بشكل أفضل.
    Questions related to the research
    1. ما هي المساحة الإجمالية للأراضي الزراعية المملوكة للدولة في محافظة اللاذقية؟

      المساحة الإجمالية للأراضي الزراعية المملوكة للدولة في محافظة اللاذقية هي 10663 هكتاراً.

    2. ما هي نسبة الأراضي الزراعية المملوكة للدولة التي تم تأجيرها للمزارعين؟

      نسبة الأراضي الزراعية المملوكة للدولة التي تم تأجيرها للمزارعين هي 27.7%.

    3. ما هو متوسط العائد الناتج عن استثمار الأراضي الزراعية في مشروعات استثمارية خاصة؟

      متوسط العائد الناتج عن استثمار الأراضي الزراعية في مشروعات استثمارية خاصة هو 40273 ل.س/دونم.

    4. ما هي الخسائر المالية المتوقعة نتيجة لعدم استثمار بعض الأراضي الزراعية المملوكة للدولة؟

      الخسائر المالية المتوقعة نتيجة لعدم استثمار بعض الأراضي الزراعية المملوكة للدولة تقدر بنحو 3.2 مليار ل.س سنوياً.

    Keywords
    إدارة الأراضي أراضي الدولة الأراضي الزراعية المملوكة للدولة عوائد أراضي الدولة
    References used
    ABABAS MYRIAM. Privatization in Syria: State Farms and the Case of the Euphrates Project. The Fifth Mediterranean Social and Political Research Meeting, European University Institute, Florence, Italy, 2004
    UNITED NATIONS (UN). Land Administration in the Economic Commission for Europe (ECE) Region. Development Trends and Main Principles. Geneva. Switzerland, 2005
    ZIMMERMAN, W: Good Governance in State Land Management. Presentation at Expert Meeting on Good Governance in Land Tenure and Administration, FAO, Rome, Italy, 2006
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