Introduction : Premature rupture of membranes (PROM) occurs in 10% of
pregnancies , while 3-5% of pregnancies are complicated with Preterm rupture of
membranes (PPROM) .
Aim : To study the role of uterine cervix injuries in PROM .
Materials and M
ethods :This is a case-control retrospective study conducted at
Obstetrics and Gynecology Department at Al-Assad and Tishreen University Hospitals ,
Lattakia , Syria , during the period between January 2015 – July 2017 .
The case group consisted of 90 PROM patients with a history or a physical
examination suggesting a cervical traumatic injury after exclusion the traditional risk
factors of premature rupture of membranes,
The control group consisted of 50 healthy pregnant women who successfully
completed the pregnancy without PROM.
This paper presents the application of electromagnetic wave
scattering in human cervical cells. Particularly, studying the effect
of morphological and physiological alterations on the properties of
light scattering. Tissue alterations are caused b
y multi-grade
dysplastic cervical cells and its internal structures.
Cancer is generally causing a second death after heart and blood vessels in the
developed countries diseases is cervical cancer, the second most common cancer among
women in developed and developing countries and is considered the early detection o
f
cervical cancer is a very important factor in the increase cure rate and the rate of survival,
and the most important ways screening Pap smear to detect abnormal changes in cervical
tissue and recommended to initiate it every three years for women in the age of sexual
activity and is an easy and inexpensive and painless, and high sensitivity and contributes to
reducing the burden treatment and reduce the deaths and morbidity rate., according to
several studies there are many obstacles that prevent it, including the lack of information,,
difficulty of access to hospitals, pain, cost, side effects, feeling of shame and
embarrassment of procedure, lack of encouragement by the health team, or the husband,
not feeling any symptoms paid to conduct the examination, and the fear of discovery of the
cancer . the importance of this study was to find out the obstacles that limit the conduct
smear screening in the Syrian society and propose appropriate solutions in addition to that
not conducted any study in this area in Syria this research was conducted on a sample of
100 married woman of tishreen University Hospital in Latakia in manner convenient
sampling. The results showed that the majority of respondents (80%) did not undergo the
smear examination, and that the majority of the respondents (93.75%) who did not undergo
the smear examination was due to the lack of women's problem to have, and it was the
reason (75%) of cases they fear the cancer is detected and 85% of them feel ashamed and
embarrassed of the vote and (12.5%) do not have the time to conduct and (62.5 %) they
believe that the procedure is painless and (90%) was the lack of encouragement from the
doctors and nurses and the proportion (87.5%) was the lack of information about the
procedure,
Therefore proposed design and implementation of educational programs about the
importance , benefits and methode of screening.
Uterine curettage is considered the fundamental procedure in the treatment of
abortions especially in complete and missed abortions in many counties despite the availability of many alternative methods to treat these cases. It is also widely used as
a diagnostic means to diagnoses the endometrial abnormalities which cause abnormal uterine bleeding. This research aims to figure out complications rate which occur during uterine curettage and the subsequent complications rate and to identify the most important causes of them for the purpose of knowing the efficiency and the safety of the diagnostic and therapeutic uterine curettage.
The research was conducted in the department of obstetrics and gynecology at Al-Assad university hospital in Lattakia in the period between (1/1/2014) – (30/6/2015). The study included (100) patient, who submitted to colposcopy and Papanicolaou smear
to detect the effect of early marriage (early onset of sexual activity) on colposcopic and cellular finding in cervix . The results in (early married women) group (50) patient were compared to control group from patients who (not early married women)group (50) patient. We found that there was important difference in the rate of abnormal colposcopic findings : This rate in early married women was (26%) and in the second was (12%). We also found that there was important difference in the rate of abnormal cellular findings: This rate in early married women was (18%) and in the second was (8%). This assure the effect of early onset of sexual activity (early marriage) on colposcopical and cellular finding in cervix with assuring on the importance of frequent colposcopy and Papanicolaou smear test.
