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The Capitalist World: Autonomous Dynamism and Continuous Crises

العالم الرأسمالي: حيوية ذاتية و أزمات مستمرة

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 Publication date 2009
and research's language is العربية
 Created by Shamra Editor




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The world, especially the capitalistic world, is passing through the worst economic crisis since 1929. This crisis has brought the worst, largest and strongest impact ever in its entire history. The self healing mechanisms the capitalistic world possesses have enabled it in the past and will enable it now to go past this crisis. Economic forecasters and decision-makers should learn lessons and deduce warnings from this crisis, and there seems to be some positive insights and attitudes of which the most important is the rebirth of Mackenzie principles. The other important issue that remains wide open concerns the moral values of the capitalistic society, which is that any materialistictechnological advancement will not be guaranteed in the long run unless it is guided and rationalized by a set of moral values which aim at the higher interests of society.


Artificial intelligence review:
Research summary
تناقش الورقة البحثية للدكتور أسعد ملي الأزمات الاقتصادية التي يمر بها العالم الرأسمالي، مع التركيز على الأزمة المالية لعام 2008. يشير الباحث إلى أن الرأسمالية تمتلك آليات ذاتية للتصحيح تمكنها من تجاوز الأزمات، ولكنه يؤكد على ضرورة أخذ العبر من الأزمات السابقة. يعرض البحث تطور الرأسمالية منذ انهيار الاتحاد السوفيتي وصعودها كالنظام الاقتصادي المهيمن، ويستعرض تأثير العولمة والثورة التكنولوجية على الاقتصاد الرأسمالي. كما يتناول البحث الأزمة المالية الأخيرة، أسبابها وتداعياتها، ويقترح أن العودة إلى المبادئ الكينزية قد تكون حلاً لتجاوز الأزمة. يختتم الباحث بالحديث عن ضرورة وجود منظومة قيمية وأخلاقية لضمان استدامة التقدم المادي والتقني للرأسمالية.
Critical review
دراسة نقدية: رغم أن الورقة تقدم تحليلاً شاملاً للأزمات الاقتصادية في النظام الرأسمالي، إلا أنها قد تكون مفرطة في التفاؤل بشأن قدرة الرأسمالية على التصحيح الذاتي. كما أن التركيز على العوامل الاقتصادية والتكنولوجية قد يغفل الجوانب الاجتماعية والسياسية التي تلعب دوراً مهماً في تشكيل الأزمات وحلها. من المهم أيضاً أن يتم تناول تأثير السياسات الاقتصادية على الفئات الأكثر ضعفاً في المجتمع بشكل أعمق.
Questions related to the research
  1. ما هي الأسباب الرئيسية للأزمة المالية لعام 2008؟

    الأزمة المالية لعام 2008 نتجت عن أزمة الرهن العقاري في الولايات المتحدة، حيث تم منح قروض عقارية عالية المخاطر دون ضوابط كافية، مما أدى إلى تعثر المقترضين وعدم قدرتهم على سداد الديون، وبالتالي انهيار قيم العقارات وأسهم الشركات العقارية.

  2. كيف أثرت العولمة والثورة التكنولوجية على الاقتصاد الرأسمالي؟

    العولمة والثورة التكنولوجية أدت إلى تغييرات جذرية في علاقات الإنتاج، حيث تحول الاقتصاد من تجارة السلع إلى تجارة الخدمات والأموال والأسهم. كما ساهمت التكنولوجيا في زيادة الإنتاجية وتطوير أنماط جديدة من العمل، مما أثر على البنية الهيكلية للاقتصاد الرأسمالي.

  3. ما هي الآليات الذاتية للتصحيح التي تمتلكها الرأسمالية؟

    الرأسمالية تمتلك آليات ذاتية للتصحيح مثل القدرة على التكيف مع الأزمات من خلال الابتكار التكنولوجي، وإعادة توزيع الموارد، وتبني سياسات اقتصادية جديدة مثل العودة إلى المبادئ الكينزية التي تركز على تدخل الدولة في الاقتصاد.

  4. ما هو دور القيم والأخلاق في استدامة النظام الرأسمالي؟

    يشير الباحث إلى أن أي تقدم مادي وتقني لن يكون مستداماً على المدى البعيد إلا إذا كان مدعوماً بمنظومة قيمية وأخلاقية تراعي المصالح العليا للمجتمع. القيم والأخلاق تلعب دوراً مهماً في توجيه السياسات الاقتصادية وضمان العدالة الاجتماعية.


References used
World of work, the magazine of the ILO , No. 27,December,1996,p.4
أبو العلا، محمد حسين، ديكتاتورية العولمة: قراءة تحليلية في فكر المثقف،الطبعة . الأولى، مكتبة مدبولي، القاهرة، 2004
الببلاوي، حازم،اقتصاد السوق والليبرالية،وجهات نظر،العدد 64 ،مايو، القاهرة، . 2004
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