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Effect of Mineral Fertilization Rates and Method of Triple Superphosphate Application on Some Chemical Properties of Berry of the Grapevine Cultivar, Al-Helwani

تأثير معدلات التسميد المعدني و طريقة إضافة الفوسفات في بعض الصفات الكيميائية لثمار العنب صنف حلواني

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 Publication date 2010
  fields Soil And Water
and research's language is العربية
 Created by Shamra Editor




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The research experiment was carried out during the 2007, 2008 and 2009 seasons on grape variety Al- Helwani (10 years old) to study the effect of NPK fertilization rates and the triple superphosphate (T.S.P) application method on some fruits characters.Three fertilization NPK rates were used, rate 1 (75:25:50) kg/ ha, twofold and fourfold of rate 1, in three replicates in addition to control. The application of (T.S.P) was on soil surface and at 30 cm depth. The results showed significant increase of the total soluble solids (TSS), pH and vitamin C compared to control. while the content of TSS in juice increased by 40.9%, 44.6%, 50.3% in the three rates, respectively, compared to control, pH increased from 5.45 in control to 5.92; 5.89; 5.73 in the three rates, respectively, in turn, significant decrease in total acidity (TA) was noted by 15.3, 11.1 and 42.8%, in the three rates, respectively, compared to control. ASignificant increase of (TSS) by 2.5% and vitamin C by 10 % in deep T.S.P application compared to the surface application, on the other hand, (TA) decreased significantly by 4.2%, while, there was no significant differences in pH, in both treatments.


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Research summary
تتناول الدراسة تأثير معدلات التسميد المعدني وطريقة إضافة الفوسفات الثلاثي الفائق (T.S.P) على بعض الخصائص الكيميائية لثمار عنب العنب من صنف الحلواني. أجريت التجربة خلال مواسم 2007 و2008 و2009 على عنب الحلواني البالغ من العمر 10 سنوات. تم استخدام ثلاث معدلات تسميد NPK: المعدل 1 (75:25:50) كجم/هكتار، والمعدل المضاعف، والمعدل الرباعي، بالإضافة إلى مجموعة ضابطة. تم تطبيق الفوسفات الثلاثي الفائق على سطح التربة وعلى عمق 30 سم. أظهرت النتائج زيادة معنوية في المواد الصلبة الذائبة الكلية (TSS)، ودرجة الحموضة (pH)، وفيتامين C مقارنة بالمجموعة الضابطة. زادت نسبة TSS بنسبة 40.9%، 44.6%، و50.3% في المعدلات الثلاثة على التوالي مقارنة بالمجموعة الضابطة. ارتفعت درجة الحموضة من 5.45 في المجموعة الضابطة إلى 5.92، 5.89، و5.73 في المعدلات الثلاثة على التوالي. في المقابل، لوحظ انخفاض معنوي في الحموضة الكلية (TA) بنسبة 15.3%، 11.1%، و42.8% في المعدلات الثلاثة على التوالي مقارنة بالمجموعة الضابطة. كما أظهرت النتائج زيادة معنوية في TSS بنسبة 2.5% وفيتامين C بنسبة 10% عند تطبيق الفوسفات الثلاثي الفائق في العمق مقارنة بالتطبيق السطحي، بينما انخفضت الحموضة الكلية بنسبة 4.2% بشكل معنوي، ولم تكن هناك فروق معنوية في درجة الحموضة بين الطريقتين.
Critical review
دراسة نقدية: تعتبر هذه الدراسة مهمة لفهم تأثير التسميد المعدني وطريقة إضافة الفوسفات على خصائص ثمار العنب، إلا أن هناك بعض النقاط التي يمكن تحسينها. أولاً، كان من الأفضل تضمين تحليل اقتصادي لتكلفة الفوسفات الثلاثي الفائق مقارنة بالعوائد المحققة من تحسين جودة الثمار. ثانياً، لم تتناول الدراسة تأثير هذه المعاملات على التربة على المدى الطويل، وهو جانب مهم يجب أخذه بعين الاعتبار لضمان استدامة الزراعة. أخيراً، كان من الممكن توسيع نطاق الدراسة لتشمل أصناف أخرى من العنب لتعميم النتائج بشكل أفضل.
Questions related to the research
  1. ما هو تأثير معدلات التسميد NPK على نسبة المواد الصلبة الذائبة الكلية (TSS) في ثمار العنب؟

    أظهرت النتائج زيادة معنوية في نسبة المواد الصلبة الذائبة الكلية (TSS) بنسبة 40.9%، 44.6%، و50.3% في المعدلات الثلاثة على التوالي مقارنة بالمجموعة الضابطة.

  2. كيف أثرت طريقة إضافة الفوسفات الثلاثي الفائق على فيتامين C في ثمار العنب؟

    أظهرت النتائج زيادة معنوية في فيتامين C بنسبة 10% عند تطبيق الفوسفات الثلاثي الفائق في العمق مقارنة بالتطبيق السطحي.

  3. ما هي التغيرات التي طرأت على درجة الحموضة (pH) في ثمار العنب نتيجة لمعدلات التسميد المختلفة؟

    ارتفعت درجة الحموضة من 5.45 في المجموعة الضابطة إلى 5.92، 5.89، و5.73 في المعدلات الثلاثة على التوالي.

  4. هل كان هناك تأثير معنوي لطريقة إضافة الفوسفات الثلاثي الفائق على الحموضة الكلية (TA) في ثمار العنب؟

    نعم، لوحظ انخفاض معنوي في الحموضة الكلية (TA) بنسبة 4.2% عند تطبيق الفوسفات الثلاثي الفائق في العمق مقارنة بالتطبيق السطحي.


References used
Abou Nuqta F. 1995: Enviromental Impact of Fertilizeres Use in Syria Proc. seminar production and Use of chemical fertilizers and environment, Al Foully (red) NRC. Cairo. рр 35-50
A. 0. A. C. (1990). Association of Official Analytical Chemists. 2, 6, Dichloroindophenol titrimetric method. U . S . A . method No, 967 -21
Boublena, L. U. (1960). Fertilization role in grape quality. Keshenyov. (in Russ). P.586
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