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Building And Evaluating Digital Elevation Models (Dem) Byusing Geographic Information System

إنشاء و تقييم نماذج الارتفاع الرقمية (DEM) باستخدام نظم المعلومات الجغرافية

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 Publication date 2017
and research's language is العربية
 Created by Shamra Editor




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This research aimed for using Geographic Information System (GIS) in producing Digital Elevation Model (DEM) for Dimas District, By applying various methods: Spatial Analyst, Geo Statistical Analyst, Triangulated Irregular Network (TIN), and interpolating DEM from contour lines. The study showed that the best methods for interpolating DEM is Kriging method, Which interpolated an evaluated surface for scattered points which had (Z values) whether they were closed or scattered from each other. And (TIN) method which required less area on hard disc to be stored comparing with other methods, and it's perfect for representing surfaces in wide areas, Also generating DEM from contour lines produced DEM which had very accurate representing for surfaces.


Artificial intelligence review:
Research summary
تهدف هذه الدراسة إلى استخدام نظم المعلومات الجغرافية (GIS) في اشتقاق نماذج الارتفاع الرقمية (DEM) لناحية الديماس. تم تطبيق عدة طرق لاشتقاق هذه النماذج، منها التحليل المكاني، التحليل الجيو إحصائي، الشبكة المثلثية غير المنتظمة (TIN)، وتوليد النموذج من خطوط التسوية. أظهرت النتائج أن طريقة Kriging هي الأفضل لتوليد نموذج ارتفاع دقيق من النقاط المبعثرة، بينما تتميز طريقة TIN بأنها تتطلب مساحة تخزين أقل وتناسب تمثيل السطوح في المناطق الشاسعة. كما أن توليد النموذج من خطوط التسوية ينتج نموذجًا دقيقًا لتمثيل السطح. تم استخدام عدة مناهج بحثية مثل المنهج الكارتوغرافي، المنهج الإحصائي، المنهج الوصفي، والمنهج التجريبي لتحقيق أهداف الدراسة. خلصت الدراسة إلى أن الطرق الأنسب لاشتقاق نماذج الارتفاع الرقمية باستخدام نظم المعلومات الجغرافية هي طريقة Kriging، توليد السطح من منحنيات التسوية، طريقة spline، وطريقة TIN. توصي الدراسة بالاستفادة من تقنيات نظم المعلومات الجغرافية في توليد نماذج الارتفاع الرقمية في مختلف المجالات والتطبيقات.
Critical review
تعتبر الدراسة شاملة ومفصلة في تحليلها لطرق اشتقاق نماذج الارتفاع الرقمية باستخدام نظم المعلومات الجغرافية. ومع ذلك، يمكن الإشارة إلى بعض النقاط التي قد تعزز من قوة الدراسة. أولاً، كان من الممكن تضمين مقارنة أكثر تفصيلية بين الطرق المختلفة من حيث الأداء الزمني والكفاءة الحسابية. ثانياً، لم يتم التطرق بشكل كافٍ إلى تأثير دقة البيانات المدخلة على دقة النماذج الناتجة. ثالثاً، كان من الممكن تعزيز الدراسة من خلال تطبيق الطرق المختلفة على مناطق جغرافية متنوعة للتحقق من عمومية النتائج. بشكل عام، الدراسة قيمة وتقدم إسهامًا مهمًا في مجال نظم المعلومات الجغرافية.
Questions related to the research
  1. ما هي أفضل طريقة لتوليد نموذج الارتفاع الرقمية وفقًا للدراسة؟

    أفضل طريقة لتوليد نموذج الارتفاع الرقمية وفقًا للدراسة هي طريقة Kriging.

  2. ما هي الفائدة الرئيسية لاستخدام طريقة TIN في اشتقاق نماذج الارتفاع الرقمية؟

    الفائدة الرئيسية لاستخدام طريقة TIN هي أنها تتطلب مساحة تخزين أقل وتناسب تمثيل السطوح في المناطق الشاسعة.

  3. ما هي المناهج البحثية التي اعتمدت عليها الدراسة؟

    اعتمدت الدراسة على المنهج الكارتوغرافي، المنهج الإحصائي، المنهج الوصفي، والمنهج التجريبي.

  4. ما هي التوصيات التي قدمتها الدراسة؟

    توصي الدراسة بالاستفادة من تقنيات نظم المعلومات الجغرافية في توليد نماذج الارتفاع الرقمية في مختلف المجالات والتطبيقات، وتطبيق الطرق المثلى والمناسبة لتوليد هذه النماذج حسب عدد نقاط الارتفاع ومدى تبعثرها.


References used
(FRANKE, R. Smooth interpolation of scattered data by local thin plate splines. Computer and mathematics with applications. Vol.8. No.4. Great Britain. (1982
(JOHN SHANZE, EVZEN ZEMAN, JIRI MARSALEK, Flood risk management hazards, vulnerability and mitigation measures, springer. (2006
(MICHAEL KENNEDY, Introducing geographic information systems with ArcGis9, John Willey and sons. (2006
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