Pragmatic focused on the study of verbal methods and Semantic effects associated with the Maqama context, pragmatic interest in language is manifested by Focusing on the method of use , linking it to the achievement plan , and its impact on the liste
ner . The research attempts to high light the most important verbal acts used by Ibn Al-Wardi in his maqama. In which he was able to influence the recipient , by specifying the achievement purposes of the various direct and indirect verbal acts . The research found that maqama discourse is a fertile field for practicing pragmatic procedures represented in the theory of verbs acts thanks to its linguistic issues and contextual dimensions .
This research presents an experimental study about the effect of steel fibers on the
main variables of stress- strain curve for high strength concrete on simple compression,
which are: shape of stress- strain curve, ductility factor, energy absorpt
ion capacity. For
this purpose, series of cylinders concrete specimens were prepared in compressive strength
(70 MPa). the steel fiber with aspect ratio of L/D =70 were added at the volume fractions
of (0-1-1.5-2)%. The cylinders were tested under a monotonic loading at compression, and
as a result of the tests, the total curve of stress- strain was obtained. The experimental
results of research showed a positive effect of steel fibers on the behavior of high strength
concrete, this effect increased with increasing volume fraction of steel fibers. It can be seen
from stress-strain curve, whereas the slope of the ascending branch is not much affected.
The descending branch of the stress- strain curve decreases by the increase in the fiber
volume fraction. This means the ductility and toughness improve with the addition of steel
fibers and as a result the behavior of high strength concrete has gone far away from being
brittle as it is used to be.
The Maqamat art grew up and its limits settled down at Al Badeea Maqamat limits(398 AH), and Al Hariri (516 AH). No one contested that. Thus, their methods represented rules and concept which the Andalusian followed. And their imitation became creati
on and the manufactured imitation increased suggesting the following of the patterns which were themselves an evidence of superiority. Researchers, almost, haven’t got one opinion about the nature of the narration in the Maqamat and its artistic value. Some of them refused it completely: others confirmed it permanently. We notice that the judgement of the opposers and the confirmers tended to generalization. The Maqama is a literary genre which has its own artistic qualities even though its limits interacted with other literary arts. The essay has its importance because it aims at conceiving the Andalusian Maqama limit, and the narrative elements in it, depending on inducting some of the Andalusian Maqama describing and analyzing it.
Al-Andalucia Magamat book was not far away from the variety of life scenes intheir society.But,by their intelligent awareness they could select some of their problems and re-organise them in artistic picture,trying seriously to find suitions.they con
ceived by their deep sight how to react sensibly with their fact,when they wanted to depict a phenomenon.They used certain tools to depict the corruption describing the state,the complaint,the sarcasm,the humour and Al-Makdi type.This study aims to throw thelight on these tools which Al-Makdi writers and the Andalucians used to direct their critical arrows towards all that caused their psychological pressure.This study also depends on descriptionand analysis as a method to achieve this aim.
هدف هذا البحث إلى إثبات وجود تناص بين نص (المقامة الأسدية) لبديع
الزمان الهمذاني (م 398 ه) و نص (صفة الأسد) لأبي زبيد الطائي (م 60 ه)، و هو النص الذي رواه ابن سلام في ترجمته للشاعر، نظراً إلى ما يجد المرء بينهما من وجوه تشابه تتمثل في عدد من المستوي
ات التي يصعب أن تأتي متوافقة بين نصين متباعدين زمنياً و بالتسلسل ذاته من غير وجود تأثير للنص الأقدم في النص الأحدث.
The story is a beautiful piece of art and it has many kinds in the
ancient Arabic literature. the research studies the different kinds of
narrative story in Andalusian literature.
