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Register a new userAnalyzing the Effectiveness of Commercial Low-Cost Photogrammetry Systems in the 3D Modeling of Historical Monuments
تحليل فعالية نظم المسح التصويري التجارية منخفضة الكلفة في النمذجة ثلاثية الأبعاد للمنشآت الأثرية
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Tishreen University ورقة بحثية
Publication date
2021
fields
topography
and research's language is
العربية
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Shamra Editor
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خلال السنوات القليلة الماضية، حصلت تطورات في مجال النمذجة ثلاثية الأبعاد للمنشآت الأثرية باستخدام المساحة التصويرية. إحدى هذه التطورات هو انتشار النمذجة باستخدام برامج المسح التصويري القائمة على طريقة "الحصول على البنية من الحركة" Structure from Motion (SfM) التجارية منخفضة التكاليف مثل البرنامج Agisoft Metashape وذاك في العديد من التطبيقات. يوفر هذا النوع من البرامج لعالم النمذجة ثلاثية الأبعاد للتراث الثقافي أداةً فعالة من أجل التوثيق والاظهار. يعرض هذا البحث منهجيةً لتقييم فعالية مجموعة من نظم المسح التصويري SfM التجارية وذلك عند تطبيقها في النمذجة ثلاثية الأبعاد للمنشآت الأثرية. المنشأ الذي طبقت عليه هذه النظم هو الواجهة الرئيسية لبرج صافيتا وهو منشأ أثري يرجع للقرون الوسطى ويقع في الشمال الغربي من سوريا. تتكوّن هذه النظم من آلة التصوير الرقمية Nikon Coolpix P100 10 MP ومن البرامج SfM التجارية منخفضة الكلفةAgisoft Metashap ، وZephyr Aerial وPix4D Mapper. تمت مقارنة غمامات النقاط المقتطعة لهذه الواجهة باستخدام هذه النظم مع غمامة نقاط كثيفة تم الحصول عليها باستخدام ماسح ليزري، وبرهنت هذه المقارنة أن المساحة التصويرية SfM منخفضة التكاليف تؤمن النمذجة الدقيقة للمنشآت الآثرية.
During the past few years, new developments have occurred in the field of 3D photogrammetric modeling of historical monuments. One of these developments is the expansion of 3D photogrammetric modeling cost-effective licensed software, such as Agisoft Metashape, into the practical and affordable world. This type of SfM (Structure from Motion) software offers the world of 3D modelling of cultural heritage a powerful tool for documentation and visualization. This paper presents a methodology for evaluating the effectiveness of a range of commercial SfM photogrammetry systems when applied in the 3D modeling of historical monuments. The monument to which these systems were applied is the principal façade of Safita Tower, a medieval structure in Safita, north-western Syria.. The applied photogrammetric systems consist of the Nikon Coolpix P100 10 MP digital camera, the commercial software Agisoft Metashape, 3DF Zephyr Aerial and Pix4D Mapper. The resulted 3D point clouds were compared with an available dense point cloud acquired by a laser scanner. This comparison proved that the low-cost SfM photogrammetry is an accurate methodology to 3D modeling historical monuments.
References used
427948Sciences, Volume XL-5/W2, 2013, XXIV International CIPA Symposium, 2 –6 September 2013, Strasbourg, France.
AL KHALIL, O., GRUSSENMEYER, P. 2D & 3D reconstruction workflows from archive images, case study of damaged monuments in Bosra al-sham city (Syria). The International Archives of the Photogrammetry, Remote Sensing and Spatial Information Sciences, Volume XLII-2/W15, 2019. 27th CIPA International Symposium “Documenting the past for a better future”, 1–5 September 2019, Ávila, Spain.
