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Register a new userEvaluating the productivity of common carp farmed in the floating -cages in 16 Tishreen lake between 1995 and 2004
تقييم إنتاجية مزرعة سد 16 تشرين لاستزراع الكارب الشائع في الأقفاص العائمة خلال الفترة /1995-2004/
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Tishreen University ورقة بحثية
Publication date
2014
fields
Animal Production
and research's language is
العربية
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Shamra Editor
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هدفت الدراسة الحالية إلى تقييم إنتاجية مزرعة سد 16 تشرين لاستزراع أسماك الكارب في الأقفاص العائمة التابعة للهيئة العامة للثروة السمكية خلال الفترة ( 1995-2004) بهدف الاطلاع على سير العملية الإنتاجية في المزرعة بشكل عام. بينت الدراسة أن كمية العلف المقدمة لأسماك الكارب بلغت خلال عام 1998 حوالي 5000 طن، في حين كانت حوالي 370 طن خلال عام 1995. أما نسبة البروتين في الخلطة العلفية المقدمة فقد بلغت أعلى قيمة لها في عام 2000 و كانت 33.71% و كانت أدنى قيمة لها في عام 1997 و بلغت 27%. كما بلغ عدد الإصبعيات المزروعة أعلى قيمة له في عام 2004 إذ بلغ 283000 إصبعية و أقل قيمة كانت في عام 1999 و بلغت 200550 إصبعية فقط. أما كثافة الإصبعيات في القفص فقد بلغت أعلى قيمة 115.387 إصبعية/م³ عام 1995 في حين كانت أدنى قيمة لها عام 2003 و بلغت 90.355 إصبعية/م³. كما بينت نتائج الدراسة أن المزرعة المدروسة كانت خاسرة في عامي 1995 و 1998 و ذلك نتيجة تدوير الأسماك (تشتيتها) من عام سابق بينما كانت رابحة في بقية أعوام الدراسة. كما دلت النتائج أن المزرعة المدروسة قد تجاوزت بشكل ناجح الكثير من المشاكل التي اعترضتها، إذ حققت بعض الأرباح في سنوات عديدة مع الأخذ بعين الاعتبار بأن الهدف الرئيس للمزرعة المدروسة هو المساهمة في تأمين جزء من احتياجات السوق المحلية من أسماك المياه العذبة وتوفير فرص عمل للسكان المحليين.
This study aimed at evaluating the productivity of common carp (Cyprinus carpio L.) farmed in the floating-cages in the 16 Tishreen Dam between 1995 and 2004. The results showed that the feed amount was about (5000 tons) in 1998, while it was about (370 tons) in 1995. The proportion of protein reached 33.71% in 2000 and 28% in 1996. The number of carp fingerlings was 283000 in 4440 and 200550 in 1999. The fingerlings intensity in the cage was 115.387 fingerlings / m³ in 1995 and 90.355 fingerlings / m³ in 2003. The results also showed that the studied farm was not profitable in 1995 and 1998 because of fish over-wintering, while it was in the remaining years. These results indicate that the studied farm has successfully overcomed many of the problems and it was gainful in many years. However, the main aim of the studied farm is providing the local market by freshwater fish and offering many job opportunities.
References used
Effendie, I.؛ Nirmala, K. ؛ Saputra, U H. ؛ Kurokura , H. Water Quality fluctuations under floating net cages for fish culture in lake Cirata and its impact .2005
Horvath, L. Egg development (oogenesis) in the common carp (Cyprinus carpio L.). In: J. Muir and R.J. Roberts (eds.), Recent advances in aquaculture. Volume 2, Croom Helm, London and Sidney, Westview Press, Boulder, Colorado,1985,31-77
Kestemont, P. Different systems of carp production and their impacts on the environment. Aquaculture.1995, 347-372
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A total of 30 water samples and 45 infected fish (carp, Cyprinus carpio) were
collected from freshwater fish farm (Dam of 16 Tishreen-Lattakia) and
analysed bacteriological. Macroscopic examinations of infected fish had showed
the presence of haem
orrhagic skin lesions with brown or red spots throughout
their skin. A total of 64 Aeromonas strains were isolated. The Aeromonas
isolates were distributed as follows: Aeromonas hydrophila (34, 53%), A. caviae
(16, 25%), A. sobria (9, 14%) and (5, 8%) of unidentified aeromonads.
