The phenotypic correlation and path analysis coefficient for grain yield and its components in four local maize (Zea mays L.) genotypes

The present investigation was undertaken to estimate phenotypic correlation and path coefficient analysis for grain yield and its components in maize. Four local genotypes of yellow maize were evaluated in 2008 and 2009 growing seasons at two locations i.e. Damascus and Dir Al-Zor under three nitrogen fertilization levels (130, 195 and 260 of N. ha-1), The nitrogen fertilizer was applied at two splits. Split split plot design was used with 4 replications. Results of phenotypic correlation values showed that grain yield at Damascus location was positively and significantly associated with ear height (r= 0.204**), ear length (r= 0.205**) and number of rows per ear (r= 0.228**). On the other hand, grain yield at Dir Al-Zor location was positively and significantly associated with all studied traits at combined data whereas, it was positively and significantly associated with ear length at three levels and combined data (0.305*, 0.410**, 0.347** and 0.375**, respectively). The data of path coefficient analysis showed that ear length, ear height and number of rows per ear had positive direct effects on grain yield variation and thus grain yield improvement can be achieved through selection for ear length and ear height at Damascus location (11.06%). On the other side, data showed that each of ear height, number of kernels per row and 100-kernel weight had positive direct effects on grain yield variation (32.98%) and thus, 100-kernel weight can be considered as selection criteria may lead to the improvement of grain yield in yellow maize at Dir Al-Zor location.

The phenotypic correlation and path analysis coefficient for grain yield and its components in four local maize (Zea mays L.) genotypes

The present investigation was undertaken to estimate phenotypic correlation and path coefficient analysis for grain yield and its components in maize. Four local genotypes of yellow maize were evaluated in 2008 and 2009 growing seasons at two locations i.e. Damascus and Dir Al-Zor under three nitrogen fertilization levels (130, 195 and 260 of N. ha-1), The nitrogen fertilizer was applied at two splits. Split split plot design was used with 4 replications. Results of phenotypic correlation values showed that grain yield at Damascus location was positively and significantly associated with ear height (r= 0.204**), ear length (r= 0.205**) and number of rows per ear (r= 0.228**). On the other hand, grain yield at Dir Al-Zor location was positively and significantly associated with all studied traits at combined data whereas, it was positively and significantly associated with ear length at three levels and combined data (0.305*, 0.410**, 0.347** and 0.375**, respectively). The data of path coefficient analysis showed that ear length, ear height and number of rows per ear had positive direct effects on grain yield variation and thus grain yield improvement can be achieved through selection for ear length and ear height at Damascus location (11.06%). On the other side, data showed that each of ear height, number of kernels per row and 100-kernel weight had positive direct effects on grain yield variation (32.98%) and thus, 100-kernel weight can be considered as selection criteria may lead to the improvement of grain yield in yellow maize at Dir Al-Zor location.

The phenotypic correlation and path analysis coefficient for grain yield and its components in four local maize (Zea mays L.) genotypes

The present investigation was undertaken to estimate phenotypic correlation and path coefficient analysis for grain yield and its components in maize. Four local genotypes of yellow maize were evaluated in 2008 and 2009 growing seasons at two locations i.e.

Correlation and regression relations between the height of plant and ear with some yield characters in maize

This study was conducted at the farm of the Faculty of Agriculture in Kharabo during 2011 2012 growing season. RCB design with two replicates was used and the correlation and regression relationship among characters were tested. Results showed that plant and ear heights were both positively correlated with some quantitative characters (number of kernels per row، number of rows per ear, 100 kernel Wight, and kernels weight per ear). Regression results also showed that the increase in plant and ear height was associated with an increase in number of rows per ear, kernels weight per ear and 100 kernel wight. It was concluded that plant height and/or ear height can be used as a direct selection index for number of rows per ear, kernels weight per ear and 100 kernel wight.

Evaluation of genetic parameters and simple correlation for some morphological and quality traits in local maize population

This study was conducted at the farm of Faculty of Agricultural-Kharabo as an intensive planting during 2011 and 2012 growth seasons. Using RCB design with two replications to study some genetic indices and simple linear correlation between yield and quality traits of 79 families selected from Sh population, improved by Full-sib selection. Results revealed that traits, silking days, protein percentage and oil percentage were affected by additive gene action while plant height and starch percentage were affected by non-additive gene action. Results also revealed that grain yield showed positive significant correlation with starch percentage (r=0.94*) and negative significant correlation with plant height (r=-0.95*) and protein percentage (r=-0.52*) indicating that less selection cycles are needed to improve families with high yield and starch percentage contents with early silking days (intensive planting) and medium plant height (machining cropper).

Estimation of some genetic parameters for yield and its components of sh local maize (Zea mays L.) population

This study was conducted at the farm of Faculty of Agricultural –Kharabo as an intensive crop during 201 and 2012 growing seasons. Using the Randomized Complete Block Design (RCBD) with two replications to study some genetic indices for grain yield and its components, of 79 families of the Sh group of maize improved by Full-sib selection. The results indicated that the broad sense heritability ranged from high to moderate for some yield components (number of kernels per row, number of rows per ear, ear length, ear diameter, the weight of whole ear, whole kernel weight and grain yield and it was 49.6, 52.9, 46.3 79.7, 56.74, 51 and 85.2%) respectively. Additive gene action appeared to be controlling number of kernel per row, number of rows per ear, ear length, ear diameter،,grain yiel, the weight of whole ea, kernel weight indicating less selection cycles are required to improve yield depending on its components.

Inheritance Of Some Grain Yield Components And Some Morpho-Physiological Traits In Sorghum Hybrids [Sorghum Bicolor L. Moench]

Heritability and genetic advance of some grain yield components and some morpho-physiological traits in 36 sorghum hybrids [Sorghum bicolor L. Moench] produced by top-cross using cytoplasmic male sterility were estimated. Narrow-sense heritability for plant height and head length were relatively high in Damascus location (65% and 56%) respectively, but the narrow-sense heritability of all characters in Raqqa location were low, the range was from 3% for threshing percentage to 34% for plant height, and from 22% for seed weight/head to 60% for plant height in the combined analysis. Genetic advance estimates were relatively low for all characters, the range was from 0% for 100 seed weight to 28.3% for plant height (Damascus location), and from 0.02% for seed numbers/head to 15.2% for plant height (Raqqa location), and from 5.8% for the number of days to flowering to 26.5% for plant height (combined analysis). Some characters such as plant height and head length showed relatively high values of heritability, but exhibited low values of genetic advance. Therefore other characters had low heritability coupled with low values of genetic advance indicated predominance of non-additive gene action. This result implies the need for several generations of selection to improve grain yield components and other traits.