Joints study in Skhaba region shows the existence two joint directions, principal dominant
NW-SE Joints from extension origin upper Cretaceous age, unrelated and older than faults
in studied area statistically, the presence of Calcareous filling in
the joints that is supported
the extension origin in the first phase. Secondary NE-SW joints from Miocen-Pliocen in
age, and from extension origin ,related to the formation of faults, most of them contain thin
iron crust in secondary phase.
The aim of this research is to predict the quantities of soil lost by the water erosion in the
Al-Hawiz Dam basin area using GIS and RUSL. R factor was calculated through
matimatical equation after collecting rain data during 2008-2017 from weather
station at
Basel-Al-Assad airport .k value of each soil sampl was calculated after determination of
txture,structure,saturated hydrolic conductivity, and organic matter).a map were prepared
showed local distribution of k values .slop factor was determined as well as using DEM for
studied region, and slop map was introduced in mathematical equation through a GIS to
obtain LS map .NDV used for studied region to calculate C map.To obtain predictive map
of soil lost quantitis ,maps of LS,C,K was multiplicated with R value.
The results showed that R value in studied region 342.78 ,while k factor value was
0.7-0.28.soil with low value concentrated at medium part of studied region,whil slop
factor value was between 0 and 38.87.C factor value was 0.29 at west part and 0.98 at east
part .prediction map of lost quantites was classified in to 4 degrees according erosion risk (
very low risk ,low,medium,high .The results of soil lost quantities were classified in to 4
classes in studied region : very low( 0-5) t/h/year,low( 5-12 ) t/h/year and medium ( 12-24
t/h/year and severe in which soil loss exceeded 24 t/h/year
This research aims at studying the most important indicators of water pollution leading to
nutrient increase (eutrophication) in AL- Basel Dam Lake, and connecting them with
pollution sources represented by untreated sewage water and agricultural d
rainage water,
including rain water coming from the lands surrounding the lake. Among the most
important of these indicators are total phosphorus (TP) and total Nitrogen (TN). Samples
were taken and analyzed from four sitesof the lake (S1, S2, S3, S4) were conducted
periodically. The work continued to conduct tests for full hydrological cycle as of January
(2016) until December (2016). The study showed that the lake was highly fertilized
according to the (TN- TP) this indicates that the lake is affected by the pollutants it
encounters, especially the wastewater pollutants. The specific component of algal growth
was determined by knowing the ratio between total nitrogen and total phosphorus. The TN
/ TP ratio was greater than 10, so total phosphorus is the specific component of algal
growth in the Basel DamLake.
Water erosion is the most serious environmental problem which cause soil
degradation in watershed areas in Syria cost .for this reason, this study aimed to defined
spatial distribution of water erosion risk for land Bhmra Dm basin using corine mode
l.
Corine model depend on calculating all factor that affect water erosion ,soil erosion
vability ,rain erosivity ,slop and land cover.
This research involves the study of collapse's possibility of Codana dam,
which is located on Al-Rakad valley in Quneitra governorate. The light had
been shed on: the concept of dam's collapse, forms of collapse slots by using
Hec-Ras program, Als
o it had been shown the reliable collapse scenarios and
choose the worst one when the access time of flood wave could be identified
for every cross-section.
In this paper, we focus on the importance of conducting the necessary tests either
field or laboratory in order to obtain realistic values for soil hydrodynamic parameters
allowing the best result to simulate the actual situation of any engineering
facility.
The importance of this research highlights in earth dams and dikes which have great
importance to economic, environmental and human. It is necessary to be complete
accuracy when creating a mathematical model to study stability of these structures. From
here comes the need to calculate these parameters rather than extracted from engineering
codes, that we will use them to simulate the effect of long rainfall on the distribution of
water content in the Hweez dam soil and hence its stability. We will build a mathematical
model for dam using PCSiWaPro® depending on transition flow chart. concerning that,
hydraulic conductivity and volumetric water content in the soil are functions of pore water
pressure. These equations with their functions give a smooth transition of the studied
model where the saturated state is considered as a special case of the used equations.