Collectively, Aeromonas spp. are considered as opportunistic causative agents
of human gastroenteritis and other infections. Antibiotic susceptibility tests
were carried on all strains of isolated Aeromonas spp. using twenty different
antibiotics by agar disk diffusion method.
The research aims to determine the water Quality Index for the Lake of 16 Tishreen Dam. To achieve
this aim, we have carried out different periodical physic-chemical and bacterial measurements on the lake
water. The samples were taken at five sites
along the lake for a period of one complete year. The indicators
that have been measured are: Temperature, Turbidity, PH, EC, DO, BOD5, NO3, NO2, NH4 ,PO4, F.C.
Measurement results were represented diagrammatically, and compared with the Syrian Specification
Standards for portable Water. The lake was classed according to these Indices: Malays quality index,
Canadian Indices (NSFWQI), (NEWWQI). The Lake was Classed according to these indices as following:
from third grade at all locations (Malays Index), from second grade at the middle lake and from a third grade
to all other locations (NSFWQI), and from second grade at all locations (NEWWQI). According to this
indices the water is not good for drinking and needs treatment. The Productivity of the lake was determined.
The Lake is Eutrophic according to TN,TP in the middle but Hypertrophic according to TN,TP in all other
locations.
The study included 144 Free – living fish from the Lake of 16 Tishreen Dam, collected randomly during the period from 12/2011 until 11/2012, on monthly basis to detect the infection with Epistylis sp. and determine its distribution rate.
Fish sam
ples were: Cyprinus carpio L., Varicorhinus damascinus, Garra rufus, Tilapia zilli, and Liza abu. Tilapia zilli was the most prevalent in the lake of 16 Tishreen Dam.
The study revealed fish infection with Epistylis sp. on free – living fish in the Lake, with a total infection rate 22.22 % , mainly on Tilapia zillii (29.70 %) and then on mullet (2%);No infection with Epistylis sp. Was recorded on the other fish species. The infection with this ecto Epistylis sp. was recorded for the first time in Syria in our study.
The infection with Epistylis sp. was located on the skin, fins and gills. The highest infection rate was on the fins ( 42.34 %) , followed by skin (37.46 %) , and then by gills (1.87 %) .
The infection with Epistylis sp. had the highest rate in summer ; i.e. during high temperature , low concentration of dissolved oxygen , and slightly high value of BOD.
The study showed that, the water of 16 Tishreen Dam is relatively clean.
The study included 132 Free – living fish in Lake of 16 Tishreen Dam,
collected randomly during the period from 22/11/2011 until 22/10/2012, on
average once a month, for detecting the infection of parasitic copepoda, and
determine the distribution rate, and their effect on the fish productivity.
The evaluation of surface water resources is a necessary input to solving water
management problems, which includes finding a relationship between precipitation and
runoff, and this relationship is a high degree of complexity. The rain of the most
important
factors that greatly effect on rivers discharge, and process to prediction of these flows must
take this factor into account, and much of the attention and study, artificial neural networks
and is considered one of the most modern methods in terms of accuracy results in linking
these multiple factors and highly complex. In order to predict the runoff contained daily to
Lake Dam Tishreen 16 in Latakia, the subject of our research, the application of different
models of artificial neural networks (ANN), was the previous input flows and rain.
Divided the data set for the period between (2006-2012) into two sets: training and
test, has been processing the data before using them as inputs to the neural network using
Discrete Wavelet Transform technique, to get rid of the maximum values and the values of
zero, where t the analysis of time series at three levels of accuracy before they are used
sub- series resulting as inputs to the Feed Forward ANN that depend back-propagation
algorithm for training.
The results indicated that with the structural neural network (1-2-6) Wavelet-ANN
model, are the best in the representation of the characteristics studied and best able to
predict runoff daily contained to Lake Dam Tishreen 16 for a day in advance, where he
reached the correlation coefficient the root of the mean of squared-errors (R2 = 0.96,
RMSE = 1.97m3 / sec), respectively.
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