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Register a new userEffects of some factors influencing on in vitro tuberization of potato cv. «Draga»
دراسة تأثير بعض العوامل في تكوين الدرينات الدقيقة في البطاطا صنف « دراجا » باستخدام تقانات زراعة الأنسجة
1924
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يعد محصول البطاطا من المحاصيل المهمة في جميع أنحاء العالم وفي سورية أيضًا، و يعد الصنف 'دراجا' أكثر الأصناف انتشارًا في العروة الصيفية في سورية, لما يتمتع به من إنتاجية عالية. و يستجيب نبات البطاطا للإكثار بطرائق زراعة الأنسجة النباتية المختلفة. تم في هذا البحث استخدام تقانات زراعة الأنسجة النباتية على الصنف المدروس للحصول على درينات دقيقة خالية من الفيروسات داخل الأنابيب بدءًا من زراعة الميرستيم.
Potato (Solanum tuberosum L.) is among the most economically important crops world-wide and in Syria as well. It is highly responsive to different tissue culture techniques. In vitro culture of potato cv. 'Draga' (mid-early) was established through meristem tip culture.
References used
Ammirato, PV. (1976). Hormonal control of tuber formation in cultured axillary buds of Dioscorea bulbifera & D. alata. Plant Physoil. 75 (supply): 66
Asahira, T; Nitsch, JP. (1968). Tuberisation in vitro: ULLUCUS tuberosus ET Dioscorea. Bull. Soc. Bot. France 115:345-352
Asahira, T; Yazawa, S. (1979).Bulbil formation of Dioscorea opposita cultured in vitro. Mem. Coll. Agric. Kyoto Univ. 113: 39-51
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The present study was conducted at Genetic Engineering Department in Agricultural
Research Directorate in Ministry of Science and Technology/Iraq in 2013, to evaluate
the effectiveness of aqueous extract of cogon grass at concentrations of (0.0 ,0.
25,
0.5, 1, 1.5 and 2%) and Kinetin (0.0, 1.5, 3, 5) mg/L on microtuberization of two
potato varieties; Daimond and Desire, in two separate experiments. All cultures
were placed in a growth room chamber at temeratures of 18-20 °C with darkness
for 90 days, until microtubers harvest. Data of microtuber per plant, diameters and
weights were investigated. Results showed a positive effect of cogon grass extract
at 2% on the number of microtubers and fresh weight (2.1, 104.41 mg, respectively)
and at 1% on the diameter (5.52 mm). Desiree cultivar was the best in fresh weight
of microtubers (188.41mg). The results of kinetin showed a significant effect on
all of the studied traits. The superior kinetin concentration was 5.0 mg/L which
gave the highest number of microtubers 2.22, while the concentrations 3.0 and 1.5
mg/L gave the highest values of diameter and weight ( 6.95 mm and 388.38 mg,
respectively). The two cultivars did not differ significantly in number of microtubers,
while Diamond cultivar was significantly higher in diameter and weight (6.86 mm
and 363.45 mg, respectively).
In this research, protoplast isolations were obtained from the leaves of
Potato Binella cultivar at the laboratories of Agriculture College- Damascus
University in order to determine factors affecting the yield and viability of
protoplast isolation. Results indicated that the best yield percentage of isolated
protoplast.
The Objective of this study was to prepare Paracetamol Microcapsules using Gelatin type A and Gum Arabic as a hydrophilic polymers. Microcapsules were prepared by complex Coacervation. Microencapsulation Yield (MEY) and microencapsulation efficacy (M
EE) were investigated with respond to three variables including: Ratio of core to wall material (2:1, 4:1, 6:1), Stirring Speed (200, 300, 400) rpm and Drying method (Air at room temperature, Oven at 26ºC). The results showed that increasing core to wall material leads to increase in both MEE & MEY. The same effect was obtained when increasing stirring speed. Finally the change in a way drying leads to unnoticeable change in both MEE & MEY. Optimum MEE & MEY were obtained when using 6:1 core to wall material, 400 rpm in both two ways of drying.
Nineteen locally selected potato lines were screened for water stress
tolerance by measuring the growth parameters in vitro. The stress was achieved
by adding 4% of sorbitol to the growth medium. Plant height and diameter,
leaf area, number, lengt
h and diameter of roots and plant fresh and dry weight
were measured. The results showed a difference in the response of the studied
lines to water stress, cluster analysis, based on the sum of all growth
parameters relative values of the lines showed that the lines were divided into
three groups according to water stress tolerance: The tolerant group, the
moderate tolerant group and the sensitive group. The results indicated the
possibility to use the in vitro method to screen the potato lines for water stress
tolerance.
This current study was conducted on gardenia plant (Gardenia
jasminoides.L.) cv. ellis. which was micropropagated in vitro to study the effect
of some plant growth regulators on multiplication and rooting, for the aim of
developing a complete in v
itro microprpagation system of the studied cv.
Results demonstrated that, the best medium for in vitro micropropagation of
the studied cv. was MS medium supplemented with 1 mg/L BA + 0.1 mg/L IBA
with a multiplication rate of 5.33 new shoots, with average shoot height of 4.73
cm, and average leaf number of 4.36. These shoots were then transferred to a
rooting media containing a half-strength of the multiplication basal media with
NAA at a concentration of 1mg/L which resulted in highest rooting efficiency of
97% with average root number of 9.67, and average root length of 5.35 cm, and
average stem length of 9.80 cm, and average leaf number of 5.07. Increasing
NAA concentration in rooting media to 1.5 mg/L resulted in increasing root
length average to 6.28 cm with significant difference in comparison to the
previous treatment. Rooted Plantlets were acclimatized gradually in a growth
room conditions to ex vitro conditions with 85 % efficiency.
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