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Register a new userStudy of the Performance of Some Promising Genotypes of Durum Wheat Under Rainfed Condition
أداء بعض الطرز الوراثية المبشرة من القمح القاسي ضمن ظروف الزراعة المطرية
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Damascus University ورقة بحثية
Publication date
2011
fields
Field Crops
and research's language is
العربية
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Shamra Editor
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نُفِّذَ هذا البحث في مزرعة أبو جرش التابعة لكلية الزراعة بجامعة دمشق فـي الموسـم الزراعـي 2009/2010 م، حيث درِستْ خمس عشرة سلالة من القمح القاسي استنبطت من قبل المركز العربـي لدراسات المناطق الجافة و الأراضي القاحلة ACSAD ، و من المركز الـدولي للبحـوث الزراعيـة فـي المناطق الجافة ICARDA ، و قورنت إنتاجية هذه السلالات و مكوناتها الرئيسية مع أربعة أصناف مـن القمح القاسي معتمدة للزراعة في سورية. صممت التجربة بطريقة القطاعات العشوائية الكاملـة بثلاثـة مكررات. بينت النتائج المتوصل إليها وجود تباين معنوي بين السلالات في معظم الصفات المدروسة، و قد كانت السلالات المستنبطة في المركز العربي مميزة في أدائها ضمن ظروف التجربة، كما تميزت سـلالات أكساد بباكوريتها في الإسبال و النضج مقارنة بالأصناف المعتمدة للزراعة الواسعة في سورية، و يتفـوق بعضها في الإنتاجية الحبية مثل أكساد1311 ،أكـساد 1327 ،أكـساد 357 (36.3648 ،75.2988، 80.2884 كغ/هكتار) على التوالي. كما أكدت النتائج أهمية بعض مكونات الغلة كوزن الألف حبة، و عدد الإشطاءات، و خصوبة السنبلة و طول النبات و ارتباطها بعلاقات موجبة بالإنتاجية في وحدة المساحة.
This research was conducted in Abo Jarash farm (College of Agriculture, Damascus University) in 2009/2010. Fifteen strains of durum wheat contrived by ACSAD and ICARDA were studied, the productivity and its main components were compared with four certified varieties of durum wheat in Syria. The experiment was designed in complete randomized block design with three replicants. The results showed the presence of significant differences between the strains in most of the studied traits, and the strains derived from ACSAD were featured in the performance under the experiment condition. And those strains were characterized by the early heading, and maturity comparing with the wildly cultivated varieties in Syria and some of them were super or in grain production as Acsad 1311, Acsad 1327, Acsad 357(3648.36, 2988.75, 2884.80 kg/ha). The results confirmed the importance of the some components of productivity, weight of thousand grain, number of spikes, And plant length which were correlated positively with the productivity in unit area.
Artificial intelligence review:
Research summary
تُجرى هذه الدراسة في مزرعة أبو جرش (كلية الزراعة، جامعة دمشق) خلال موسم 2009/2010. تم دراسة خمسة عشر سلالة من القمح القاسي التي تم تطويرها من قبل أكساد وإيكاردا، وتمت مقارنة إنتاجيتها ومكوناتها الرئيسية مع أربعة أصناف معتمدة من القمح القاسي في سوريا. تم تصميم التجربة بنظام القطاعات العشوائية الكاملة بثلاث مكررات. أظهرت النتائج وجود فروق معنوية بين السلالات في معظم الصفات المدروسة، وتميزت السلالات المشتقة من أكساد بأداء جيد تحت ظروف التجربة. وتميزت هذه السلالات بالتبكير في التسنبل والنضج مقارنة بالأصناف المزروعة على نطاق واسع في سوريا، وكان بعضها متفوقاً في إنتاج الحبوب مثل أكساد 1311، أكساد 1327، وأكساد 357 (3648.36، 2988.75، 2884.80 كجم/هكتار). أكدت النتائج أهمية بعض مكونات الإنتاجية مثل وزن ألف حبة، وعدد السنابل، وطول النبات، والتي كانت مرتبطة إيجابياً بالإنتاجية في وحدة المساحة.
Critical review
دراسة نقدية: تعتبر هذه الدراسة مهمة في مجال تحسين إنتاجية القمح القاسي تحت ظروف الزراعة البعلية، حيث تقدم معلومات قيمة حول أداء السلالات المختلفة. ومع ذلك، يمكن تحسين الدراسة من خلال تضمين تحليل أعمق للعوامل البيئية التي قد تؤثر على النتائج، مثل التربة والمناخ. كما يمكن توسيع نطاق الدراسة لتشمل مواسم زراعية متعددة لتحسين دقة النتائج. بالإضافة إلى ذلك، يمكن أن تكون هناك حاجة لمزيد من التحليل الاقتصادي لتقييم جدوى زراعة هذه السلالات على نطاق واسع.
Questions related to the research
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ما هي السلالات التي أظهرت أفضل أداء في الدراسة؟
السلالات التي أظهرت أفضل أداء هي أكساد 1311، أكساد 1327، وأكساد 357.
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ما هو تصميم التجربة المستخدم في الدراسة؟
تم تصميم التجربة بنظام القطاعات العشوائية الكاملة بثلاث مكررات.
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ما هي المكونات الرئيسية للإنتاجية التي تم دراستها؟
المكونات الرئيسية للإنتاجية التي تم دراستها تشمل وزن ألف حبة، عدد السنابل، وطول النبات.
