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Register a new userTheCilaphah institution in the Islamic Ags (The Rashidi ,theOmayad,theAbbasiags)
مؤسسة الخلافة في العصور الإسلامية (الراشدي – الأموي – العباسي)
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Aِl-Baath University ورقة بحثية
Publication date
2016
fields
Literature
and research's language is
العربية
Created by
Shamra Editor
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لم تعرف مكة قبل الإسلام الحكومة المنظمة، و كانت تدير شؤونها من قبل كبار التجار، و ممثلي كبار الأسر القرشية، و دعي هؤلاء ((بالملأ))، و كان هؤلاء يعقدون اجتماعاتهم في (( دار الندوة )). أما قراراتي التي كانت تتخذ فلم يكن لها صفة الإلزام. و مع قيام دولة الإسلام لم يحدث تغيير جوهري عما كان سائدا في مكة، ذلك أن الرسول لم يمارس أية سلطات في هذه المدينة، و بعد الهجرة إلى المدينة نجح النبي في إرساء القواعد لحكم الأمة الجديدة التي أقامها، و لم يأت بنظرية للحكم ذات أسس ثابتة، و لكنه أتى بنظرية الشورى.
The organized government was unknown in Mecca in the Islamic Period, and famous merchant with the most famous families in Qurish" Called the "Mala`a" organized it. They was meeting in "Dar Al-Nadoah" ,also, their decision was un covenanted. In Mecaa, it was not essentially change happened when they Originate the Islamic government. The prophet was Un responsible In Mecca "Al-Madinah", but after his migration to itThe prophet Mohammad successfully organized the rules to rule.
References used
أبو حرب، محمد خير، 1985م المعجم المدرسي. ط 1 ، تدقيق: ندوة النوري، وزارة التربية، دمشق.
أحمد، علي، 1992 تاريخ المغرب الإسلامي. د.ط ، جامعة دمشق، د.م.
النجار، حسين فوزي، د.ت الإسلام و السياسة. د.ط ، مطبوعات الشعب، د.م.
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The architectural character of the schools in the Islamic Ages influenced by many factors including: first cultural factors: civilizations pre-Islamic Sassanian in Iraq, Byzantine and Hellenistic in Syria. Secondly environmental factors: we mean here
the climate and building materials that have affected the formations prevailing, for example covered patios prevailed in cold regions, while the open patios used in temperate and desert regions. While the availability of local building materials serve to in the adoption of a particular style building: at a time we find the prevalence of clay or earth architecture in Iraq, Stone Architecture diffused in both Egypt and Syria. Thirdly, the political factors that also play a role in shaping the schools character, where the rules effected on the architecture. So Egypt in Tulunid was affected by Iraqi architecture due to Ahmad Ibn Tulun who was the ruler from Iraqi origin.
However, there were other factors which contributed to create the difference between schools building at the same time; The architecture in Egypt differ from its contemporary in Syria even it was different in the same place among cities, the architecture in Aleppo didn't like the ones in Damascus. So we wonder about the importance of the local effects on designing early schools during the Islamic era.
In this paper, we will recite the evolution of Islamic school throughout history, then we'll focus on the local effects of the place such as the climate and regional building material, as well as the effective factors on the architecture characters generally, finally, we will study the character of school building in Islamic eras in order to find the most powerful factors that are affected on building schools throughout various Islamic eras.
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him)was the first step for the administrative system i
n the Arabic
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