The antibacterial activity of Inula viscosa L. leaves extracts against some pathogenic bacteria, which were isolated from Al-Assad hospital laboratory in Lattakia, was tested by disc diffusion method.
Results showed that water extracts had antibacte
rial activity against all Gram positive and negative bacteria. The diameters of inhibition zones were between 9 mm against Pseudomonas aeroginosa and 41 mm against Proteus vulgaris.
All Gram positive bacteria showed sensitivity to all organic extracts, so they had antibacterial activity, while Gram negative bacteria showed resistance to chloroform extract except for the one of Klebsiella pneumoniae with an inhibition zone of 12 mm, and resistance for dichlormethan extract except for Pseudomonas aeruginosa with an inhibition zone of 15 mm. there was resistance for diethyl extract except for Serratia marcescens with an inhibition zone of 32 mm.
Ethyl acetate extract had antibacterial activity against all bacteria. Ethanol, methanol and acetone extracts showed antibacterial activity against all bacteria except for Escherichia coli with an inhibition zone of 10 mm.
This study indicated that water and organic Inula viscosa L. leaves extracts had antibacterial activity against pathogenic bacteria which also was tested, especially water extract, ethanol, methanol, ethyl acetate and hexane extracts. So the Inula viscosa L. leaves extracts may be sources for natural antibiotic in future.
This study examines the ability of some marine algae (Padina pavonica and Hypnea musciformis) on accumulating polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHS). The samples were collected from five sites on the Syrian coast during 2011.
The study revealed t
hat the studied algae were able to accumulate PAHs. Their concentrations in Padina pavonica ranged from 21.53 to 54.76 ng/g dw, While in Hypenea they ranged from 43.59 to 24.96. ng/g dw.
The Padina Pavonica of DIRASAT site accumulated the largest amount of PAHs compounds, while the highest concentrations of these compounds in Hypenea Musciformis were observed in the BISTAN AL-BASHA site. Fluorine and phenanthrene recorded high concentration in the studied algae in comparison with the rest of the aromatic compounds containing three aromatic rings, and the total concentration of the compounds with three rings was higher than that in those compounds with four or five aromatic rings.
The logarithm bioconcentration factors (log BCF) of the aromatic compounds with three aromatic rings was close to the logarithm octanol/water partitioning coefficients (log Kow ), unlike the compounds with higher rings, where log BCF was obviously less than that in the corresponding log Kow.
The goal of this study is to compare three bony structures in order to choose the best method for the age determination of Chondrostoma regium inhabiting the Tishreen Reservior (Euphrates River). So, 214 individuals were collected between 15/7/2011 a
nd 15/5/2012 using appropriate gill nets. Scales, vertebrae and operculum were independently used by two readers to estimate the age. Mean ages were estimated for each bony structure-reader combination and the precision of age estimated from multiple readings was evaluated. Furthermore, the error of ageing was calculated.
The results showed that the fish ages were varied between (2-6), (3-6) and (2-5) years- judged by scales, vertebrae and operculum respectively.
Results also showed that vertebrae were the most reliable bony structure for estimating the ages of Chondrostoma regium as they had the highest agreement and the lowest ageing error.
The following Fungal species were isolated from therhizosphere of wheat plant (TriticumaestivumL.): Trichodermaharzianum, T. viride, T. longibrachiatum, Rhizoctoniasolani, Alternariaalternata, Fusariumsolani, Fusariumoxysporum and Aspergillusniger. I
t was shown that all isolated fungi had the capacity to produce cellulase in solid medium (CMC- Agar), while the fungus T.viride gave the highest capability for the production of this enzyme(5.16). The fungus Rhizoctoniasolani gave less productive ratio (2.61). Quantitative test using Mandelium liquid medium showed that the fungus T.viride had the highest productivity of Cellulase(4.39 U/mL), and this fungus had greater biomass (8.96 g/L). The fungus Rhizoctoniasolani gave lower enzyme productivity(2.04 U/mL) and its biomass reached(4.65 g/L). The study of different carbon sources for the fungus T.harzianum showed that Sucrose was the best media in Cellulase productivity. It reached (3.87U/mL), and the biomass was (2.83 g/L).
