The Ayyubid state, which extended from 568 - 661 AH / 1173-1263, was an
important stage in the history of Islamic steadfastness in the face of the Crusader invasion.
The factor of steadfastness in the face of this invasion was the most important ro
le of the
Ayyubid state and its emergence. The emergence idea of Ayyubid state has the banner of
Jihad to expel the invaders, which lasted during the reign of Salah al-Din.
However, the continuation of adopting this idea vanished soon after the death of its
founder Salah al-Din; his inheritors forgot the idea of jihad, and engaged in internal
conflicts and expansionist ambitions, which was the main cause of the failure of this state
in addition to the reasons ,are no less important, discussed in this paper, including the
situation of the Muslim world and its succession, which was supposed to be a supporter
factor for other Islamic forces defending this Islamic world, including the Ayyubid state.
On the contrary, this caliphate suffered from disintegration which was a weakness and
pressure factor on these forces. In addition to other factors that were talked about in the
paper that contributed significantly to the failure of this state, including the economic
factor, religious factor and genetic factor.
This paper also discussed the relationship between the Ayyubid state and the other
Islamic forces, which was hostile rather than peaceful, which made them exhausted their
forces and the forces of these Islamic countries.
يتضمن هذا البحث جمع عشرون عينة غذائية من منشأ نباتي وحيواني مختلفة المصدر من الأسواق التجارية , و وضعها ضمن أكياس نايلون معقمة تفادياً للتلوث ونقلها للمختبر
The aim of this search is to detect the level of the intelligence, the spread rate of the natural and artificial breastfeeding at sample individuals, and determining the differences at the level of intelligence between the children who had natural br
eastfeeding and the children who had artificial breastfeeding. The sample includes (260) schoolboys and schoolgirls from the third and sixth grade, and uses the GoodEnough′s Test for man drawing. The results varied between the males and the females as to the levels of the intelligence – they were in favor of males, and the spread rate of the natural breastfeeding was more than the spread rate of the artificial breastfeeding. However, there were no differences with statistical indications between the children who had natural breastfeeding and the children who had artificial breastfeeding in the Intelligence Test at the indication level (0.05).
موضوع البحث يتعلق بالعنصرية المقيتة التي فرضت نفسها على كثير من الشعوب و استغلت من قبل مروجيها لتكون أداة تحقير للإنسان و شل لقدراته من خلال تغذية النزاعات العنصرية و الدفاع عن أسسها الدينية و الفلسفية التي يروج لها أصحابها، فأردت من هذه الدراسة أن أ
كشف عن ضعف المحتوى العلمي و الفلسفي الذي تستند إليه تلك النظرية، و تقديم دراسة علمية تُعنى بأصل الفكرة
و جذورها و ترد على شبهات أهلها، ثم تقديم لمحات عامة لقانون المساواة و العدالة الإنسانية عند المسلمين من خلال المصادر الأساسية.
