In October 2014, the collected air-green samples of Basil herb were gathered from the region of MashtaAlhulu in the ,Then the volatile oil from fresh samples was extracted with N-Hexane and other samples with steam distilled water, and we have found
the percentage of the volatile oil in the first sample (N-Hexane) is 2,7% , and 2,5% in the second sample (steam distilled water). Suitable conditions were chosen to separate the components of the volatile oil by GC-MS and we noticed : - the first sample (extracted with N-hexane) contain 18 compounds, and they are: Six Terpenes compounds and they form 21.22%,Hydrocarbon compounds form 21.8% from the total weight and they are 7 compounds, and one compound from Ketone class dicycle and its percentage is 2.32%,and two Ester compound and they form 18.96%, One phenolic compound and forms 21.60%, one Ether compound and forms 14.08%. -the volatile oil from the second sample (extracted with steam distilled water) contains 11 compounds, and they are: 6 compounds belong to Hydrocarbon class and they are the main components in the volatile oil with a 91.24% of the oil total weight, One compoundfrom Ether class forms 1.62%, one phenolic compound which forms 3.93%, and three Terpenes compounds and they form 3.17%.
In September-october 2014 the collected air green samples of
zizuphus jujuba was extracted .Suitable conditions were chosen to
separate the components of the volatile oil by the components of the
volatile oil by Gs/Ms and we noticed.
- 16 compoun
ds were found in the extracted volatile oil of the
extraction by petrolium ether, the main compound is palmetoleic acid ,
it form 29.13% of the volatile oil weight , and palmitic acid, it form
15.5% .Also volatile oil of the extracted from fresh leaves by steam
distillation contain 24 compounds, the main compound is Oleamid ,it
from 23.30% of the volatile oil weight.
In August 2015 the collected leaf of Arctostaphylos uva-ursi were
gathered. Then the volatile oil from fresh samples was extracted
with n-hexane and other samples with steam distillation.
In this work Rosmarinus officinalis L. grown in Syria was studied. The
general characteristics of the whole plant, as well as the leaves and the flowers
were determined. It was shown that there are two varieties of Rosmarinus one
having violet flo
wers and the other having white flowers. The two varieties
were compared morphologically and they were in accord with what was
mentioned in the literature.
The two varieties were also compared chemically and it was possible to
explain the differences mentioned in the literature by differences in the
composition of the volatile oil.
The chemical study of the drug shows the quantity as well as the percentage
of its constituents. At last the main substitute of the drug used in Syria was
shown and compared with the main drug. It was shown that the composition of
the volatile oil of the substitute is different from the composition of the volatile
oil of Rosmarinus, thus it can not be used for the same purpose.
The volatile oil of Anthemis wettsteiniana was studied in
environmentally different regions distributed on five locations in the
provinces of Homs and Hama, in order to determine the quantity and
quality and effect of the surrounding environment,
on the volatile oil
specifications. The plants were gathered during tow phonological
phases of the life of the plant included the vegetative growth stage- the
full of flowering stage. It was then extracted through water extraction
method. It was found that the highest percentage of volatile oil was
recorded in Al-afif location at the full of the flowering stage during
the 2013 season, where the percentage of the volatile oil was 0.12
(ml/100g) ,while the lowest percentage of volatile oil was recorded in
Tal-snan during the 2014 season , the percentage of the volatile oil was
0.04 (ml/100g).
In September 2014 the collected air-green samples of Fennel herb
were gathered. Then the volatile oil from fresh samples was
extracted with N-hexane and other samples with steam distilled
water.
In October 2014 the collected air-green samples of melissa
officinalis were gathered. Then the volatile oil from fresh samples
was extracted with N-hexane and other samples with steam
distillation.
Suitable conditions were chosen to separate the
components of the
volatile oil by GC-MAS and we noticed :
(25) compounds were found in the extracted volatile oil of the first
sample ( extraction by N-hexane ).
3 compounds of them are alcohol noncyclic MonoTerpine class and
they form 3,46% of the volatile oil weight, 1 alcohol cyclic
Monoterpine compound forms 1,83% of the volatile oil total
weight, 1 compound from cyclic DeTerpine class and it forms
2.31%, 2 compounds from cyclic MonoTerpine class and they form
3,14%, 2 compounds from Aldyhol group which form 52.03% from
the volatile oil's weight.
13 compounds from SesquieTerpine class with a 35,14% of the
total weight, 2 Ester compounds and they form 2,12%, and 1 acetic
compound which is Lenolenic acid with a 0,97% form the volatile
oil total weight.
In this research, the changes on these seeds during storage:
total oil, volatile oil, and the major components of volatile oils were
determined. A decrease in the total and volatile oils and all
components of volatile oils were found.
The identification of the cumin oil composition was determined
qualitatively and quantitatively by GC, using standard compounds.
The components of the cumin seed oil (Cuminaldehyde, p-cymen
and β-penine) were matched with the standard compounds.
The factors effect on some components of cumin seed volatile oil
were studied.
The effects of time and temperature on the cumin seeds
components were studied, the results have been shown that the total
oil and volatile oil and its main components decreases with the
passing of time and with the increasing of temperature.
The volatile oil of Anthemis scariosa was studied in environmentally
different regions distributed on five locations in the provinces of Homs and
Hama, in order to determine the quantity and quality and effect of the
surrounding environment, on th
e volatile oil specifications. The plants
were gathered during tow phonological phases of the life of the plant
included the vegetative growth stage- the full of flowering stage. It was
then extracted through water extraction method. It was found that the
highest percentage of volatile oil was recorded in Al-hamra location
at the full of the flowering stage during the 2013 season.
