A popular approach to decompose the neural bases of language consists in correlating, across individuals, the brain responses to different stimuli (e.g. regular speech versus scrambled words, sentences, or paragraphs). Although successful, this model
-free' approach necessitates the acquisition of a large and costly set of neuroimaging data. Here, we show that a model-based approach can reach equivalent results within subjects exposed to natural stimuli. We capitalize on the recently-discovered similarities between deep language models and the human brain to compute the mapping between i) the brain responses to regular speech and ii) the activations of deep language models elicited by modified stimuli (e.g. scrambled words, sentences, or paragraphs). Our model-based approach successfully replicates the seminal study of Lerner et al. (2011), which revealed the hierarchy of language areas by comparing the functional-magnetic resonance imaging (fMRI) of seven subjects listening to 7min of both regular and scrambled narratives. We further extend and precise these results to the brain signals of 305 individuals listening to 4.1 hours of narrated stories. Overall, this study paves the way for efficient and flexible analyses of the brain bases of language.
Recent evidence supports a role for coreference processing in guiding human expectations about upcoming words during reading, based on covariation between reading times and word surprisal estimated by a coreference-aware semantic processing model (Ja
ffe et al. 2020).The present study reproduces and elaborates on this finding by (1) enabling the parser to process subword information that might better approximate human morphological knowledge, and (2) extending evaluation of coreference effects from self-paced reading to human brain imaging data. Results show that an expectation-based processing effect of coreference is still evident even in the presence of the stronger psycholinguistic baseline provided by the subword model, and that the coreference effect is observed in both self-paced reading and fMRI data, providing evidence of the effect's robustness.
The Brain Computer Interface (BCI) is considered the latest development of the Human Computer Interface (HCI). Unlike traditional input devices (keyboard, mouse, etc.) BCI reads brain signals from different areas of the human head and translates thes
e signals into commands that can control the computer.
The importance of BCI comes from its many applications such as medical applications, especially to assist people with disabilities to help them deal with computers, and help people with Locked-In Syndrome to communicate with the outside world. and advertising applications to see how much the customer appreciates the product, Security applications, or finding a new way to play games using your brain.
The aim of this research is to demonstrate the most recent solutions to the problems faced by computer-brain interfaces and the algorithms used to classify brain signals. The difficulty of this research is the in extracting and processing the signal.
The research aimed to identifying the relationship between the creative thinking
strategies and enhancing the competitive advantage in Tishreen university. By identifying
the extent of the impact of each dimensions of creative thinking strategies a
nd the methods
used to implement these strategies on the human resource characteristic and distinctive
competencies. The researcher relied on the Deductive Approach and on the descriptive
approach as a general method. She has distributed the questionnaire to 350 people, they are
members of the teaching staff and the heads of section, who work in Tishreen university.
This study has concluded to several results, the most important one was that there were
significant relationship between creative thinking strategies and enhancing the competitive
advantages. But this relationship is weak, because of the weakness of training programs,
especially in the field of creative thinking. The researcher reviewed many important results
at the end of this research, and also presented several proposals and recommendations, and
the most important of it was: the need of the university to conduct training courses for their
employees, especially for development creative thinking skills, and definite their
employees to the important of using creative thinking strategies in their work, in order to
develop their skills and knowledge as the reflect on the develop of their performance, and
enhance the competitive advantages.
A number of patients who had undergone to craniotomies for tumor resection,
re- intubated in ICU as urgent procedure. This may result in poor prognosis, overloading the staff, and
high cost.
The goal is looking for clinical, surgical, and laborato
ry risk factors helping in early detection of cases
which require keep ETT in place and maintaining of ventilation.
thinking fast and slow, thinking fast and slow, thinking fast and slow, thinking fast and slow, thinking fast and slow, thinking fast and slow, thinking fast and slow, thinking fast and slow, thinking fast and slow, thinking fast and slow, thinking f
ast and slow, thinking fast and slow, thinking fast and slow, thinking fast and slow,
Some characteristics of β-galactosidase enzyme that was isolated from a new
born goat brain were studied. This study concluded that the enzyme is glucoenzyme
in which the carbohydrate part constitutes 22.1% in accordance with
phenol –sulfate acid
method.
The optimum pH for the enzyme activity is 5.5. The enzyme lost its activity
completely at pH8.5, and showed great stability at the range of pH 4-6.
The results indicated that the optimum temperature for the enzyme activity
is 55Co at the optimum pH. The stability temperature for the enzyme is
35-60Co.
The analytical results of 5%lactose solution hydrolyzed by the enzyme have
indicated that the hydrolysis rate is between 40% after 60 minutes, to 95%
after 270 minutes.
β-galactosidase enzyme was isolated from the new born goat brain by nine
methods, It was found that the sodium acetate 0.2 Mole/Liter +0.2Mole/Liter
NaCl PH5 method have given the highest specific activity of crude enzyme in
comparison with the ot
her methods. Also, this enzyme was purified by using
four methods, the second one (cold acetone) was the butter. As a result the
purification fold was about 135.46 times and the yield about 77.14% by using
Sephacryl S200 (second step). This enzyme is 187.437 KDa as a molecular
weight.
