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Register a new userThe definition of some fungal isolates from Samples of soil Polluted by olive mill wastewater
تعريف بعض العزلات الفطرية من عينات تربة ملوثة بمياه الجفت
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تعد منطقة حوض البحر الأبيض المتوسط رائدة بإنتاج زيت الزيتون، و ينتج عن عملية استخراج زيت الزيتون كمية كبيرة من المنتجات الثانوية السائلة، و التي تدعى بمياه الجفت (OMWW) لها تأثيرات بيئية مختلفة. في هذه الدراسة تم تعريف أربع عزلات من عينات تربة ملوثة بمياه الجفت، و تتبع هذه العزلات أنواع عديدة من صف الفطريات الناقصة، و هي تتبع الأنواع: Humicola sp. , Paecilomyces javanicus , terreus Aspergillus Aspergillus flavus , و ذلك بعزلها وتنقيتها على وسطي (PDA , CzA)، و ذلك بالاعتماد على الصفات الشكلية و البيومترية و بالمقارنة مع الدراسات المرجعية.
The Mediterranean region is world’s leading olive growing area. A large amount of liquid waste results from olive oil extraction these wastewaters have a different effects an environmental . In this study, four fungal isolates from Samples of soil Polluted by olive mill wastewater ,this isolates follow to several types from deuteromycetes, they are follow to this types : Humicola sp., paecilomyces javanicus, Aspergillus terreus, Aspergillus flavus. They isolated them on tow media (PDA, CzA) and identify them on colony character ,Biometric and compare them with reference studies.
References used
ALAA, A.; ADNAN, A.; NIZAM and NIZAR, I. Quantitative Analysis of Phenolic Compounds in Syrian Olive Mill Wastewater by Spectrophotometry and HPLC. Egyptian Journal of Pure and Applied Science, 2013, 009-014
AZBAR, N.; BAYRAM, A.; FILIBELI, A.; MUEZZINOGLU, A.; SENGUL, F.; OZER, A. A review of waste management options in olive oil production. Crit, Rev, Env, Sci, Technol, 2004, 209-247
NIAOUNAKIS, M.; HALVADAKIS, C. P. Olive-Mill Waste Management: Literature Review and Patent Survey. Greece, 2004, 23-64
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The aim behind this study was to isolate and characterize fungi from fermented olive
mill wastewater to determine the superior one that can resist high organic load and total
phenol of fresh Olive Mill Wastewater (OMW).
Two different media Czapak
Dox Agar (CzA) and Potato Dextrose Agar (PDA) were
used for identification of fungi by studying macroscopic and microscopic characteristics.
However, Aspergilluss sclerotiorum, Paecilomyces sniveus and Mucor nircinelloides had
had been identified .
After testing the isolates on fresh olive mill wastewater solid mediums OMWA1
(50%OMW), OMWA2 (75%OMW) and OMWA3 (100%OMW).
Whereas P. niveus proves that was the superior one, which can resist high
concentration of fresh olive mill wastewater.
Ten isolates of fungi-producing amylase were isolated from six different
sources (different kinds of soils - air-spoilage bread) on malt extract agar
(MEA) and potato dextrose agar (PDA). Four isolates were identified in
Museum of Natural History
Paris- France and six isolates were identified in the
College of Agriculture, Damascus University.
The ability of fungal isolates for secretion aflatoxins B1, B2 and G1 was
detected by thin layer chromatography technique and the quantity of toxins
was determined by using electronic scanner in Syrian Atomic Agency by
comparison with similar standard toxins.
The following Fungal species were isolated from therhizosphere of wheat plant (TriticumaestivumL.): Trichodermaharzianum, T. viride, T. longibrachiatum, Rhizoctoniasolani, Alternariaalternata, Fusariumsolani, Fusariumoxysporum and Aspergillusniger. I
t was shown that all isolated fungi had the capacity to produce cellulase in solid medium (CMC- Agar), while the fungus T.viride gave the highest capability for the production of this enzyme(5.16). The fungus Rhizoctoniasolani gave less productive ratio (2.61). Quantitative test using Mandelium liquid medium showed that the fungus T.viride had the highest productivity of Cellulase(4.39 U/mL), and this fungus had greater biomass (8.96 g/L). The fungus Rhizoctoniasolani gave lower enzyme productivity(2.04 U/mL) and its biomass reached(4.65 g/L). The study of different carbon sources for the fungus T.harzianum showed that Sucrose was the best media in Cellulase productivity. It reached (3.87U/mL), and the biomass was (2.83 g/L).
Two bacterial species were isolated from petroleum hydrocarbon-contaminated soil.
The isolates were characterized based on their gram reaction characteristics, morphological
and biochemical properties.
The results showed two bacteria isolated the
first isolated: gram negative short rod,
urease and nitrate reduction test showed a positive result , and glucose test showed positive
result.
And the second isolated: gram positive cocci, gelatin and Citrate utilization test
showed a positive result , and maltose, mannitol test showed negative result.
They were then incubated at (37) ° C for (48- 72) hours.
This is based on comparison of results with Bergey Manual of systematic
bacteriology.
The isolates were identified to be: Pseudomonas pachastrellae (X1)
Micrococcus brunensis (X2).
It wasdetected for the ability of a local fungus A.niger, A.alternata, F.oxysporum,
F.solaniandP.devirsum to produce the enzyme lipase in solidmedium including Triputyrin.
The enzymic activity of P.devirsum fungus is distinction from other fungus,
while the
fungus A.alternata failed to produce the lipase. Then they tested quantitatively using a
liquid center to determine the best conditions for best growth to fungus P.devirsum and for
best produce to enzyme lipase. It indicates that corn oil is the best carbonic source for
growth of fungus after 5 days of incubation, as biomass reached(15.99g/L) and effective of
lipase (67.43%).And it found that the concentration of 2% of the corn oil has achieved best
biomass
(17.83g/L) and best production of enzyme lipase effectively(72.78%). Temperature 34 c
achieved the highest biomass (18.94g/L) and best production of enzyme lipase (76.16%),
and pH =7 was the best for the growth of fungus in biomass reached (21.87g/L) and
production of lipase effectively (82.93%). While the nitrogenic source gave peptone
biggest value to biomass (27.08 g/L) and highest production for enzyme (88.12%) in
optimal conditions reached.
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