للتوابل أهمية آخذة في الازدياد نظراً إلى احتوائها على عناصر فعالة و كونها تُستعمل كصادات حيوية، و في الوقت الحاضر يتجه العالم نحو استعمال بعض التوابل بدلاً من الأدوية الكيماوية، إلا أن ذلك لا يعني خلوها من عوامل ممرضة قد تكون خطيرة و منها جراثيم الكلِبْسيلَّة Klebsiella spp. التي يمكن أن تُسبب العديد من الحالات المرضية، و لاسيَّما الالتهاب الرئوي، إنتانات المسالك البولية، و تجرثم الدم. و بالرغم من أن الموطن الطبيعي للكلِبْسيلَّة غير محدد بدقة إلا أنَّ وجودها بنسبة كبيرة في التوابل قد يشير إلى أن النباتات تمثل الخازن الطبيعي لها.
أُجري العزل الأولي للكلِبْسيلَّة بتنميتها على وسط منمي عام، ثمَّ على وسط اصطفائي، إن مستعمرات الكلِبْسيلَّة المعزولة دائرية محدبة قطرها 3-4 مم، ذات حواف مخاطية و لزجة، و تكون محاطة بمحفظة. و أمكن تحديد هويتها من خلال التفاعل السلسلي للبوليميراز PCR، و الاختبارات الحيوية الكيميائية. و قد أظهرت النتائج أن نحو 32% من العينات المدروسة تحتوي جراثيم الكلِبْسيلَّة.
Spices are becoming increasingly important world-wide due to their effectiveness as natural antibiotics, the thing that makes the world nowadays tend to use spices instead of chemical drugs. However, this doesn’t mean they are free of some dangerous pathogens such as Klebsiella spp. which can lead to a wide range of illnesses, notably pneumonia, urinary tract infections (UTIs), and bacteremia. Although we don’t know the natural habitat of this bacterium we find that it thrives in herbs and spices, concluding thus that plants may be its natural habitat.
The primary isolation of this bacterium was based first on its growth on general media and then isolation on selective media. Colonies of the microorganisms were counted on different media then Klebsiella was isolated from a selective media. The isolated colonies of Klebsiella were circular, dome-shaped, 3-4 mm in diameter, with mucoid sticky edges, and surrounded by capsule. After this we chose the typical colony and identified it using Polymerase chain reaction PCR and biochemical tests. Our results showed that 32% of examined specimen contained Klebsiella spp.
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Enterobacter sakazakii is considered an opportunistic pathogen that has
been associated with severe lethal infections especially in neonates, elderly, and
Immunocompromised adults. E. sakazakii is a Gram negative, facultative
anaerobes rod-shaped
This study has been conducted to identify the levels of heavy
metals (lead, cadmium, nickel, cobalt, copper, iron, manganese, and
zinc) in the following spices: Nutmeg, turmeric, cinnamon, ginger,
cardamom, nigella sativa, black pepper, cumin, coriander, curry,
and mixed spices.
The concentrations of Copper (Cu) and Zinc (Zn) in samples of some spices
available at some local markets in Syria were determined, after nitric digestion, using
Atomic Absorption Spectrometry. The study showed differences in metal concentrations
Formaldehyde is classified by the World Health Organization (International Agency
for Research on Cancer) as a carcinogen in Group 1. The upper limit allowed for use in
cosmetic products as a preservative has to not exceed 0.2%. This study aims to
Three hundreds and thirty samples of raw milk and some of the Syrian
dairy products collected during 2002-2003 from different areas of Syria, and
were used to detect the presecne of Listeria in these products.
Results indicated that mainly L. mono