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Studying the ability of some Amylase producing fungal isolates for the secretion of aflatoxins

دراسة قدرة بعض العزلات الفطرية المنتجة لإنزيمات الأميلاز على إفراز الأفلاتوكسينات

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 Publication date 2005
and research's language is العربية
 Created by Shamra Editor




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Ten isolates of fungi-producing amylase were isolated from six different sources (different kinds of soils - air-spoilage bread) on malt extract agar (MEA) and potato dextrose agar (PDA). Four isolates were identified in Museum of Natural History Paris- France and six isolates were identified in the College of Agriculture, Damascus University. The ability of fungal isolates for secretion aflatoxins B1, B2 and G1 was detected by thin layer chromatography technique and the quantity of toxins was determined by using electronic scanner in Syrian Atomic Agency by comparison with similar standard toxins.


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Research summary
تناولت الدراسة قدرة بعض العزلات الفطرية المنتجة لإنزيمات الأميلاز على إفراز الأفلاتوكسينات. تم عزل 10 عزلات فطرية من مصادر مختلفة (تربة، هواء، خبز متعفن) وتم تنميتها على بيئات زرعية مختلفة. تم تشخيص العزلات في متحف التاريخ الطبيعي بباريس وجامعة دمشق. اختبرت الدراسة قدرة العزلات على إفراز الأفلاتوكسينات باستخدام تقنية كروموتوغرافيا الطبقة الرقيقة وتم تحديد كمية السموم المفرزة بواسطة الماسح الإلكتروني. أظهرت النتائج أن 5 عزلات كانت قادرة على إفراز الأفلاتوكسينات، وكانت عزلة Aspergillus flavus S4 الأعلى إفرازاً. توصلت الدراسة إلى أن التربة هي المصدر الأغنى بالفطور المناسبة للاستخدامات الحيوية، وأن فطر Aspergillus flavus هو الأكثر إفرازاً للأفلاتوكسينات، بينما فطر Aspergillus niger هو الأكثر أماناً من الناحية السمية.
Critical review
تعتبر الدراسة شاملة ومهمة في مجال البحث عن الفطريات وإفرازاتها السامة. ومع ذلك، يمكن تقديم بعض الملاحظات النقدية لتحسين الدراسة. أولاً، كان من الممكن توسيع نطاق العزلات الفطرية لتشمل مناطق جغرافية أوسع لزيادة تنوع العينات. ثانياً، لم يتم التطرق بشكل كافٍ إلى الظروف البيئية التي قد تؤثر على إفراز الأفلاتوكسينات، مثل درجة الحرارة والرطوبة. ثالثاً، كان من الممكن استخدام تقنيات تحليلية أكثر تطوراً لزيادة دقة النتائج. وأخيراً، كان من الأفضل تضمين توصيات عملية حول كيفية استخدام هذه النتائج في الصناعة الغذائية.
Questions related to the research
  1. ما هي المصادر التي تم عزل الفطريات منها؟

    تم عزل الفطريات من تربة زراعية خصبة، تربة شاطئية، الهواء، والخبز المتعفن.

  2. ما هي التقنية المستخدمة لاختبار قدرة العزلات على إفراز الأفلاتوكسينات؟

    تم استخدام تقنية كروموتوغرافيا الطبقة الرقيقة (TLC) لاختبار قدرة العزلات على إفراز الأفلاتوكسينات.

  3. ما هي العزلة الفطرية التي أظهرت أعلى إفراز للأفلاتوكسينات؟

    العزلة الفطرية Aspergillus flavus S4 أظهرت أعلى إفراز للأفلاتوكسينات.

  4. ما هي النتائج الرئيسية التي توصلت إليها الدراسة؟

    توصلت الدراسة إلى أن التربة هي المصدر الأغنى بالفطور المناسبة للاستخدامات الحيوية، وأن فطر Aspergillus flavus هو الأكثر إفرازاً للأفلاتوكسينات، بينما فطر Aspergillus niger هو الأكثر أماناً من الناحية السمية.


References used
Aziz; S, Y., Tsai,W. Y. and Bullerman, L. B. (1996). Adsorbanceof Mycotoxins on activated charcoal Bentonite and fuller’s earth. Egypt J. Agric. Research. 74(1): 173-184
Aziz; S. Y. and Abdl_Ghaffar, E. A. (2001). Aflatoxins in inoculated raw sesame seeds and its processed sesame halva. Egypt. J. Agric. Res. 79(1): 279-306
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