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Register a new userالبيئة الاجتماعية في لغة طفل ما قبل المدرسة في مدينة عمان
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Damascus University ورقة بحثية
Publication date
2005
fields
Arabic
and research's language is
العربية
Created by
Shamra Editor
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هدفت هذه الدراسة إلى تحديد البيئة الاجتماعية في لغة طفل ما قبل المدرسة في مدارس مدينة عمان لدى التحاقهم بمرحلة رياض الأطفال من سن أربع سنوات إلى خمس سنوات. و قد تكونت عينة الدراسة من 270 طفلا و طفلة اختيروا عشوائيًا من مجتمع الدراسة. و قد استخدم الباحثان المقابلات و المشاهدات كأداتين لحصر الحصيلة اللغوية لأفراد العينة. و قد أظهرت النتائج تباينًا في مجموع الكلمات الجارية و المختلفة لكل بيئة من البيئات الثلاث في عينة الدراسة، إذ جاءت البيئة الغنية في المرتبة الأولى من حيث المجموع، في حين حلت البيئة المتوسطة بالمرتبة الثانية، و البيئة الفقيرة بالمرتبة الثالثة و الأخيرة. و قد كشفت الدراسة عن أن الإناث من عينة الدراسة بشكل إجمالي يستخدمن عددًا أكبر من الكلمات الجارية أو المختلفة عن نظرائهن الذكور. و في ضوء هذه النتائج قدمت مجموعة من الاقتراحات و التوصيات.
No English abstract
References used
أولمان، استيفن( 1962 ) دور الكلمة في اللغة: ترجمة: كمال بشر، مكتبة الشباب، ط 1، القاهرة.
سليمان، فتحية حسن( 1979 ): تربية الطفل بين الماضي والحاضر،القاهرة، دار المعارف.
السيد، فؤاد البهي( 1975 ) : الأسس النفسية للنمو، القاهرة،دار الفكر العربي.
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Dental caries is considered as one of the most common chronic diseases. The study of prevalence and severity of dental caries conducted in a specific geographic area contributes in constructing necessary plans for treatment and prevention. Aims
of this study are to determine the prevalence and severity of early-childhood caries and to define risk factors associated with ECC among Lattakia/ Syrian preschool children. The sample comprised 909 children were divided into three age groups 3-4-5 years. A questionnaire was distributed and contained information on oral feeding habits, socio-economic status and educational Status of the mother. The results, and data analysis showed that the prevalence of ECC for pre-school children was 84.8%, the mean dmft and dmfs score in the group was in 3 years ( 4.09 (5.22=+6.22 & 2.85+=respectively. In 4 years3.43+=4.12) &7.29 += 8.25 ) .In 5 years (4.93 +=4.42 & (11.962+=10.157.
The value of the significant caries index SIC was 9.02. We obtained on 492 questionnaire which was observed a significant relationship between ECC and age of children , socio-economic status of the family, the educational status of the mother, feeding habits ( quantity of sweet consumption per day- time of sweet consumed between meals, using baby bottle ). However, breastfeeding and gender didn't have significant effect
Objective: This study aims to determine the prevalence and severity of ECC in 3 to 5 -year children in Lattakia and the correlation of saliva pH, buffer capacity and salivary flow rate with the dental caries. Materials and methods: An epidemiological
study of N = 400 children was conducted to determine the prevalence of ECC in Lattakia’s kindergartens and the association between child's gender, age and caries.The salivary tests for N = 40 children, the mean number of teeth, carious surfaces, restored and lost due to caries were measured. Results: The results indicated a high prevalence of Ecc among children (69.8%) We did not find significant differences in dmft, dmfs between children according to gender or age. The adjusted ability of saliva was high for 65% and medium for 35%. On the other hand, it was found that there is an inverse correlation between saliva pH and the studied indicators.
Coarse-grained linguistic information, such as named entities or phrases, facilitates adequately representation learning in pre-training. Previous works mainly focus on extending the objective of BERT's Masked Language Modeling (MLM) from masking ind
ividual tokens to contiguous sequences of n tokens. We argue that such contiguously masking method neglects to model the intra-dependencies and inter-relation of coarse-grained linguistic information. As an alternative, we propose ERNIE-Gram, an explicitly n-gram masking method to enhance the integration of coarse-grained information into pre-training. In ERNIE-Gram, n-grams are masked and predicted directly using explicit n-gram identities rather than contiguous sequences of n tokens. Furthermore, ERNIE-Gram employs a generator model to sample plausible n-gram identities as optional n-gram masks and predict them in both coarse-grained and fine-grained manners to enable comprehensive n-gram prediction and relation modeling. We pre-train ERNIE-Gram on English and Chinese text corpora and fine-tune on 19 downstream tasks. Experimental results show that ERNIE-Gram outperforms previous pre-training models like XLNet and RoBERTa by a large margin, and achieves comparable results with state-of-the-art methods. The source codes and pre-trained models have been released at https://github.com/PaddlePaddle/ERNIE.
The current research aims to identify the skills needed for students
in the fourth grade primary, and determine the relationship between
classroom social environment and social skills for fourth grade
primary pupils, and to achieve the objectives
of the research, the
researcher designed two measures, a measure of the classroom
environment, and other social skills needed for students fourth grade
primary.
Prevalence of Hepatitis B and C infections was assessed among
individuals undergoing Pre-marital Tests in Pre-marital Clinic &
Laboratory in Homs city – Syria. Enzyme immunoassay technique
was used for detection of hepatitis B surface antigen (HBs
-Ag)
and antibodies to hepatitis C virus (Anti-HCV). Among 20290
subjects, 288 (1.4%) were positive for HBs-Ag, and 24 (0.12%)
were positive for Anti-HCV. Prevalence of Hepatitis B and C was
more common in male subjects (84.4% for Hepatitis B and 75%
for Hepatitis C) in comparison to female (15.6% for Hepatitis B
and 25% for Hepatitis C).
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