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Register a new userThe Shari'ah Control and its Role in Evaluating the Performance of Islamic Banks in Syria According to the Islamic Shari'ah
الرقابة الشرعية و دورها في تقويم الأداء الشرعي للمصارف الإسلامية العاملة في سورية
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قامت المصارف الإسلامية باعتبارها البديل الشرعي للمصارف التقليدية, و لهذا يعدّ وجود رقابة شرعية أمراً ضرورياً للمصارف الإسلامية. و تعود أهمية الرقابة الشرعية إلى دورها في بيان الأحكام الشرعية للمعاملات المصرفية, و التأكد من مدى التزام المصرف بها, بما يضمن إجراء المعاملات كافة ،وفق أحكام الشريعة الإسلامية, و يضمن سلامة و مصداقية المصارف الإسلامية. انطلاقاً من هذه الأهمية يتناول هذا البحث الرقابة الشرعية على المصارف الإسلامية و دورها في تقويم الأداء من الناحية الشرعية. حيث تمَّ التعريف بمفهوم الرقابة الشرعية، هيكلتها، مراحلها, و مشكلاتها, ثم تمَّ تقييم هيئات الرقابة الشرعية و دورها في ضبط الأداء الشرعي للمصارف الإسلامية العاملة في سورية باستخدام مجموعة من المعايير الملائمة. بعد ذلك تمَّ التوصل إلى مجموعة من الاستنتاجات و التوصيات. و من أهم الاستنتاجات أنَّ هيئة الرقابة الشرعية في المصارف الإسلامية العاملة في سورية تمتلك الكثير من المقومات التي تمكنها من أداء دورها في ضبط و تقويم عمل المصارف الإسلامية من الناحية الشرعية. و ذلك من خلال شكل و تكوين الهيئة, و تمتعها بدرجة مقبولة من الاستقلال الإداري و المالي, و من خلال إلزامية قراراتها, و طبيعة المهام الموكلة إليها. و بهذا يعدّ وضع هيئات الرقابة الشرعية في المصارف الإسلامية العاملة في سورية منسجماً إلى حدٍ كبير مع هدفها في ضمان الالتزام التام للمصارف الإسلامية بأحكام الشريعة الإسلامية. و من أبرز التوصيات التي قدمها البحث ضرورة العمل على تلافي السلبيات و النواقص, و توفير المزيد من المقومات و المتطلبات اللازمة لتفعيل الرقابة الشرعية على المصارف الإسلامية, و تمكينها من ضبط و تقويم الأداء الشرعي للمصارف على أكمل وجه.
Islamic banks were created as an Islamic alternative to traditional banks. Hence, the existence of legitimate oversight is considered necessary to Islamic banks. The importance of Shari'ah control is related to its role in a legitimate banking provisions, and ensuring the Bank's commitment, to ensure all transactions are in accordance with the Islamic Shari'ah, and thus ensures the integrity and credibility of Islamic banks. From these importance, this research deals with the Shari'ah control in Islamic banking and its role in evaluating the performance according to the Shari'ah. The concept of Shari'ah control, its structure, stages, and problems were studied. Then the Shari'ah control in Syria and its role in adjust the performance of Islamic banks was evaluated by a set of appropriate standards. At the end, the research drew a set of conclusions and recommendations. One of the most important conclusions is that, the Shari'ah control board in Islamic banks in Syria has many features that enable them to perform its role in controlling and evaluating the work of the Islamic banks in terms of Shari'ah. Through the form and composition of the Commission, having a degree of administrative and financial autonomy, mandatory resolutions, and the nature of the tasks entrusted to it. As a result, Shari'ah control boards in Islamic banks in Syria are considered to be in line with their goal of ensuring full adherence to Islamic Shari'ah. One of the most important recommendations is that, working to avoid shortcomings and deficiencies, providing more features and requirements for activation of Shari'ah control, and enabling it to adjust and correct performance of the Islamic banks.
References used
ALARO, A. A. Shari'ah Supervision as a Challenge for Islamic Banking in Nigeria. Oloyede I.O. (ed.), Al-Adl (The Just): Essays on Islam, Islamic Law and Jurisprudence, Ibadan, Nigeria, 2009, pp. 53-72
التقارير السنوية والتقارير الشرعية للمصارف الإسلامية العاملة في سورية للأعوام 2007 - 2012
بنك سورية الدولي الإسلامي. النظام الأساسي. سورية, 22.
