التشريح الأساسي، تشريح الطرف السفلي
عظام الطرف السفلي
عظام الفخذ
عظام الساق
الظنبوب
الشظية
عظام الرصغ
عظام العقب
عظام القعب
العظم الزورقي
العظم النردي
العظام الاسفينية
العظام المشطية
This study aimed to provide an assessment of some anatomical
characteristics of the formal comparison to the kidneys of dogs
and sheep by studying of macroscopic anatomical differences and
morphometric measurement between the studied kidneys . (20
)
Kidneys were taken randomly during the slaughter of ten heads of
sheep in the local slaughterhouses, regardless of gender and age ,
Animals were clinically free of diseases and (20) kidneys were
taken from ten local stray dogs and regardless of gender and age ,
Animals were clinically free of diseases . the study showed the
presence of Morvomitrih differences in kidney (length – width -
thickness - weight) and some anatomical variations (renal pelvis -
renal Columns )between the kidneys of sheep and dogs. The study
pointed out there are many similarities between the kidneys of
sheep and dogs whereas revealed the length of the dogs kidneys.
Few researchers have made a comprehensive study of the morphology of the
root canals of the primary molars. Thorough knowledge in internal anatomy of the primary molars is
useful in reducing the problems of endodontic therapy arising due to the ana
tomical variation in root
canals, which are clinically difficult to be detected.
Exploration the root canals of primary molars with regard to its number, variations, and accessory canals
in the furcation region.
the complication of the internal anatomy of primary molars causing complication in
endodontic treatment so the results of this study suggest avoiding pulpectomy in primary molars where
ever possible.
Our study focused on the relationship between root
Trunk length prevalence, Types of root trunk and furcation involvement in
molars.
Statistical results presented short root trunks in maxillary (1st &
2nd) molars were located buccally , whereas t
he long root trunks is located
mesially. Also for Mand. (1st & 2nd ) molar short root trunks were found
buccally but the long root trunks where found lingually and the lingual root
trunks were longer in mand, 2nd than mand 1st molars.
The results of studying of histological structure of leaf and stem , stomata
patterns, the shape and size of stomata and the shape of epidermis cells and its
walls between some of hypericum genus spceis (family clusiaceae), show that
there are rel
evant anatomical differences among the studied species, which can
be considered as taxonomical criteria for distinguishing the studied species of
Hypericum genus from each other.
