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Register a new userIn vitro screening of some locally selected potato lines for water stress tolerance
الغربلة في الزجاج لمدى تحمل بعض سلالات البطاطا المنتخبة محلياً للإجهاد المائي
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تمت غربلة تسع عشرة سلالة منتخبة محلياً من البطاطا المزروعة في الزجاج لمدى تحملها للإجهاد المائي اعتماداً على معايير النمو؛ حيث تم تطبيق الإجهاد بإضافة السوربيتول بتركيز 4% إلى وسط النمو، ثم قيس طول النبات و قطره و المساحة الورقية و عدد الجذور و طولها و قطرها و الوزن الرطب و الجاف للنبات المجهد و الشاهد. أظهرت النتائج اختلاف استجابة السلالات المدروسة للإجهاد المائي، حيث أظهر التحليل العنقودي مدى تحمل السلالات للإجهاد المائي، بناء على مجموع القيم النسبية لمعايير النمو المدروسة، و وزعت السلالات المدروسة في ثلاث مجموعات: ضمت المجموعة الأولى السلالات المتحملة للإجهاد، و الثانية السلالات متوسطة التحمل للإجهاد، و الثالثة السلالات الحساسة للإجهاد. و استنتج عن إمكانية استعمال تقنية الغربلة في الزجاج لغربلة سلالات البطاطا من حيث قدرتها على تحمل الإجهاد المائي.
Nineteen locally selected potato lines were screened for water stress tolerance by measuring the growth parameters in vitro. The stress was achieved by adding 4% of sorbitol to the growth medium. Plant height and diameter, leaf area, number, length and diameter of roots and plant fresh and dry weight were measured. The results showed a difference in the response of the studied lines to water stress, cluster analysis, based on the sum of all growth parameters relative values of the lines showed that the lines were divided into three groups according to water stress tolerance: The tolerant group, the moderate tolerant group and the sensitive group. The results indicated the possibility to use the in vitro method to screen the potato lines for water stress tolerance.
References used
Aghaei, K., A. Ehsanpour, G. Balali and A. Mostajeran. 2008. In vitro screening of potato (Solanum tuberosum L.) cultivars for salt tolerance using physiological parameters and RAPD analysis. Am-Eurasian J Agric. Environ Sci., 3(2): 159–164
Brown, C. 2005. Antioxidants in potato. Amer. J. Potato Rsch., 82: 163–172. Cano, E.A., F. Perez-Alfocea, V. Moreno. M. Caro and M. C. Bolarin. 1998. Evaluation of salt tolerance in cultivated and wild tomato species through in vitroshoot apex culture. Plant Cell, Tissue and Organ Culture, 53: 19-26
Deblonde, P., A. Haverkort and J. Ledent. 1999. Responses of early and late potato cultivars to moderate drought conditions. Agronomic parameters and carbon isotope discrimination. Eur. J. Agron. 11(2): 91–105
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This study was conducted at Abo Jarash farm, Faculty of Agriculture,
Damascus University In order to determine the response of three local varieties
of potato (Sponta, Draja, Diamont) to salinity stress with different
concentration of NaCl solutio
n (0,50, 100, 150, 200 mM). The results indicated
that the existence of a inverse correlation between increased concentrations of
salts in the solution and the rate of plant height, leaf area, and the percentage of
leaf dry weight, and the proportion K+/ Na+., and the productivity was declined
with a proportional rate 22< 32, and 48% for the varieties of Sponta, Draja,
Diamont, respectively. Results indicated the existence of reverse relationship
between increasing salt concentration in the medium and plant height, Leaf
area, dry weight of the leaves and K+/Na+ ration in addition to the decline in the
productivity of studied varieties. The results also showed variations in the
extent of tolerance between studied varieties to salinity stress where Sponta
was the most tolerant, followed by Draja and Diamont was the less tolerant and
this was reflected in terms of higher germination and increasing the mean of
plant height, Leaf area and dry weight of plant.
Marfona cultivar were chemical mutagen using 20, 30 and 40 mM of Ethyl Methane
Sulphonate (EMS) for 2, 3, 4 hrs in 2013. was conducted to improve potato (Solanum
tuberosum L.) tolerance to salinity. Plants Marfona mutagen from M5 and unmutagen were
cultured with Spunta and Falouka Cvs in 2015. Plants were later subjected to another
selection pressure, by irrigating them using water containing Nacl between 0-200 mM The
results showed that the gradual increase in Nacl concentrations caused a significant gradual
decreases in most vegetative, yield and its component characteristics. Mutant plants varied
with unmutant for Marfona, Spunta and Falouka in plant height varied from 68 to 41 cm
and number leaves varied from 21 to 12 leaf. and stem diameter varied from 1.349 to 0.370
cm and leaf area varied from 235 to 84 cm2. However, produced tubers number varied
from 9.3 to 2.8 and weight them from 740 to 155 grams and tuber weight from 75.2 to 24.6
grams.
The results also showed variations in the extent of tolerance between studied
treatments to salinity stress where 4T3P2 treatment was the most tolerant.
Several laboratory experiments were conducted to evaluate the response of
ten ACSAD durum and bread wheat landraces to salinity stress tolerance at
seedling stage. The salinity induction response technique was applied to assess
the genetic variabi
lity, and the effect of induction nature in improving the
tolerance to lethal levels of some abiotic stresses (drought and salinity). The
applied screening tool was rapid and efficient in assessing the genetic
variability for the response of studied durum and bread wheat landraces to
salinity stress tolerance.
A field experiment was carried out at Abi Jarash farm at the Faculty of Agriculture at Damascus University during the 2011-2012 agricultural season in order to study the effect of seed hardening and supplementary irrigation in improving the tolerance of faba bean (vicia faba L.) varieties to water stress.
This study was carried out at the Faculty of Agriculture, Damascus
University, and ACSAD during the year 2001 – 2002 in order to assess the
genetic variability of twenty wheat genotypes for osmotic stress tolerance by
using PEG-6000 as a water str
ess induced tool. This trial aimed to develop
a semi-natural rapid and effective screening technique in which the optimum
induction as well as lethal levels of osmotic stress are well defined .
The results revealed that the treatments –0.4 MPa and –1.5 MPa were the
optimum induction and lethal levels of osmotic stress, respectively.
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