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Register a new userEvaluation the Response of Some Wheat Genotypes at Seedling Stage to Water Stress
تقويم استجابة بعض الطرز الوراثية من القمح ( .spp Triticum ) للإجهاد المائي في طور البادرة
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نفذت هذه الدراسة في مخابر كلية الزارعة في جامعة دمشق و المركز العربي (أكساد) خـلال العـام 2001 – 2002 م بهدف سبر التباين الوراثي في استجابة عشرين طرزاً وراثياً مـن القمـح للإجهـاد المائي (stress water induced 6000-PEG) باعتماد أسلوب غربلة مخبري. هدفت التجربة إلى تطوير تقانة غربلة سريعة و فعالة، يتحدد فيها كل من المستويين المحرض و المميت الأمثل من الإجهاد المائي. بينت نتائج الدراسة أن المعاملة MPa 4.0 – كانت بمنزلة المستوى المحرض الأمثل، في حين كانت المعاملة MPa 5.1 – المستوى المميت الأمثل.
This study was carried out at the Faculty of Agriculture, Damascus University, and ACSAD during the year 2001 – 2002 in order to assess the genetic variability of twenty wheat genotypes for osmotic stress tolerance by using PEG-6000 as a water stress induced tool. This trial aimed to develop a semi-natural rapid and effective screening technique in which the optimum induction as well as lethal levels of osmotic stress are well defined . The results revealed that the treatments –0.4 MPa and –1.5 MPa were the optimum induction and lethal levels of osmotic stress, respectively.
References used
Aesawy, A. M. (2000). Periodicity and prediction of annual surface air temperature over eastern Mediterranean. Bulgarian Journal of Meteorology and hydrology. Vol. 11, No. 1-2, pp. 36-45
Al-Ouda, A. (1999). Genetic variability in temperature and moisture stress tolerance among sunflower hybrids : An assessment based on physiological and biochemical parameters. Ph. D. thesis submitted to Crop Physiology Dept., UAS, Bangalore, India
Boubaker. M.; Yamada, T. (1995). Differential genotypic responses of spring wheat at early seedling growth to limited water conditions. Tropicultura vol. 3 (2) P. 50 – 53
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This research was conducted at Izraa research station of The General
Commission for Scientific Agricultural Research during the growing season
2010/2011 to study the performance of six durum wheat varieties at early
growth stage under water defici
t stress. The experiment was designed using
randomized complete block design with three replication. The statistical
analysis results of the experiment clearly showed genetic variations among
cultivars under water stress. Drought stress caused a depression in all studied
traits. Mean yield decreased in average 31.7 %. The number of spiks/ m2 was
the most trait affected by drought stress, It decreased in average 29.1% while
biological yield decreased in average 24.26%. It was observed that the number
of spikes per m2 was the highest in the variety Hourani (191) and the highest
number of grain per spike (34.1) whereas the variety Bohouth7 and the variety
hourani recorded the highest thousand grain weight (40.5 g). The statistical
analysis results showed that the variety Cha5 a achieved the highest grain yield
per m2 (239.4 g), whereas, the variety Bohouth7 recorded the lowest grain yield
per m2 (182.8 g), under water deficit stress conditions.
This research was conducted in Abo Jarash farm (College of Agriculture,
Damascus University) in 2009/2010. Fifteen strains of durum wheat contrived
by ACSAD and ICARDA were studied, the productivity and its main
components were compared with four
certified varieties of durum wheat in
Syria. The experiment was designed in complete randomized block design with
three replicants. The results showed the presence of significant differences
between the strains in most of the studied traits, and the strains derived from
ACSAD were featured in the performance under the experiment condition.
And those strains were characterized by the early heading, and maturity
comparing with the wildly cultivated varieties in Syria and some of them were
super or in grain production as Acsad 1311, Acsad 1327, Acsad 357(3648.36,
2988.75, 2884.80 kg/ha). The results confirmed the importance of the some
components of productivity, weight of thousand grain, number of spikes, And
plant length which were correlated positively with the productivity in unit area.
Eleven genotypes of Bread Wheat (Triticum aestivum L.) were tested at three diverse
locations in the Syrian Coast during the 2015-2016 season under rain-fed conditions to
assess these genotypes and to study the Genotypes x Environments Interactions
, and yield
stability across environments using 5 statistical measures of stability:{ X¯i, bi, and i
according to Eberhart and Russell (1966), Stability Variance Index (2
i) according to
Wricke and Weber (1980), Ecovalance Stability Index (Wi) according to Wricke (1962)}.
Genetic material included 5 promising lines and 6 local varieties (provided by ACSAD and
GCSAR).The experiment was designed using randomized complete block design with
three replications, statistical data analysis was done, and least significant difference
(L.S.D) test at 5% was applied for comparison of means. Significant differences were
observed among bread wheat genotypes for grain yield (ton/ha), combined analysis of
variance of grain yield across the three environments showed significant mean squares due
to genotypes, environments and genotypes x environments interaction, suggesting
differential responses of genotypes across studied environments and validity of stability
analysis.
Stability analysis for grain yield revealed that; the promising line ACSAD-1147 and
Doma6 were more stable than other genotypes. Due to they had superior ranks for both
average yield over environments and yield stability, which reveals the importance of these
genotypes to reach varieties that combine relatively high yield and better stability in any
future breeding programs.
A laboratory experiment was conducted during 2002-003. The purpose was
to develop an effective and rapid screening tool to assess the genetic variability
for the response of some local barley varieties to polyethylene glycol- induced
osmotic stres
s at early growth stage. Also this will help to evaluate the relevance
of pre-exposure of barley seedlings to sub-lethal (induction) levels of osmotic
stress. This might enhance the capacity of seedlings to tolerate the lethal levels
of stress.
Several laboratory experiments were conducted to evaluate the response of
ten ACSAD durum and bread wheat landraces to salinity stress tolerance at
seedling stage. The salinity induction response technique was applied to assess
the genetic variabi
lity, and the effect of induction nature in improving the
tolerance to lethal levels of some abiotic stresses (drought and salinity). The
applied screening tool was rapid and efficient in assessing the genetic
variability for the response of studied durum and bread wheat landraces to
salinity stress tolerance.
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