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Register a new userThe effect of sulphur dioxide (SO2) and drying methods in chemical and bioactive indicators and antioxidant activity in local yellowish Baladi grape
تأثير المعاملة بثاني أوكسيد الكبريت (SO2) و طرائق التجفيف في المؤشرات الكيميائية و الحيوية و النشاط المضاد للأكسدة لثمار العنب البلدي المصفر
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نُفّذت الدراسة في مخابر كلية الزراعة بجامعة دمشق خلال الموسم 2012 .عرضت عناقيـد العنـب صنف بلدي مصفر لغاز ثاني أوكسيد الكبريت SO2 بتركيز (2000 Ppm) مدة ثلاث ساعات، ثم جففـت بطرائق تجفيف مختلفة (شمسياً و حرارياً و بواسطة الطاقة الشمسية- البيت الزجاجي) إلى محتوى رطوبي لا يزيد على 18 % لدراسة تأثيرها في بعض المؤشرات الكيميائية (السكريات الكليـة، pH ،الحموضـة، المواد الصلبة الذائبة، الاسمرار اللاإنزيمي)، و بعض مضادات الأكسدة (حمـض الأسـكوربيك، الفينـولات الكلية)، و النشاط المضاد للأكسدة وفق طريقة تثبيط الجذور الحرة DPPH للعنب الطازج المعامـل بغـاز الكبريت و العنب المجفف. أظهرت النتائج تفوق (p > 05.0) طريقة التجفيف بالطاقـة الشمـسية لثمـار العنب المعاملة بغاز SO2 بتركيز (2000 Ppm) في المحافظة على فيتامين C) 17.7 ملـغ/100غ وزن جاف)، بينما تفوقت (p > 05.0) ثمار العنب المجففة حرارياً و المعاملة بغاز SO2 فـي المحتـوى مـن الفينولات الكلية (24.7 ملغ حمض جاليك/100غ وزن جاف). كما أبدت عينات العنـب المجففـة شمـسياً و غير المعاملة بغاز SO2 تزايداً ملحوظاً بنشاطها المضاد للأكسدة الذي بلغ 42.82 % كما تشير النتـائج أيضاً إلى أهمية المعاملة بغاز SO2 المسبقة لثمار العنب في خفض الزمن اللازم لإتمام عمليـة التجفيـف (p > 05.0) و لاسيما طريقة التجفيف الحراري إلى (137 ساعة) مقارنة بالمعاملات الأخرى.
This study was carried out in the laboratories of the Faculty of Agriculture, Damascus University in 2012 season. Clusters of local yellowish baladi grape exposed to the concentration (2000 Ppm) of gas SO2 for 3 hours were dried to moisture content not exceeded 18% by different drying methods (sun drying, heat drying, solar energy-green house) in the aim of determining their effect on some chemical indices (total sugar, pH, acidity, solid soluble, non enzymatic browning), some antioxidants (vitamin C, total phenols) and antioxidant activity according to 2,2-diphenyl-1-picrylhydrazyl (DPPH) radical scavenging assay. The results showed superiority (p<0.05) of the way solar drying of the fruits of the grape-treatment with gas SO2 to maintain vitamin C (7.17 mg/ 100 g dry weight) while outperformed the fruits of grapes dried with heat treatment and gas SO2 in content of phenols (7.24 mg acid Gaelic/ 100 g dry weight). Results also showed that samples of grapes dried solar and non-treated with gas SO2 noticeable increase in its activity in the antioxidant, which amounted to 82.42%. The results confirmed that the importance of treatment with gas SO2 prior to the fruits of grapes in reducing (p<0.05) the time required to complete the drying process, especially in the way of thermal drying to (137 hours) compared with other transactions.
References used
AOAC. 2000. Association of official analytical chemists, official methods of analysis, 17th Ed, Washington DC, 1-43
AOAC. 2005. Determination of moisture, ash, protein and fat. Official methods of analysis. 18th Ed. Association of official analytical chemists, washington, DC
Asami, D. K., Y. J. Hong, D. M. Barrett and A.E. Mitchell. 2003. Comparison of the total phenol and ascorbic acid content of freeze – dried and air dried Marino berry, strawberry and corn grown using conventional, organic and sustainable agricultural practices. Journal of Agricultural and Food Chemistry, 51(5):1237-1241
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In this research, the
antioxidant capacity(DPPH method), and total phenolic content (assayed
by Folin-Ciocalteu method), ,flavonoids, anthocyanins (pH differential
method) and ascorbic acids(2,6-dichlorophenol indophenol) in three fruit
tissues (
peel, pulp and whole fruit), of four apple cultivars commonly in
Syria(Red Delicious, Rome Beauty, Starking Delicious, Golden
Delicious), were studied.
The antioxidant activity of pomegranate juices extracted by two methods
was determined using three methods: β- carotene, Linoleic acid emulsion, and
DiPhenel Picryl Hydrazyl (DPPH). The juice was extracted by separation arils
from fruits and squee
zed using Cyclone machine (T-1), while the second
extraction method included squeezing the whole halve fruit with previous
machine, (T-2). The potential compounds were determined using ethanol in a
comparison with Butylated hydroxyl Anisole (BHA) as reference antioxidant.
There were significant differences (P<0.05) in the antioxidant activity between
the treatments in all measuring methods. The means of antioxidant activity
amounted to 82.66% in T-1, 86.82% in T-2 and 86.98% in BHA. There was
significant relationship between total phenols and antioxidant activity in all
treatments.
Classified locality Yeasts have been culturing in plantology
department at the Faculty of Science-University of Damascus,
from genera of Pichia, Candida, Geotrichum, Rhodotorula, Phaffia
on solid Czhapek agar medium, and after incubated in appropr
iate
conditions their colonies showed evidence of different colors to
produce a variety of pigments. Then it cultured in liquid Czhapek
medium to increase biomass and the genera producing
endocellular pigment separated from the medium by filtration with
added ethanol on them and blasting cells by ultrasonic waves to
get a pigment, while the genera producing exocellular pigment is
separated about the liquid medium also by filtration but the solvent
was added to the medium containing the pigment.
The main properties(yield of juice, total soluble solid, pH, total acidity, total
sugars), some antioxisant compounds as (vitamin C, carotenoids, total phenol,
anthocyanins), and antioxidant activity measured by DPPH method for some
main Syrian or
ange cultivars (navel, valancia, blood orange, and shamouti)
were investigated. The results showed that valancia was the highest in juice
yield (55.16%), while navel had the highest content of carotenoids(8.68mg/100g)
and the lowest one of vitamin C(31.53mg/100g). Whereas, blood orange was
superior in its content of total phenolic (295.73 mg gallic acid100/g) and
antioxidant activity, (74.833%) among the studied cultivars.
نفذ البحث خلال الفترة 2013-2016 م في كلية الزراعة بجامعة دمشق , بهدف دراسة تأثير المعاملة ببعض المواد الكيميائية والطبيعية ( 1- ميثيل سكلو بروبان , ونتروبروسيد الصوديوم , الشيتوزان , وأمينوفينل علايسين , والميثيل جاسمونات , وفيتامين E ) في القدرة الت
خزينية لثمار البندورة ( الهجين Tala ) وصفاتها البيوكيميائية ( نسبة المواد الصلبة الذائبة TSS ونسبة الحموضة القاتلة للمعايرة TA ) والفيزيائية ( الصلابة ونسبة الفقد بالوزن والفقد المطلق ومؤشرات اللون ) ومعايير الأكسدة ومضادات الأكسدة .
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