Thousands of dams have been built around the world, but, the date of construction is
associated with a history of failures and collapse, due to the high water levels, generating
higher returns consequences disastrous for the environment and society
, when dam fails
released very large amounts of water threatened the lives of persons and property, it
returns to the short time available for warning and evacuation.
This paper provides an overview of the most important reasons for the collapse, with
a study about possibility failure product from supposed breach in 16 Tishreen dam, caused
by the flow of water over the top, where the predicted of breach that leading to collapse is
done and determine its characteristics, namely: High, width, time required to development
of the breach, the maximum flow out of it, and also generate flood maps that represent the
limits of the spread of flood wave downstream, in addition tosuggest a simplified plan for
the evacuation
Results led to the flooded wave caused by the collapsehurtling loaded
adischargeabout 54631 , causes a wall of water with 17 meters high moves
through the downstream river with 14 m/sec speed, the wave spreadover 45.24
,causing submerge for 7 villages the most important of it Stkhers and Rodo which are
completely submerged, and 30 economical facility the most important of it industrial area
that also completely submerged, the water depths ranged from 2 to 17 meter, which
causing heavy casualtiesand damage about 30000 people, and more than 7000peopleare
expected to die, unless the actual preparations of emergency plan.
The stability of the upstream shell of the dams is changed under the rapid drawdown
condition where the pore water pressure has a different values according to the soil
permeability. This paper considers the stability of the upstream shell of the "
Braddon" dam
with many types of soil and analyses each type under two rapid drawdown programs, the
first program is when the discharge happens, according to the irrigation outlet by 25 m3/s,
and the second program is when the discharge happens according to the tunnel conversion
of the river by 500 m3/s. The obtained results show, that the stability of the upper slope
under considered boundary conditions changed according to the soil type. Some soil have
good stability factor while other soil collapsed .Accordingly, we can conclude that the
type of soil of the upper dam slope is important and we could chose the appropriate type
which does not cause dangerous during the rapid drawdown. Also the study shows that:
the highest values of the safety factors result when the slopes are formed of high
permeability soils as well as the slopes of homogeneous soil, while the soils formed of
materials between them appeared decreasing values of safety factors.
The Dams are large and complex projects, and are generally characterized by the
enormous cost of implementation in some cases, and the length of the implementation
period, are rarely carried out a dam in Syria within the estimated plan which develo
ped his
of the cost and time, this is due to the risks that intercepted projects during the
implementation phase and directly influenced the basic project objectives ( cost and time
and quality).
This research experiences to the reality of the implementation of the late dams,
through undertake a study the risks suffered by the implementation of sector and
influenced the basic objectives of the project (cost - time - quality), through a field survey
study includes more than thirty-five dams in Syria.
For this purpose have been used survey was distributed to a slice of experts and
technicians in the form of dams, has enabled to obtain a list of the risks faced by the
implementation of dams in addition to the assessment, In an attempt to develop a scientific
methodology to analyze and manage the risks of dam projects by assessing the probability
of their occurrence and their impact on the objectives of the project in the event of
occurrence, with introduce a new standard for evaluating a detection / control, As per the
approach to FMEA /Failure Mode and Effect Analysis/ and incorporate logic fuzzy, and
arrange those risks according the Risk Criticality Number (RCN) for each risk early in
order be sensitive to them than we can handled properly with proposing appropriate
response strategies.
The research aims to complete the theoretical, analytical and practical study for
elevation networks in some medium and small dams in the coastal region of the Syrian
Arab Republic, In terms of the configuration of network, strength of network and
measured
elements, And instruments that must be used to obtain the required accuracy, and efficient
of the mathematical model used, The design and implementation of monitoring and control
points in the used network and propose appropriate solutions. During the research was
done on two independent programs , The first relates to simulated measurements in the
elevation network specific elements, The second for adding program to software is the
famous engineering drawing (land development) to enable the user for adjusting elevation
networks without going out of the graphical program.
The research concluded that specific proposals on elevation geodetic networks
studied, and to show the efficiency of all programs designed within Land development
software and modeling the elevation measurements.