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ما هي الفروق المعنوية التي تم ملاحظتها بين السلالات؟
تم ملاحظة فروق معنوية بين السلالات في معظم الصفات المدروسة، بما في ذلك التبكير في التسنبل والنضج.
References used
Cattivell L.; Baldi P.; Crosatti C.; Grossi M.; Vale G.; Stanca A. M. (2002)- Genetic bases of barley physiological response to stressful conditions. In: Barley Science: Recent advances from molecular biology to agronomy of yield and quality, Slafer, G. A., J. L. Molina-Cano, R. Savin, J.L. Araus, and I. Romagosa. Food Products press, an Imprint of the Haworth Press, Inc. New York. pp. 307-360
Deshmukh. P. W., S. B. Atale, P. W. Korgade, and D. G. Vitkare. (1990). Evaluation of some yield contributing characters under rainfed irrigated condition in durum wheat. Annals of Plant Physiological. 4(1): 80-85
Duwayri, M., and M. M. Nachit. (1989). Utilization of durum wheat(Triticum turgidum L. var. durum). Landraces to improve yield and yield stability in dry areas. Wheat Information Service. 69: 5-8
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A field experiment was conducted at two environmentally different locations
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under rainfed conditions during the growing season of 2011-2012 in order to
study in the response
of some quantitative traits and determine the yield under
drought conditions. The experiment was laid out according to the factorial
complete randomized block design with three replicates for each genotype.
Significant genetic variation was found in the response of barley genotypes to
water stress. The performance of all genotypes was significantly superior in the
less dry region (Izra’a-Daraa) compared to the more dry one (Abo jarash-
Damascus) for all the examined parameters. Results revealed that the number
of grains per spike was significantly higher in most lines compared to Arabi
Abiad and Arabi Aswad, and the number of grains per spike was significantly
higher in the line29 (43.17 grain per spike). The number of grains per m2 was
significantly higher in line29,line64, Arabi Abiad and line14 (11177, 10809, 10802,
10744 grains per m2), respectively. The mean grain yield was significantly
higher in the line64, line14 and Arabi Abiad. (479.3, 476 and 443 gram per m-2),
respectively. Harvest index was significantly higher in all lines compared to
Arabi Abiad and Arabi Aswad.
The performance of some barley genotypes was evaluated under rain-fed
conditions in Dara'a (Izra'a) during two successive growing seasons (2009-2010/
2010-2011) in order to determine the most relevant physiological traits, which
are genetically as
sociated with drought tolerance and grain yield. The trial was
laid out according to the factorial complete randomized block design, with
three replicates. The leaf area index (LAI) was significantly lower in the wild
relatives compared with the varieties and land races. Relative water content
was significantly higher during the second growing season (87.19%) compared
with the first one (71.57%). Solute leakage was significantly lower during the
second growing season (69.50%) compared with the first growing season
(76.49%). It was noticed that the genotypes which have achieved significantly
higher grain yields, could also maintain significantly higher relative water
content in the leaves, (Acsad176, Acsad1182 and Acsad60), and were superior in
maintaining membrane integrity, and leaf area index, indicating the
importance of such traits in improving drought tolerance and maintaining
production capacity.
The research was conducted at Abo-Jarash farm, faculty of
agriculture, Damascus university during the two growing season
2011-2012 and 2012-2013 in order to evaluate genetic variability of
some lentils genotypes based on some physiological and
productivity traits associated with drought tolerance. The
experiment was laid out according to factorial randomized complete
block design with three replications.
A field experiment was conducted during the two consecutive growing seasons
(2010/2011 and 2011/2012) at Ezra’ Research Station/Deraa/Syria in order to evaluate the
role of some agricultural practices in improving the performance of four wheat vari
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(Acsad1105, Acsad1229, Acsad885 and Acsad901) under rainfed conditions. The experiment
was laid according to factorial randomized complete block-split design with three
replications. The mean average of early vigor, flag leaf area, peduncle length and leaf area
index was significantly higher during the first growing season for the wheat variety
(Acsad901) at the first planting date with a nitrogen amount of (150 kgN. Hectar1), and
when nitrogen fertilizers were added twice (1.6-2.5, 53.4cm2, 16.3cm, 1.20 respectively).
The mean average of the same studied aspects, however, was significantly lower during the
second growing season in the case of the variety Acsad855 with regards to the early vigor,
as well as in the case of the variety Acsad1129 in the case of the leaf area Flag at a late
planting date, and without nitrogen fertilizers (3.6 4.5, 3.3 cm, 0.18, 16.6 cm2
respectively). The mean average of the grain yield was significantly higher during the first
growing season for two wheat varieties (Acsad901, Acsad1229) at the first planting date,
nitrogen rate 200 kgN. Ha-1, and when nitrogen fertilizers were added twice (660.4, 631.1
g.m-2 respectively), while it was significantly lower during the second growing season for
the variety Acsad1105, at a late planting date, and without nitrogen fertilizers (127 g.m-2).
Optimizing some important cultural practices helps increasing wheat grain yield by
improving morpho-physiological traits related to yield particularly the size of source
photo synthise (Leaf Area Index, Flag leaf area). The response of astivum wheat variety
was better compared to durum wheat. This shows the importance of improving crop
mangment factors in order to reach the maximum potential yield.
Twelve genotypes were tested for grain yield in three diverse
locations seasons 2013-2014 and 2014-2015. The genetic
material contained 7 promising lines and five checks
representing the local and improved cultivars durum wheat for
Zoon (A, B) in Syria.
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