ROSSI, A.J.,RHODY, H., SALVAGGIO, C.,WALVOORD, D.J. Abstracted workflow framework with a structure from motion application. InImage Processing Workshop (WNYIPW), 2012 Western New York (pp. 9-12). IEEE
MURILLO, A.C., GUERRERO, J.J., SAGUES, C. Surf features for efficient robot localization with omnidirectional images. In Proceedings 2007 IEEE International Conference on Robotics and Automation, 2007,pp. 3901-3907. IEEE
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This research aims to explore the potential of low cost video camera for 3D
modelling of large historical monuments. As we know, photos extraction is a fundamental
issue in any photogrammetric project. In fact, cost and time are dependent on photo
extraction method. Usually, photos are taken one by one assuring that every object point is
on two photos at least. This operation is time consuming in large scenes modelling. In the
other hand, video record is a simple operation and requires short time comparing to
traditional photo shooting. Then, it will be useful to suggest an approach to use video
recordings as a source of photos required for 3D modelling.
In the present study, we will evaluate the capability of two video cameras. The first
one is a commercial independent camera and the second is associated with a mobile
phone in the extraction of photos required for 3D modelling of a relatively large objects. It
should be noted that the resolution of video frames in mobile phone cameras (comparing to
professional ones) is less than the resolution of ordinary photos. Hence, 3D models
resulting using these frames will be good for applications that don’t require high precision.
3D models of historical sites and monuments are very interesting in archaeology and digital tourism fields. These models help archeologists document historical sites and analyze the relationships between their components. Moreover, 3D models constitu
te an attractive factor that encourages visiting sites and presents virtual information about cultural heritage.
In this paper, we propose an approach that uses capabilities of CAD (Computer Aided Design) and GIS (Geographic Information System) systems to construct spatial and semantic database for historical sites and modeling them in 3D. Users of the mentioned database can use it to gather information about sites and to navigate across them via the animation capabilities in GIS.
The proposed ideas will be applied on the historical site of Ras-SHAMRA in Lattakia. Spatial data concerning the site will be acquired form a topographic plan designed in 2004. These data will then be processed and introduced into GIS environment. ArcGIS software will be used to achieve an Archeological Information System (AIS) for the site and to construct a 3D model of the site and the royal palace.
In close range photogrammetry, the required geometric data for object documentation can be obtained
from single photo or stereoscopic pairs of photos. But, the documentation of large historic monuments, the
stereo pair is not sufficient. So, we mus
t use many photos to cover the whole object. In this study, a new
approach for 3D modeling of historic monuments is presented. This one is the multi-images approach. It
takes the complicated geometric nature of object to be documented. This kind of modeling is one of most
important applications of close range photogrammetry. In this study the results the multi-images
approach is exposed by a practical example concerned a historic façade in Housn Souleman (Safita). We
used digital photos obtained by the digital camera Kodak 8MP. This camera has a good geometric
resolution suitable for precise documentation works. To achieve the modeling, some well known software
for documentation purposes were used.
3D data, extracted from stereoscopic images, are considered as the main input for
digital modeling and GIS database construction. These data are usually collected by using
professional software. This kind of tools, is difficult to use by the non-sp
ecialists.
In this study, we propose to use the free academic photogrammetric softwares that
are available in the internet, to achieve interior and exterior orientations of images. But,
before this step, these softwares must be evaluated. In our research, we applied a software
developed by an academic photogrammetric society. The software was applied to calculate
the orientation parameters of a stereoscopic pair of aerial photos taken for an urban area.
After that, the results were evaluated by the help of a professional photogrammetric
software. Finally, a group of stereoscopic analysis was done by using the academic
software. Again, the results were evaluated by the help of a professional software.
The production of 3D models of urban areas, using aerial photographs, is of great benefit to companies and small engineering offices. But the major problem is the high cost of Digital Photogrammetry Workstations (DPWS) that are currently used for the
production of this kind of models. In addition, the use of these workstations requires long experience and good knowledge in photogrammetry. In this paper, we propose an alternative solution for 3D modeling of urban areas from a stereoscopic pair of aerial photos, a low cost close range photogrammetry software and the applications of 3D modeling available in some Geographic Information System (GIS) platforms. The close range photogrammetry software is a low coast system, compared to DPWS, and it doesn’t require any spatial background in photogrammetry. This software is used to extract the heights of elements that exist in the study area. GIS is used to produce the 2D map from the aerial photo. This map and the height data are used later to produce the 3D model of the study area.
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