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The study aims to evaluate the financial performance of Islamic banks in Syria by
using financial ratios during the periods (2009_2015), and study the factors affecting on
financial performance of those banks.
This was based on studying the relati
onship between financial performance
evaluation as dependent variable measured by (return on assets, return on equity, return on
deposits, and earnings per share) and the following independent variables (deposits,
investment, liquidity and risk, profitability, and crisis in Syria).
The study employed the methods of Panel Data through estimating Pooled
Regression and Fixed Effects Models.
The study concluded that there is a significant positive relation between the
investment and the bank financial performance evaluation. There is a significant negative
relation between the profitability and the bank financial performance evaluation. And there
is no significant relation between (the deposits, the liquidity and risk, the crises) and the
financial performance evaluation in Islamic banks in Syria.
The study aims to analyze the developmental role of Islamic
banks operating in Syria. To achieve this goal has been set of
financial indicators relating to Islamic banking under study account
(Sham Bank, Syria International Islamic Bank, Al Baraka
Bank)
relating to the ability of these banks to attract savings, employment
of resources, creating value, and its ability to create jobs.
Islamic banks face many contemporary challenges due to the international events,
global transformations, and the attempt to restrict the growth and expansion of Islamic
banks and its extension across the whole world, as well as errors and illegal a
nd banking
breaches that some Islamic banks has committed.
This situation makes it imperative for all the stakeholders, first and foremost the
Committee of Sharia in these banks, and the control exercised by central banks to Islamic
and conventional banks is a paramount, and that such control has increased the efficiency
of Islamic banks. It did not take into account the working conditions of these banks subject
to the provisions of Islamic law (Sharia). Hence, this research is to learn how to exercise
control over the Islamic banks in Syria. The researcher addressed the types of control on
Islamic banks in Syria represented by the internal control and supervision of the Central
Bank and the Shari'a. The researcher presented at the end of this research a set of
conclusions: there are significant differences between the banking control methods
imposed on Commercial and Islamic banks, as well as the existence of legal supervision of
Islamic banks is necessary to ensure that the provisions of the Islamic law.
Eventually, the researcher concludes a set of proposals and recommendations,
including: the need to develop qualitative and quantitative methods to control the work of
the Islamic banks to achieve desired control objectives in improving the performance of
Islamic banks, as well as the need to allocate a separate department within the Central
Bank of Syria, to carry out inspection and control of Islamic banks, while providing the
Department with trained and qualified human resources on Islamic banking.
This study aims to evaluate and compare the financial performance of the Jordanian
Islamic and conventional banks using the five financial indicators of the "CAMEL"
method represented by: Capital Adequacy index, Asset Quality index, Management
Qua
lity index, Profitability index, and the Liquidity index. This comparison will detect
which of the two banks Islamic or Conventional achieves a better performance than the
other. In order to study the reflection of financial performance on customers at the level of
public trust, and to achieve these purposes, we select a total of thirteen Jordanian
Conventional banks and two Islamic banks as a sample for this study during the period of
(2006-2012). We employ a test “t-test” to study the significance of the differences between
the averages of financial ratios and the use of multiple linear regression analysis to show
the impact of financial performance indicators individually and collectively on the level of
public trust. The result of this study clearly shows that Conventional banking achieves a
better financial performance than Islamic banking, although the level of public trust of
customers in Islamic banking stems mainly from its achieved financial performance,
contrary to what has been obtained during this study for Conventional banking.
This study aimed to show the extent of the contribution of audit committees in strengthening Sharia Control in Syrian Islamic banks, to achieve this goal the researcher prepared a questionnaire was distributed to a number of internal Sharia Auditor a
nd staff management of banking operations in Syrian Islamic banks, the study concluded that the functions of the Audit Committee affect strengthen Sharia Control in Syrian Islamic banks and so from the standpoint of my sample study, the study concluded a series of recommendations including the need for the guidance of the audit Committee in the Islamic banks to activate and the role of the Sharia internal audit function in the legitimate Islamic banks in Syria to maintain the reputation of the bank and its commitment to the provisions of Islamic Sharia.
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