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Register a new userGenotype x Environment Interaction and Yield Stability Analysis of Some Bread Wheat (Triticum aestivum L.) Genotypes at Different Locations in the Syrian Coast
التفاعل الوراثي Xالبيئي و تحليل الثباتية لبعض الطرز الوراثية من القمح الطري (Triticum aestivum L.) في مواقع بيئية متباينة من الساحل السوري.
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Tishreen University ورقة بحثية
Publication date
2018
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Field Crops
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العربية
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اختبر 11 طرازاً وراثياً من القمح الطري (Triticum aestivum L.) عبر ثلاثة مواقع بيئية مختلفة في الساحل السوري خلال موسم 2015- 2016 م تحت ظروف الزراعة المطرية بهدف تقييم هذه الطرز و دراسة التفاعل الوراثي X البيئي (GXE), و ثباتية الغلة الحبية للطرز الوراثية المدروسة عبر هذه المواقع باستخدام 5 مؤشرات إحصائية للثباتية و هي:} X¯i, bi, S²d̅i تبعاً للعالمَين Eberhart and Russell (1966), معامل تباين الثباتية (s 2 i) تبعاً لـِ Wricke & Weber (1980), و دليل استقرار المكافئ البيئي ( (Wi تبعاً للعالمWricke (1962){ . تضمنت المادة الوراثية خمس سلالات مبشرة و ستة أصناف محلية معتمدة تم الحصول عليها من المركز العربي لدراسات المناطق الجافة و الأراضي القاحلة (ACSAD) و الهيئة العامة للبحوث العلمية الزراعية (GCSAR), صممت التجربة في المواقع الثلاثة وفق تصميم القطاعات العشوائية الكاملة في ثلاثة مكررات, حللت البيانات إحصائياً و تمت المقارنة وفق اختبار أقل فرق معنوي عند مستوى دلالة 5%, حيث لوحظت فروق معنوية بين الطرز الوراثية بالنسبة لصفة الغلة الحبية (طن/هـ), و أظهر تحليل التباين التجميعي لصفة الغلة الحبية عبر البيئات وجود تباينات معنوية بين كلٍ من الطرز الوراثية, البيئات, و تفاعل طراز* بيئة, مما يشير إلى استجابات مختلفة للطرز الوراثية عبر البيئات المدروسة و فعالية تحليل الثباتية. أظهرت نتائج تحليل الثباتية تفوق الطرازَين الوراثيين (السلالة المبشرة أكساد 1147, و الصنف دوما6) على جميع الطرز الوراثية المدروسة؛ حيث امتلكا ترتيباً متفوقاً في كل من متوسط الغلة الحبية عبر البيئات و ثباتية في الغلة, و أبديا ملاءمةً مع جميع البيئات المختبَرة, مما يدل على أهمية استخدامهما في برامج تربية القمح المستقبلية للوصول إلى أصناف تجمع بين الغلة المتفوقة و الثباتية العالية.
Eleven genotypes of Bread Wheat (Triticum aestivum L.) were tested at three diverse locations in the Syrian Coast during the 2015-2016 season under rain-fed conditions to assess these genotypes and to study the Genotypes x Environments Interactions, and yield stability across environments using 5 statistical measures of stability:{ X¯i, bi, and i according to Eberhart and Russell (1966), Stability Variance Index (2 i) according to Wricke and Weber (1980), Ecovalance Stability Index (Wi) according to Wricke (1962)}. Genetic material included 5 promising lines and 6 local varieties (provided by ACSAD and GCSAR).The experiment was designed using randomized complete block design with three replications, statistical data analysis was done, and least significant difference (L.S.D) test at 5% was applied for comparison of means. Significant differences were observed among bread wheat genotypes for grain yield (ton/ha), combined analysis of variance of grain yield across the three environments showed significant mean squares due to genotypes, environments and genotypes x environments interaction, suggesting differential responses of genotypes across studied environments and validity of stability analysis. Stability analysis for grain yield revealed that; the promising line ACSAD-1147 and Doma6 were more stable than other genotypes. Due to they had superior ranks for both average yield over environments and yield stability, which reveals the importance of these genotypes to reach varieties that combine relatively high yield and better stability in any future breeding programs.
