يعد السرطان من أهم الأمراض المسببة للوفاة في جميع أنحاء العالم حيث سجل ما يقارب 14 مليون حالة إصابة جديدة و8.2 مليون حالة وفاة في عام 2012 ومن المتوقع أن يرتفع عدد الاصابات بمعدل 70% خلال العقدين القادميين
Bladder cancer is the most common malignancy of the urinary
tract, and has the fastest rate of recurrence which gives it high
prevalence of tumors all over the world. Early diagnosis is very
important for treatment efficacy, prevent tumor progress
ion and
prolong survival period, so many urinary markers have been
studied but early diagnosis of carcinoma of bladder remains a
challenge. Survivin is a member of the inhibitor of apoptosis
protein family (IAPs), whose irregular expression is associated with
tumor cell proliferation, progression, angiogenesis, therapeutic
resistance, and poor prognosis.
Gene regulation by microRNAs (miRNAs) is one of the most important regulatory
networks which control normal hematopoiesis. Disturbances in miRNAs levels lead to
proliferation diseases including leukemogenesis. MicroRNAs is a major topic of many
ca
ncer researches performed to discover noninvasive biomarkers used for diagnosis,
prognosis, and optimization of clinical decision.
This study, the first to be performed in Syria, aimed at monitoring miR-155 levels
compared to a normalizer gene RNU6-2 by quantitative reverse transcriptase -PCR (qRTPCR)
in a sample of newly diagnosed untreated AML patients at several hospitals in
Damascus in comparison with healthy controls. Changes in miR-155 gene expression
levels were calculated in patients and controls using the 2-ΔCt method.
The most important finding was the association of low and very high miR-155 levels
with poor prognosis reflected in failure to accomplish complete remission and high
mortality. In addition, high miR-155 levels were associated with M4 AML subtype,
although with large variance among patients. We hope our preliminary study pave the road
for many future research studies related to the applicability of microRNAs in supporting
diagnosis, predicting prognosis, and enhancing the personalized therapies which deal with
patients as individual cases.
Chronic periodontitis (CP) is an inflammatory disease, characterized by gingivitis,
and affecting tooth supporting tissues, forming periodontal pockets with associated
attachment loss, alveolar bone resorption. It is common in adults, but can also
occur at any
age. The rate of disease progression may be influenced by local, systemic conditions,
and/or environmental factors that alter the normal host response to bacterial plaque, and
affect the susceptibility to disease.It is suggested that periodontitis is partially associated
by genetic factors, that many genes are involved in inflammation susceptibility, mainly
include the vitamin D receptor (VDR) gene that is implicated in bone metabolism and the
host immune response.
80 Syrian subjects were recruited for vitamin D receptor gene polymorphism study,
and allocated in two groups: 50 diagnosed with CP and mean age was (64 ± 0.722) years,
30 matched controls. DNA was isolated from peripheral blood cells, and genotyping was
performed by polymerase chain reaction (PCR) method and restriction fragment length
polymorphism analysis (RFLP) by using FokI enzyme.
By using Chi square test, no significant differences were found between the study
groups in the frequencies of alleles and genotypes at FokI position of VDR gene, age and
sex. These findings suggest that the investigated factors are not associated with periodontal
disease in this studied sample of Syrian population.
This study is conducted to assess the role of hepcidin as a biomarker of iron status in haemodialysis patients. The study included88 patients who had end-stage renal disease ( ESRD), and were treated with haemodialysis in the Department of Renal Medi
cine in Al-Assad University Hospital in Lattakia.
Serum hepcidin and ferritinlevelswere measured, and transferrin saturation (TSAT) was calculated after measuringthe total iron binding capacity (TIBC), these markers were then attached with iron and compared to know the hardest correlation.
Results show that all the patients had high serum hepcidin levels,there was a statistically significant relation between iron and hepcidin, where P-VALUE smaller than 0.05, this relationship was inversal, hardly 40% the stongest correlation.
Conclusion:
These findings suggest that the increased hepcidinin haemodialysis patients may contribute to abnormal ironregulation and erythropoiesis, and may be a novel biomarker of iron status and erythropoietin resistance.