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Estimating the Severity and Frequency of Annual and Seasonal Droughts in Some Locations in the Southern Region of Syria

تقدير شدة الجفاف الفصلي و السنوي و تكراره في بعض مواقع المنطقة الجنوبية من سورية

1938   1   83   0 ( 0 )
 Publication date 2012
and research's language is العربية
 Created by Shamra Editor




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Drought is a recurrent phenomenon and a normal feature of climate. It is one of the major natural hazards that frequently hits Syria, causing significant damages to ecosystems and social–economic environment, especially agricultural areas. The purpose of current study is to estimate the degree of severity and the frequency of drought at seasonal and annual timescales in the southern region of Syria by applying the Standardized Precipitation Index (SPI) on the rainfall data recorded over (1958-2006) in four climatic stations: Damscus, Khrabo, Dara and El-Sweda. The results showed that there were no significant changes or trends in annual winter and spring rainfall at southern region scale. They also showed its frequent exposure to drought. At annual timescale, Damscus and Khrabo stations were distinguished from the others by extreme drought, and Khrabo by severe drought. The season mostly exposed to drought events was spring, followed by winter and autumn seasons. The absence of the evere drought of Dara winter, and the extreme drought of Damscus and Khrabo autumn were also observed.


Artificial intelligence review:
Research summary
تتناول هذه الدراسة تقدير شدة وتكرار الجفاف على المستويين الفصلي والسنوي في المنطقة الجنوبية من سورية، باستخدام مؤشر الهطل القياسي (SPI) على بيانات المطر المسجلة خلال الفترة من 1958 إلى 2006 في أربع محطات مناخية هي دمشق، خرابو، درعا، والسويداء. أظهرت النتائج عدم وجود تغيرات معنوية في كميات الأمطار السنوية والفصلية، مع تعرض المنطقة لحوادث الجفاف بشكل متكرر. تميزت محطتا دمشق وخرابو بالجفاف المتطرف على المستوى السنوي، بينما كان فصل الربيع الأكثر تعرضاً لحوادث الجفاف، يليه الشتاء والخريف. كما لوحظ غياب الجفاف الشديد عن شتاء درعا والجفاف المتطرف عن خريف دمشق وخرابو. تهدف الدراسة إلى تقديم فهم أفضل لشدة وتكرار الجفاف في المنطقة الجنوبية من سورية، مما يساعد في تحديد تدابير التخفيف الملائمة لتقليل أضرار الجفاف على البيئة والمجتمع.
Critical review
تعتبر هذه الدراسة مهمة في سياق فهم تأثيرات الجفاف على المنطقة الجنوبية من سورية، خاصةً في ظل التغيرات المناخية العالمية. ومع ذلك، يمكن توجيه بعض النقد البناء للدراسة. أولاً، قد يكون من المفيد توسيع نطاق الدراسة ليشمل مناطق أخرى من سورية للحصول على صورة أشمل. ثانياً، كان من الممكن تضمين تحليل أكثر تفصيلاً للعوامل المؤثرة في الجفاف مثل التغيرات في درجات الحرارة والرياح والرطوبة النسبية. أخيراً، يمكن تعزيز الدراسة من خلال تقديم توصيات عملية واضحة للمزارعين وصناع القرار حول كيفية التكيف مع الجفاف وتقليل تأثيراته السلبية على الزراعة والموارد المائية.
Questions related to the research
  1. ما هو الهدف الرئيسي من هذه الدراسة؟

    الهدف الرئيسي من الدراسة هو تقدير شدة وتكرار الجفاف على المستويين الفصلي والسنوي في المنطقة الجنوبية من سورية باستخدام مؤشر الهطل القياسي (SPI).

  2. ما هي المحطات المناخية التي شملتها الدراسة؟

    شملت الدراسة أربع محطات مناخية هي دمشق، خرابو، درعا، والسويداء.

  3. ما هي الفصول الأكثر تعرضاً لحوادث الجفاف وفقاً للدراسة؟

    وفقاً للدراسة، فإن فصل الربيع هو الأكثر تعرضاً لحوادث الجفاف، يليه الشتاء ثم الخريف.

  4. هل أظهرت الدراسة وجود تغيرات معنوية في كميات الأمطار السنوية والفصلية؟

    لا، أظهرت الدراسة عدم وجود تغيرات معنوية في كميات الأمطار السنوية والفصلية في المنطقة الجنوبية من سورية.


References used
AMERICAN METEOROLOGICAL SOCIETY (AMS), Statement on meteorological drought. Bull. Am. Meteorol. Soc. 85, 2004.771–773
BELOW, R., E. GROVER-KOPEC, AND M. DILLEY, Documenting drought-related disaster: A global reassessment. The Journal of Environment and Development, 19(3): 2007.328-344
BOYER . J.S, Plant productivity and environment Science, 218: 1982.443-448
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