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Evaluating the inhibitory efficacy of the Lichen Evernia prunastri extracts against human pathogenic species of Aspergillus sp

تقييم الفعالية التثبيطية لمستخلصات أشنة Evernia prunastri تجاه أنواع ممرضة للإنسان من جنس Aspergillus sp.

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 Publication date 2017
and research's language is العربية
 Created by Shamra Editor




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The research was carried out to evaluate the inhibitory efficacy of acetone, ethanol, and chloroform of Evernia prunastri lichen with concentrations of (25, 50, 75, 100) mg/ml. against three pathogenic species of Aspergillus sp. Which are: A. flavus, A. fumigatus and A. niger . The efficacy varied among the four extracts, where both the acetonic and methanolic showed noticeable inhibitory efficacy against the fungal species under study. The efficacy increased of both extracts, at concentration (100) mg/ml growth of A. flavus, A. fumigatus and A. niger was completely inhibited, whereas the inhibiton percentage for ethanol extract reached (87.05, 78.82, 94.11)%, respectively at the same concentration. As for the chloroform extract, it was the least effective, where the percentage at (100) mg/ml concentration reached (68.23, 74.11, 62.35) %, respectively, compared to the control. Depending on these results, the extracts lichen of Evernia prunastri could be used as natural products to treat fungal infections in the future.


Artificial intelligence review:
Research summary
تم تنفيذ البحث لتقييم الفعالية التثبيطية لمستخلصات أشنة Evernia prunastri بتراكيز مختلفة (25، 50، 75، 100 ملغ/مل) تجاه ثلاثة أنواع من الفطريات الممرضة من جنس Aspergillus وهي A. flavus، A. fumigatus، و A. niger. أظهرت النتائج أن المستخلصات الأسيتونية والميثانولية كانت الأكثر فعالية في تثبيط نمو الفطريات، حيث زادت الفعالية بزيادة التركيز ووصلت إلى تثبيط كامل عند تركيز 100 ملغ/مل. بينما كانت فعالية مستخلص الإيثانول أقل قليلاً، وفعالية مستخلص الكلوروفورم كانت الأقل. اعتماداً على هذه النتائج، يمكن استخدام مستخلصات أشنة Evernia prunastri كمصادر حيوية طبيعية لمعالجة الإنتانات الفطرية مستقبلاً. الدراسة أوضحت أن مستخلصات الأسيتون والميثانول كانت الأكثر فعالية مقارنة بالإيثانول والكلوروفورم، ويمكن إرجاع ذلك إلى قدرة هذه المذيبات على استخلاص المركبات الفعالة بيولوجياً مثل الأحماض الأشينية التي تمتاز بتأثيرها الفعال في تثبيط الفطريات.
Critical review
دراسة نقدية: على الرغم من أن الدراسة قدمت نتائج مشجعة حول فعالية مستخلصات أشنة Evernia prunastri في تثبيط نمو الفطريات الممرضة، إلا أن هناك بعض النقاط التي يمكن تحسينها. أولاً، الدراسة لم تتناول تأثير المستخلصات على الخلايا البشرية أو الحيوانية، وهو أمر ضروري لتحديد الأمان والفعالية في التطبيقات الطبية. ثانياً، لم يتم تحليل التركيب الكيميائي الدقيق للمستخلصات لتحديد المركبات الفعالة بشكل محدد. ثالثاً، الدراسة اقتصرت على ثلاثة أنواع فقط من الفطريات، مما يحد من تعميم النتائج على أنواع أخرى من الفطريات الممرضة. وأخيراً، لم يتم اختبار فعالية المستخلصات في ظروف بيئية مختلفة، مما قد يؤثر على النتائج في التطبيقات العملية.
Questions related to the research
  1. ما هي الفطريات التي تم اختبارها في الدراسة؟

    تم اختبار ثلاثة أنواع من الفطريات الممرضة من جنس Aspergillus وهي A. flavus، A. fumigatus، و A. niger.

  2. ما هي المستخلصات التي أظهرت أعلى فعالية تثبيطية؟

    المستخلصات الأسيتونية والميثانولية أظهرت أعلى فعالية تثبيطية.

  3. ما هي التركيزات التي تم استخدامها في الدراسة؟

    تم استخدام تراكيز 25، 50، 75، و 100 ملغ/مل.

  4. ما هي التوصيات المستقبلية التي اقترحتها الدراسة؟

    اقترحت الدراسة إجراء دراسات أوسع عن مستخلصات الأشن وتحديد طبيعة المركبات الكيميائية التي تحتويها وفصلها لتحديد المادة الفعالة، واختبار الفعالية التثبيطية تجاه فطريات ممرضة أخرى.


References used
AMITANI, R.; MURAYAMA, T.; NAWADA, R.; LEE, W.J.; NIIMI, A.; SUZUKI, K.; TANAKA, E. AND KUZE, F: Aspergillus culture filtrates and sputum sols from patients with pulmonary aspergillosis cause damage to human respiratory ciliated epithelium in vitro. European Respiratory Journal, Japan, Vol. 1, N .8, 1995, 1681-1687
BABIAH, P.S; UPRETI, D.K; JOHN, SA . Assessment of fungicidal potential of lichen Heterodermia leucomelos (L.) Poelt against pathogenic fungi. Current Research in Environmental & Applied Mycology, Vol. 5, N. 2, 2015, 92–100
(BABIAH, P. S.; UPRETI, D.K. AND JOHN S.A. An in vitro analysis of antifungal potential of lichen species Parmotrema reticulatum against phytopathogenic fungi. International journal of current microbiology and applied sciences, India, Vol .3, N ,12, 2014, 511-518. (a
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