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Register a new userالتفاعل الوراثي البيئي لبعض الطرز الوراثية من القمح القاسي تحت تأثير معدلات بذار مختلفة لصفة الغلة الحبية
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Aِl-Baath University ورقة بحثية
Publication date
2016
fields
Field Crops
and research's language is
العربية
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Shamra Editor
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اختُبر 12 طرازا وراثياً من القمح القاسي Triticuum. durum لصفة الغلة الحبية في ثلاثة مواقع بيئية متباينة خلال موسمي 2013-2014 , 2014-2015 بثلاثة معدلات بذار ( 150, 200 ,250 ) كغ/ ه و تضمنت المادة الوراثية 7 سلالات مبشرة و خمسة شواهد تمثل أصناف القمح القاسي المحلية لمنطقتي الاستقرار الأولى و الثانية. صممت التجربة وفق تصميم القطاعات الكاملة العشوائية في ثلاثة مكررات, حللت البيانات و تمت المقارنة وفق اختبار أقل فرق معنوي LSD عند مستوى دلالة 5%.
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References used
Pena, R.J., (2007) Current and future trends of wheat quality needs. In: Buck, H. T., Nisi, J. E., Salomon, N. (Eds.). Wheat production in stressed environments. Springer, Pp: 411-424
Knight, R.(1970). The measurement and interpretation of genotype environment interactions. Euphytica, 19: 225–35
Hebert, Y. C. Plomion and N. Harzic.1995. Genotypiv x environmental interaction For root traits in maize as analysed with factorial regression models. Euphytica.81: 85-92
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اختُبر 12 طرازا وراثياً من القمح القاسي Triticuum. du لصفة الغلة الحبيبة
في ثلاثة مواقع بيئية متباينة خلال موسمي 2014/2013 ,2015 /2014 و تضمنت المادة الوراثية 7 سلالات مبشرة و خمسة شواهد تمثل أصناف القمح القاسي المحلية لمنطقتي الاستقرار الأولى و ا
لثانية في سورية. صممت التجربة وفق تصميم القطاعات الكاملة العشوائية في ثلاثة مكررات, حللت البيانات و تمت المقارنة وفق اختبار أقل فرق معنوي LSD عند مستوى دلالة 5%.
نفذت هذه الدراسة في محطة بحوث قرحتا التابعة للهيئة العامة للبحوث الزراعية في ريف دمشق - سورية خلال الموسمسين الزراعيين 2010-2011 و 2011-2012
Eleven genotypes of Bread Wheat (Triticum aestivum L.) were tested at three diverse
locations in the Syrian Coast during the 2015-2016 season under rain-fed conditions to
assess these genotypes and to study the Genotypes x Environments Interactions
, and yield
stability across environments using 5 statistical measures of stability:{ X¯i, bi, and i
according to Eberhart and Russell (1966), Stability Variance Index (2
i) according to
Wricke and Weber (1980), Ecovalance Stability Index (Wi) according to Wricke (1962)}.
Genetic material included 5 promising lines and 6 local varieties (provided by ACSAD and
GCSAR).The experiment was designed using randomized complete block design with
three replications, statistical data analysis was done, and least significant difference
(L.S.D) test at 5% was applied for comparison of means. Significant differences were
observed among bread wheat genotypes for grain yield (ton/ha), combined analysis of
variance of grain yield across the three environments showed significant mean squares due
to genotypes, environments and genotypes x environments interaction, suggesting
differential responses of genotypes across studied environments and validity of stability
analysis.
Stability analysis for grain yield revealed that; the promising line ACSAD-1147 and
Doma6 were more stable than other genotypes. Due to they had superior ranks for both
average yield over environments and yield stability, which reveals the importance of these
genotypes to reach varieties that combine relatively high yield and better stability in any
future breeding programs.
This study was carried out at Karahta Station, Dept. of Field Crops
Researches, General Commission for Scientific Agriculture Researches
(GCSAR) Damascus, Syria, during the growing seasons (2009-2010, 2010-2011).
The crosses were grown inatrial us
ing randomized complete block design
(RCBD) with three replicates in order to evaluate number of spikes per plant,
number of grains per spike, thousand kernel weight and grain yield per plant
and estimate some genetic indices: broad scenes heritability (BSH), narrow
scenes heritability (NSH), and genetic advance (GA). Seeds of five populations
of the three evaluated single hybrids were formed by crossing of five inbred
lines. Analysis of variance results showed significant differences among mean
values of the five populations of each cross for all studied traits. The results
revealed that the broad scenes heritability ranged between high and moderate
for the following productivity traits (SP/PL, GR/SP, TKW and GY/P) and it
was (75, 40, 57) (38, 80, 38) (74, 60, 85) and (73, 73, 71) for the three crosses,
respectively. Additive gene action noticed on most traits indicated less selection
cycles to improve these traits.
This study was carried out through the cooperation between Faculty of
Agricultural Damascus University and General Commission of Agricultural
Scientific Researches in Karahta station of field crops researches during 2010-
2011 and 2011-2012 succes
sive seasons. Four hybrids of durum wheat namely
(Duma1*Sauady), (Buhuth9*Q88), (Sham7*Q130) and (Horaney*Q131) were
evaluated to estimate heritability, genetic advance, heterosis and inbreeding
depression for days to heading ,grain filing period, plant height, number of
spikes per plant, and number of grains per plant. The mean average for all
these traits revealed highly significant differences among crosses. Low in
protein content trait (23-69%), medium in grain yield per plant (38-70) and
high heritability in thousand kernel weight (62-81%) were found. All hybrids
showed the highest for both mid and better parents heterosis for protein
content and gluten traits. High heritability was accompanied by high genetic
advance for thousand kernel weight. Low heritability was coupled with low
genetic advance for grain yield per plant, protein content and gluten. However,
greater magnitude of heritability coupled with higher genetic advance in some
traits provided that these parameters were under the control of additive genetic
effects. This indicates that selection should lead to fast genetic improvement of
the material. Moreover, the high genetic correlations for most of the traits,
suggested a strong inherent association among these traits at the genetic level.
Thus these traits deserve better attention in future breeding programs for
evolving better wheat in stress environments.
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