This research is based on comparisons between Arabic and Ugaritic.The considered side requires both theoretical and practical requirements .The theoretical requirement is for prepare an Arabic lexicon demonstrates the Lingual developments
and describe the Ugaritic language semanticlly.The practical one is by etymoning . it means studying the etymons of the Arabic vocabularies in the ancient semantic . and prepare for Ugaritic lexicon The Ugaritic language is considered as a practical example of the semitic language in the comparative analysis for the lexical and semantic phenomena Arabic is one of the nearest languages to the Ugaritic, and both of them retain the ancient sematic language structure
This research is done to identify the structures of the verb in Ugaritic Language in a
comparative study in Arabic.
This study shows that the verb in Ugaritic Language is studied in terms of its
derivative “root”, its original characters “abstract
ion”, its extra characters , suffixes,
prefixes and, infix , its form and metres “inflection”, its syntactic forms , and its tenses
that it indicates.
Also this study shows that the verb in Ugaritic Language is studied by looking into
its meaning whether it is an intransitive or transitive verb. In addition to study the relations
“syntactic functions” in the Ugaritic sentence.
This research is done to study the case markers in the Ugaritic language and see the
syntactic positions of expressions in the sentence, by applying the comparatives method.
We show in this study that the noun is used in the case marked expressions
, i. e its case
changes in accordance with to its place in the sentence and in accordance to the functional
element preceding it, so that it could be nominative, accusative or object to a preposition.
And our study shows that the present verb could be also cased-marked: it can be
nominative, accusative or jussive, and that the case markers can be in this sematic
language: case markers, letters, a vowel deletion, or nun- deletion too.
Because the Ugaritic language has three symbols for the Hamza with short sounds,
they correspond to the case markers in Arabic and the case shows itself in (a) (u) and (i)
showing themselves in final position clearly. By comparing the Ugaritic expressions and
the Arabic ones we have noticed that we have three case markers, namely (a) (u) and (i).
This study alludes to the case markers common in both the language and to those that are
different too.
Arabic and Ugaritic languages both belong to one linguistic
origin, and are connected with similar relations that came to both from
the Proto Semitic.
The linguistic materials are precisely read from the Ugarit texts
in order to extract all joint
or non-joint features. The comparisons and
their counters in Arabic languages will be in the light of the other Semitic
languages such as Phoenician-Canaanite, Hebrew, Syriac, and Akkadian
languages.
And since the letter “M” is a linguistic sound, which plays in
other languages ( rather than Arabic) the role that letter “N” plays
grammatically in Arabic language like dual ,normal, phonetic alterations,
and in structuring verbs, names, articles and pronouns.
Such comparative linguistic study between the two languages is
indicative dictionaric and phonetic comparisons, Moreover, it is a
continuation of the old origins of phonetic structures of pronunciation in
Arabic Language, a rejection of the indicative alternations and an
extraction of the phonetic laws that control the linguistic materials which
are under those linguistic comparisons.