References used
ABD EL-SHAFI M.A, GHEITH E.M.S, ABD EL-MOHSEN A.A, SULEIMAN H.S. Stability Analysis and Correlations among Different Stability Parameters for Grain Yield in Bread Wheat. Sci. Agri.6, 3, 2014, 135-140
AMIN M, MOHAMMAD T, KHAN AJ, IRFAQ M, ALI A, TAHIR GR. Yield Stability Of Spring Wheat (Triticum aestivum L.) In North West Frontir Province, Pakistan. Songklanakarin J. Sci. Technol. 27, 2005, 1147-1150
ANNICCHIARICO P. Additive Main Effects and Multiplicative Interaction (AMMI) in Variety Trials Repeated over Years. Theoretical and Applied Genetics. 4, 1997, 1072-1077
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The present investigation was conducted during 2010/2011 and 2011/2012
growing seasons at Karahta station for field crops research, General
Commission for Scientific Agricultural Researches (G.C.S.A.R.), Syria. Forty
five hybrids F1 produced using
a half diallel cross among ten bread wheat
(Triticum aestivum L.) genotypes, in 2010/2011 season, were evaluated during
2011/2012 season in order to study som of the genetic parameters for grain
yield per plant, its components, some morphophysiological and quality traits to
determine the basic criteria for selection.
This study was carried out in 2009-2011, in the laboratories of science faculty -
Tishreen University. The seeds of three genotypes: Sham8, Sakha8,AUS 29639 of bread
wheat were planted in hydroponic cultures irrigated with Hoagland liquid in a grow
th
chamber to compare the effect of three salt concentrations (0, 100,200 mm of NaCl) on
proline and carbohydrate contents in three growth stages 21, 28, 35 of the experiment.
There was an increase of proline and carbohydrate contents in all cultivars with
increased salinity during the three growth stages of plants. Proline contents increased in
Sham8 with low rates compare with Sakha8, AUS 29639. It increased in Sakha8 with the
increase of salinity which reached 348% in the third growth stage in concentration 200 mm
NaCl, while Proline concentration reached the highest value in AUS 29639 (524%). The
carbohydrate content reached the highest value in Sakha8 in NaCl concentration 200 in the
first growth stage (238070%) compared with the control, and (204.34%) in third stage in
NaCl concentration 200mM compare with the control.
The results of the study indicate the superiority of Sakha8, AUS 29639 in salt
tolerance through accumulating suitable rates of proline and carbohydrates. AUS 29639
was more resistant to salt stress than Sakha8. We may use these results later in other
physiological and genetical studies.
A population of soft wheat which lives naturally on the edges of saline Ain
Malilah’s Sebkha, located to the southeast of Qasantina from the east of Algeria,
and four varieties i.e. HD1220, ARZ, AS and ANF, to evaluate their performance
under seve
ral abiotic stresses conditions, and to study their response to fertilization,
based on some phenological, morphological, chemical characteristics such as: Life
cycle (from cultivation until the appearance of 1/4 spikes), germination potentiality,
tellering, leaf area, total chlorophyll content, relative water content, carbohydrates
content.
Twenty four genotypes were tested for grain yield in four diverse locations
over two seasons i.e. 2005-06 and 2006-07. The genetic material contained 19
promising lines and five checks representing the local and improved cultivars
for Zoon B (250-
350 mm/year) in Syria. The results showed the significant role
of the genotype by environment interaction of crossover type in the
performance of the genotypes studied and their ranking across test
environments.
The largest portion of the variance due to GE interaction was
attributed to genotype by season GS and Genotype by location by season GLS
interactions which revealed the importance of selection for yield stability in
addition to average yield across environments.
This study was carried out at the Faculty of Agriculture, Damascus
University, and ACSAD during the year 2001 – 2002 in order to assess the
genetic variability of twenty wheat genotypes for osmotic stress tolerance by
using PEG-6000 as a water str
ess induced tool. This trial aimed to develop
a semi-natural rapid and effective screening technique in which the optimum
induction as well as lethal levels of osmotic stress are well defined .
The results revealed that the treatments –0.4 MPa and –1.5 MPa were the
optimum induction and lethal levels of osmotic stress, respectively.
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