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Register a new userPositivism and its Critics in International Relations (A Critical Studies of Positivist Theories)
الوضعية و نقادها في العلاقات الدولية (دراسة نقدية للنظريات الوضعية)
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خالد المصري( باحث )
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خلال العقود الماضية ظهرت بعض المداخل و التيارات الجديدة في دراسة العلاقات الدولية. تجمع هذه التيارات على نقد المنهجية و الأسس الابستمولوجية للنظريات الوضعية. تركزت أهم الانتقادات في إمكانية دراسة العلاقات الدولية دراسة علمية كما ندرس العلوم الطبيعية. فبينما انطلقت النظريات الوضعية من وحدة العلوم و تطبيق أسس البحث العلمي القائمة على الملاحظة و التجريب، رأت التيارات الجديدة بضرورة التركيز على العوامل الاجتماعية و الثقافية. في هذا البحث حاولنا تقييم إسهام النظريات الوضعية (الواقعية، الليبرالية) و أهم الانتقادات الموجهة لها من قبل التيارات النقدية (مدرسة فرانكفورت، مابعد الحداثة)، و دراسة المشهد الحالي لعلم العلاقات الدولية.
The last few decades witnessed the rise of new approaches or frameworks in the study of International relations. These new approaches are called post positivism. Most of these approaches share a common view regarding the positivist theories which dominated international relations and political science for more than sixty years. The new directions criticize the methodology and the epistemological and ontological assumptions of positivism. In this paper we try to evaluate the contribution of the positivist theories in international relations and the arguments of the new approaches, mainly Critical theory, post-modernism and social constructivism.
References used
عيسى عبدالله، في نظرية المعرفة، أكاديمية الفكر الجماهيري، بنغازي، 2011
Anthony Giddens, Politics, Sociology and social theory, London, Stanford,1995
Bruce Russett, Grasping the Democratic Peace, New York, Princeton, 1993
Daniel S. Geller, David Singer, Nations at War A Scientific Study of International Conflict, Cambridge, Cambridge University Press, 1998
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Construct
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