As the prevalence of obesity has been increasing rapidly worldwide in recent times where
became of the most important diseases of age and the most influential public health, where a
second reason stainless prevention after smoking and leading to de
adly diseases, where it proved its
relationship with many cancers, especially cancers women such as cancer of the endometrine of the
uterus and breast cancer, where one study showed that obesity increases the progression of a range
of cancers also increase the proportion of morbidity and mortality resulting scientifically it is useful
to highlight the impact of obesity on the cellular changes and cervical colposcopy.
Research aim and justifications:To draw attention to the importance of obesity as a potential
factor to cause cellular alterations in the cervix due to it being a factor can be prevented and thus
emphasize the need to include obese within the league scanning programs.
The absence of a similar earlier study in Assad University Hospital.
Research methods and materials:Study 100 included sick of reviews the department of obstetrics
and gynecology at the Assad University Hospital in Lattakia during the period between 01/01/2012
and 01/01/2014, where they were questioning the patients and record information on Bmhar body
mass (weight, height) and did not study included patients smokers or users of oral contraceptives or
devices within the uterus (IUDs) or pregnant women or women with frequent infections.
Results :
- The existence of consensus between the results of endoscopic magnifier of the cervix and
cytological tests observed any that theory has not ignored any abnormal condition, with some cases
of false positive and this goes back to that colposcopy is a diagnostic test depends on the evaluation
of endoscopy specialist and his expertise in the interpretation of laparoscopic assets.
- Also found consensus among the results of smear and cellular screening with the presence
also some cases of false positive and this is due to not taking the biopsy directed properly, as is the
smear relatively test depends on the estimation of anatomy specialist patients and the presence of
abnormalities cell or to the extent this anomaly or for the possibility of error contained in the way
sampling or sample installed.
Conclusion:It turns out the study and depending on the value of the P value of a relationship
between obesity and assets laparoscopic and cellular cervix and thus conclude that all of Stain and
theorizing magnifier of the cervix and Sillete survey competently and are necessary can rely on
them in the initial survey for cancerous lesions and pre-cancer of the cervix in women obese.
The study is carried on 65 pregnant patients attending the outpatient clinics and
inpatient department of Obstetrics and Gynecology of Al Assad University Hospital from
February- 2013 until February- 2014. They were divided to three groups. The fir
st is
preterm labor with intact membranes (25 patients). The second is PROM (20 patients). The
third one is control group (20 patients). All of them were submitted to ultrasonography to
find cervical changes (cervical canal length and diameter of internal os in order to predict
preterm delivery. Cervical canal length has a sensitivity of 91.43%, a specificity of 100%,
a positive predictive value of 100%, a negative predictive value of 76.92%, and a relative
risk (95% CI) of 4.33 (1.61-11.69) among patients with short cervical canal length and
those with normal cervix.
Diameter of internal os as a predictor of preterm delivery has a sensitivity of 60%, a
specificity of 60%, a positive predictive value of 84%, a negative predictive value of 30%,
and a relative risk (95% CI) of 1.2 (0.86–1.68).
This research was carried out in the Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology in Alassad Hospital of Tishreen University in Lattakia in the period between 5th of Jan 2012 to 1st of Aug 2013. The sample tested was divided into two groups: 100 pregnant
women, and 50 not pregnant.
The study showed that the ratio of the sensitivity of Pap test in pregnancy was 100%, and its quality was 76.74%. The Compatibility with overall histological diagnosis was 79.38%.
However, the ratio of the sensitivity of Colposcopy was 90.91% and its quality was 76.74%. The Compatibility with overall histological diagnosis was 78.35%.
Thus we conclude that both Pap Smear and colposcopy are safe and good scanning tools. They can be used in the preliminary prognosis for carcinomatous and precarcinomatous tumors through the duration of pregnancy.
Cervix cancer is one of the most important gynecological
cancers ,which is possible to be reduced by using early precancerous
detecting technics .
Objective : The aim of the study is to highlighten the colposcopy as a device
for early detection o
f precancerous lesions in the cervix , and compare the
results with histopathology .
Mankind is still suffering from many diseases , and with the
development of civilization there are many diseases that appear with
different clinical types , but tumors, especially malignant , are still very
important.
Cervical cancer is the secon
d common cancer in women , as it is the cause of
more than 200.000 deaths annually. Hence the importance of early detection
of cervical cancer and of decreasing mortality.