This environmental research was conducted on the coastal water of Tartous city for the first time to complement previous studies along the Syrian coast. Sampling station were selected based on their different environmental characteristics from each o
thers on one hand, and their continuous exposure to the sources of pollution (oil, chemical, organic) on the other hand. It hasbeen implemented13sortiesfreelyduring the study period, which lasted fromSeptember2013untilSeptember2014. during which water samples were collected for analysis and determine the concentration of nutrients in, as vital samples to study and determine the types of phytoplankton, which collected, in addition to conducting field measurements of some properties Physical seawater (temperature, pH, salinity, oxygen dissolved concentration). This study has recorded 160 species of phytoplankton in study sites, distributed as follows: 91 species of Chryssophyta, 50 of Pyrrophyta, 11 of Chlorophyta, and 8 of Cyanophyta, their distribution has differed from one site to another and from month to monthaccordingto the differentiation in the environmental conditions.
The Caper (Capparis spinosa L.) is Plant, which has an economic value and high medical efficiency. The populations of this plant have an evident morphological diversity in our nature.
This research is devoted for studying the diversity of the variet
ies of the plant Capparis spinosa L., depending on protein contents properties of leaves and seeds, by Quantitative study and Electrophoresis (SDS-PAGE) method.
The aim is to check if these norms confirm or change the Classification grade of the varieties of the studied plant.
Our results show that existence of homogeneity between these Varieties, in the same time an acceptable differences. This can be considered among classification standard to help distinguish the different forms of Capparis spinosa L. plant and still regarded as Varieties.
Spices are becoming increasingly important world-wide due to their effectiveness as natural antibiotics, the thing that makes the world nowadays tend to use spices instead of chemical drugs. However, this doesn’t mean they are free of some dangerous
pathogens such as Klebsiella spp. which can lead to a wide range of illnesses, notably pneumonia, urinary tract infections (UTIs), and bacteremia. Although we don’t know the natural habitat of this bacterium we find that it thrives in herbs and spices, concluding thus that plants may be its natural habitat.
The primary isolation of this bacterium was based first on its growth on general media and then isolation on selective media. Colonies of the microorganisms were counted on different media then Klebsiella was isolated from a selective media. The isolated colonies of Klebsiella were circular, dome-shaped, 3-4 mm in diameter, with mucoid sticky edges, and surrounded by capsule. After this we chose the typical colony and identified it using Polymerase chain reaction PCR and biochemical tests. Our results showed that 32% of examined specimen contained Klebsiella spp.
This research aims to study the distribution of Phytoplankton in four locations which have different environmental specifications, in addition to study some environmental factors of Alhaffeh Dam water that affect the distribution of the phytoplankt
on (Temperature ,BOD, DO, pH, NO3, NO2, NH4, PO4). Samples were collected from different locations of the Dam basin from June 2011 to May 2012 once or twice a month. (84) species of Phytoplankton were identified and were distributed as: (38) species of Chrysophyta, (36) species of Diatomophyceae, (2) species of Chrysophycea, (25) species of Chlorophyta, (20) species of Cyanophyta, (2) species of Pyrrhophyta, and (5) species of Euglenophyta. The results show apparent changes in physical and chemical properties of water during this study. This is the first study of the phytoplankton on the water of Alhaffeh Dam.
The purpose of this study was to determine the best method for age estimation by comparing scales, vertebrae and operculum of Acanthobrama marmid inhabiting the Tishreen Reservoir (Euphrates River).
An overall of 194 specimens of Acanthobrama marmid
were collected between 15/7/2011 and 15/5/2012 using appropriate gill nets. Each bony structure was examined independently by two readers without referring to any information except for the date of capture. The precision of the readers was estimated and ageing error was determined by analysis of variation.
Our results showed that vertebrae were determined to be the best reliable bony structure for ageing Acanthobrama marmid because of them having the highest precision and the lowest ageing error.
This study was conducted on twenty white rats were distributed into five
groups and injected over a month and a half at different doses (ranging
from 150 - 950 mg / kg) of cimetidine.
