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Register a new userThe Role of Illustration in Establishing the Grammatical Rule
دور الشاهد في بناء القاعدة النحوية
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القواعد قوانين مستنبطة من كلام العرب الذين لم تفسد سلائقهم، و الشاهد يمثل روح القاعدة، إذ يضفي عليها الحياة و المتعة و الأصالة، و الكلام العربي الذي يستشهد به هو القرآن الكريم و الحديث النبوي الشريف و ما أُثر من كلام العرب شعراً و نثراً منذ الجاهلية حتى نهاية عصر الاحتجاج. و مصطلح الشاهد مصطلح عربي أصيل ظهر نتيجة خوف العرب على لغتهم من اللحن، و يعد القرآن الكريم الأصل الأول للاستشهاد، فهو الدعامة التي ترتكز عليها مصادر الاستشهاد الأخرى. يحاول هذا البحث دراسة العلاقة بين القاعدة النحوية و الشواهد، و إظهار دوافع الاستشهاد و طرقه و أركانه و مصادره، و الوقوف عند بعض مرادفاته كالاحتجاج و الاستدلال و التمثيل.
Grammatical rules are deduced from Arabic spoken by ideally intuitive Arabic speakers, and illustration is the spirit of the rule, endowing it with life, pleasure, and originality. The Arabic used in illustration is that of the holy Quran, sayings of the Prophet as well as renowned poetic and prosaic statements by Arabs from the Jahileah period up to 150 Hizra,i.e, the end of the period of providing arguments. The term illustration is an original Arabic term that came out of Arab concern over mistakes in Arabic. The holy Quran is the source of illustrations, as it is the pillar upon which all other illustrations depend. This paper tries to study the relationship between the grammatical rule and illustrations as well as to demonstrate the motives for illustration, its mechanism, principles, and sources. It also tries to address some equivalents such as provision of argument and evidence as well as analogy.
Artificial intelligence review:
Research summary
يتناول البحث دور الشاهد في بناء القاعدة النحوية في اللغة العربية، حيث يعتبر الشاهد جزءًا أساسيًا في إثبات صحة القواعد النحوية. يستعرض البحث مصادر الشواهد التي تشمل القرآن الكريم، الحديث النبوي الشريف، وكلام العرب شعراً ونثراً. يوضح البحث أن القرآن الكريم هو المصدر الأول والأكثر موثوقية للشواهد، يليه الحديث النبوي الشريف، ثم كلام العرب. كما يناقش البحث مصطلحات متعلقة بالاستشهاد مثل الاحتجاج والاستدلال والتمثيل، ويبين الفروق بينها. يعتمد البحث على المنهج الوصفي التحليلي لدراسة الظاهرة اللغوية وتحليلها بدقة. يهدف البحث إلى إبراز أهمية الشاهد في بناء القاعدة النحوية وتوضيح طرق الاستشهاد وكيفيته، بالإضافة إلى توضيح الفروق بين مصطلحات الاستشهاد المختلفة.
Critical review
دراسة نقدية: على الرغم من أهمية البحث في توضيح دور الشاهد في بناء القاعدة النحوية، إلا أن هناك بعض النقاط التي يمكن تحسينها. أولاً، كان من الممكن أن يتناول البحث بشكل أعمق تأثير الشواهد على تطور القواعد النحوية عبر الزمن. ثانياً، لم يتطرق البحث بشكل كافٍ إلى التحديات التي تواجه استخدام الشواهد في العصر الحديث، مثل اختلاف اللهجات وتغير اللغة. ثالثاً، كان من الممكن أن يقدم البحث أمثلة عملية أكثر لتوضيح الفروق بين مصطلحات الاستشهاد والاحتجاج والاستدلال والتمثيل. ومع ذلك، يظل البحث مساهمة قيمة في مجال الدراسات اللغوية والنحوية.
Questions related to the research
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ما هي المصادر الرئيسية للشواهد في بناء القاعدة النحوية؟
المصادر الرئيسية للشواهد هي القرآن الكريم، الحديث النبوي الشريف، وكلام العرب شعراً ونثراً.
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ما هو الفرق بين الاستشهاد والاحتجاج في السياق النحوي؟
الاستشهاد هو ذكر الأدلة النصية المؤكدة للقواعد النحوية، بينما الاحتجاج هو إثبات صحة قاعدة أو استعمال بدليل نقلي يعود إلى من يصح الاحتجاج به.
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لماذا يعتبر القرآن الكريم المصدر الأول والأكثر موثوقية للشواهد؟
لأن القرآن الكريم هو كلام الله تعالى، وهو أفصح كلام وأبلغه، ويعتبر أعلى درجات الفصاحة والبيان.
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ما هي التحديات التي تواجه استخدام الشواهد في العصر الحديث؟
التحديات تشمل اختلاف اللهجات وتغير اللغة، مما يجعل من الصعب الاعتماد على الشواهد القديمة في بعض الأحيان.
References used
البحر المحيط، لأثير الدين أبي حيان محمد بن يوسف النحوي، تح: عادل أحمد عبد الموجود، علي محمد معوض، دار الكتب العلمية، بيروت، د.ت.
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