Studying And Analyzing the modulators and demodulators of PCM

Modulating signals of transmission stations to reception stations is a key factor to guarantee the best possible transmission and reception of these signals .Digital modulation represents a huge evolution in communication field and modulation, which used to depend on analog signal modulation of one parameter-Amplitude . frequency or phase. Digital modulation depends on transforming the transmitted data signal (Bits) and then sending it as samples, and changed back into an analog signals in reception station . In digital systems, digital data are transformed into analog data in the transmitter and does the reverse in the receiver. In digital transmission, on the other hand, as in wired local area networks (WLAN), Digital data are transmitted in their digital state.

Designing of high-efficiency DC-DC converter of photovoltaic system

The article studies the open loop and closed loop systems for the improved converter. An improved DC-DC boost converter is modeled and simulated using Matlab R2013a. The simulation and experimental results of the tow systems are presented and compared. The performance of the improved converter is also compared with the conventional boost converter.The article studies the open loop and closed loop systems for the improved converter. An improved DC-DC boost converter is modeled and simulated using Matlab R2013a. The simulation and experimental results of the tow systems are presented and compared. The performance of the improved converter is also compared with the conventional boost converter.

Design and implementation of digital display unit using Arduino and Mobile phone

This Research presents a detailed study and practical design for the construction, programming and implementation of the system to receive SMS messages sent from a mobile phone or more to the SIM card placed with in the circuit (GSM-MODULE) connected in turn with a microcontroller which translates and shows this message on the optical matrix.

Design And Implementation Of Advanced Solar Battery Charging System

The main goal of this search is to design maximum solar power batteries charging system, Maximum power point tracking (MPPT) system is used in the photovoltaic (PV) system consisting of a buck-boost Direct Current DC/DC converter, which is controlled by a microcontroller unit, The microcontroller is programmed with a simple and reliable MPPT called Incremental Conductance (InCond). The designed battery charger was tested, and the results obtained had insured about the permanent control on the battery charging. Comparison study was done, with PWM solar charger controller, it was obvious by The experimental results, that the battery get charged in a very short time period considering of the solar sun light hours per day, and the characteristics of the used solar panel, which confirm the reliable performance of the suggested charging system.

Developing Fuzzy Logic Controller based on Perturb and Observe technique to improve the efficiency of Solar Photovoltaic Energy Systems using Matlab/Simulink

This research deals with improving the efficiency of solar photovoltaic (PV) power systems using a Fuzzy Logic Controller (FLC) for Maximum Power Point Tracking (MPPT), to control the duty cycle of DC-DC Voltage Converter, to achieve the photovoltaic system works at a Maximum Power Point under different atmospheric changes of the solar insolation and ambient temperature. In this context, this research presents a new model for FLC developed in Matlab/Simulink environment. The proposed model for the controller is based on the conventional Perturb and Observe (P&O) technique. Where, in similar to the conventional P&O technique, the changes in the Power and tension of photovoltaic power system, are considered as the input variables of the proposed controller, while the output variable is the change in the duty cycle. The main advantage of the developed controller FLC, based on the considering the change in the duty cycle has a Variable Step Size, and directly related to the changes in the power and tension of the Photovoltaic system. Which make it possible to overcome the problem of fixed Step Size in the change of the duty cycle in the conventional MPPT- P&O Controller based on P&O technique. The MPPT- P&O Fuzzy, works by a variable step size achieve a fast speed response and high efficiency for tracking the MPP point under sudden and rapidly varying atmospheric conditions, compared with the conventional MPPT- P&O. The simulation results completed in Matlab/Simulink environment, showed the best performance of developed MPPT- P&O Fuzzy controller in tracking the MPP by achieving a better dynamic performance and high accuracy, compared with the use of the conventional MPPT- P&O under different atmospheric changes.

Improving the efficiency of Solar Photovoltaic Power Systems using a Maximum Power Point Tracker Controller based on DC-DC Boost Converter

This research deals with improving the efficiency of solar photovoltaic (PV) power systems using a Maximum Power Point Tracker controller (MPPT controller), based in his work on the Maximum Power Point Tracking techniques via the direct control method. Which used to control the duty cycle of DC-DC Voltage Converter, to achieve the photovoltaic system works at a Maximum Power Point under different atmospheric changes of the solar insolation and ambient temperature. In this context, our work is focused on the simulation of the components of the power generating system, such as the photovoltaic system, DC-DC Boost Converter and a MPPT controller in Matlab/Simulink environment. The simulating of the MPPT controller was based on several algorithms such as: Constant Voltage algorithm, Perturb and Observe algorithm and Incremental Conductance algorithm by using Embedded MATLAB function. The simulation results showed the effectiveness of the MPPT controller to increase the photovoltaic system power compared with non-use of a MPPT controller. The results also showed the best performance of MPPT controller based on Perturb and Observe and Incremental Conductance algorithm, compared with constant voltage algorithm in tracking the Maximum Power Point under atmospheric changes.

Design and implementation of high efficiency DC-DC converter for standalone photovoltaic systems

This research introduce a detailed study of designing high efficiency 100W DC-DC Boost Converter for standalone photovoltaic system and practical implementation of it’s circuit, by selecting the best elements with less loss in power in the tow designs,to reach the best efficiency by theoretical calculations and simulation in ORCA, and compare the results with the practical implementation. Also this research shows a study of effect of frequency variation on the efficiency of the converter.

Developing Algorithm and Program for Power Flow Analysis in Power System with VSC-HVDC

with different frequency make Voltage Source Converter - HVDC link (VSC-HVDC links) an attractive technology for most power transport in meshed grids. Advantages are the high controllability of active and reactive power at the converter’s terminals and the ability to increase the stability of the surrounding AC system. VSC-HVDC can provide active and reactive control to achieve maximum power transfer, system stability and improve power quality and reliability. This research aims to develop a mathematical model and an algorithm for the analysis of power flow in a steady state of power system containing VSC-HVDC.The Jacobian matrix inNewton- Raphsonalgorithm, which is the relationship between voltage and power mismatches, is extended with the VSC HVDC variablesto control active and reactive powers and voltage magnitude in any combination. A Newton-Raphson load flow program has been developed which includes comprehensive control facilities and exhibits very strong convergence characteristics. Two scenarios have been studied, back-to-back VSC-HVDC link and full VSC-HVDC link connecting two buses in AC networks. The algorithm and the program have been verified through a number of simulation examples carried out on IEEE 14-bus System.

Design and Implementation of the inductor in DC-DC Boost converters

The DC sources like fuel cells, solar cells, storage units need to raise its output voltage in order to match load requirements. So often these systems are equipped with Power Electronics techniques in general and DC-DC booster converters in particular. The paper provides the mathematical model and algorithm for designing the booster converter with selected values in order to define the values of the most important parameters of its components including inductor parameters. Based on the developed algorithm, a simulation of the system is conducted in MATLAB / Simulink environment to analyze the impact of changing the inductor inductance on booster performance. Also the paper includes the mathematical model and algorithm for designing the booster inductor in terms of material, conductor type and shape of core and number of windings. Based on the design results, the inductor has been implemented completely in the laboratory. The inductance of the implemented inductor has been measured using a number of measuring methods to make sure of its value and match it with the theoretical values of design. Finally, the developed algorithm has been translated into a program in an environment Matlab / GUI , with which several computer tests have been performed.