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حق الصمت في الدعوى الجزائية
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Authors
ضياء محمود( باحث )
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تناولت هذه الدراسة حق الصمت و مقوماته في القانون السوري, من خلال البحث في مفهومه و أساسه القانوني, قبل الحديث عن آلية تطبقه في مراحل الدعوى المختلفة, و الآثار المترتبة على انتهاكه, وفقا لأحكام التشريع السوري.
this study dealt with right of silence and its compomemts in Syrian law, by examining its concept and legal basis, befor talking about the way of applied in different stages of the lawsuit and the consequences of violating it, in accordance of the Syrian legislation.
Artificial intelligence review:
Research summary
تناول البحث حق الصمت في الدعوى الجزائية في القانون السوري، حيث يعتبر هذا الحق من حقوق الدفاع الأساسية التي تنبثق عن قرينة البراءة. يهدف البحث إلى توضيح مفهوم حق الصمت وأساسه القانوني، بالإضافة إلى آلية تطبيقه في مراحل الدعوى المختلفة والآثار المترتبة على انتهاكه. يتناول البحث أيضاً كيفية تعامل القانون السوري مع هذا الحق مقارنة بالتشريعات الأخرى، ويبرز أهمية احترام حقوق الإنسان في مراحل التحقيق والمحاكمة. كما يناقش البحث الأساليب غير المشروعة التي قد تستخدمها السلطات للحصول على اعترافات من المدعى عليه، مثل التعذيب أو استخدام الوسائل العلمية الحديثة، ويؤكد على ضرورة وجود نصوص قانونية صريحة تحمي حق المدعى عليه في الصمت وتحدد العقوبات المترتبة على انتهاك هذا الحق.
Critical review
دراسة نقدية: على الرغم من أن البحث يقدم تحليلاً شاملاً لحق الصمت في القانون السوري، إلا أنه يفتقر إلى بعض الجوانب العملية التي يمكن أن تعزز من فهم هذا الحق وتطبيقه بشكل أفضل. كان من الممكن أن يتضمن البحث دراسات حالة أو أمثلة واقعية توضح كيفية تطبيق هذا الحق في المحاكم السورية. بالإضافة إلى ذلك، يمكن أن يكون هناك تركيز أكبر على التوصيات العملية التي يمكن أن تساعد في تحسين التشريعات الحالية وضمان حماية أفضل لحقوق المدعى عليه. كما أن البحث يمكن أن يستفيد من مقارنة أعمق مع التشريعات الدولية والإقليمية لتقديم صورة أكثر شمولية عن كيفية تعامل الدول المختلفة مع حق الصمت.
Questions related to the research
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ما هو الأساس القانوني لحق الصمت في القانون السوري؟
يستند حق الصمت في القانون السوري إلى قرينة البراءة وحق الدفاع، حيث يعتبر صمت المدعى عليه ضمانة أساسية لحماية حقوقه في مواجهة إجراءات التحقيق والمحاكمة.
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هل يمكن اعتبار صمت المدعى عليه قرينة ضده في القانون السوري؟
لا، لا يمكن اعتبار صمت المدعى عليه قرينة ضده في القانون السوري، حيث أكدت محكمة النقض السورية أن سكوت المدعى عليه لا يعتبر إقراراً منه بما نسب إليه.
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ما هي الأساليب غير المشروعة التي قد تستخدمها السلطات للحصول على اعترافات من المدعى عليه؟
تشمل الأساليب غير المشروعة التعذيب، التنويم المغناطيسي، استخدام العقاقير المخدرة، وأجهزة كشف الكذب، وكلها تعتبر انتهاكاً لحق المدعى عليه في الصمت وتؤدي إلى بطلان الاعترافات الناتجة عنها.
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ما هي التوصيات التي قدمها البحث لتحسين حماية حق الصمت في القانون السوري؟
تضمنت التوصيات ضرورة إدراج وتنظيم حق المدعى عليه في الصمت في القوانين الداخلية، التعميم على عناصر الضابطة العدلية بوجوب تنبيه المدعى عليه إلى حقه في الصمت، والنص بصورة صريحة على العقوبات المترتبة على انتهاك هذا الحق.
References used
Nicolas, Croquet, The Right of Silence and Not Self- Incriminate Under the European Convention on Human Rights, Cambridge, England ,2008
Right to Silence, Northern Territory Law Reform Committee, Australia, july 2000
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In fact, the modern stage is one of the most important stages throughout the human
as it is during this phase is determined by effervescence personal inclinations and selfcomposed
and culture and highlight the social relations on the yard of his li
fe. Child today
is a man of tomorrow. And if they hauled him protection and affection, and security and
care and free upbringing innate or acquired, and we have provided to him for safe living,
including food and clothing and health condition-free organic diseases and psychiatric we
were able to build a new man with a social tendencies is hostile against the other or against
society and we stepped away from him through the deviation.
The Syrian Juveniles Act launched in the event of the arrest of the principle of the
benefit of the event, and did not set conditions and special controls limit the power of the
judge to appreciate this interest, and authorized the detention for all events, regardless of
the crime committed. Fearing the possibility of the occurrence of any abuse by the judge,
on the basis of legal logic, should put special conditions arrest event and determine the
scope and restricted to juveniles who have completed fifteen, when committed a felony and
clear-cut enough of primary significance to condemn the event. As it is unreasonable to
make such a restraining order against the dangerous and the rest of the events action, while
it does not apply to them any penalty involving freedom, but apply to them reform
measures provided for in Article IV of the Juvenile Delinquents Act. And must seek out an
educational character of alternative measures and reform, would replace the detention and
arrest.
in our research we came to the
conclusion that the targeted protection of criminal possession is
actual possession and possession of the intended protection criminal
either by the prosecuting magistrate or the criminal judiciary is not
the posses
sion concept in the law civil and protected by three claims
of possession, and that the prosecuting magistrate's position is to
follow-up.
Enjoy the sender in the right to guide the goods either by dragging them
from reaching the airport or from the airport to do or diverted to non-agreed
location or change the recipient's name, and this right is transmitted to the
addressee in certa
in circumstances, and to the enjoyment of both the sender
and the addressee of this right varied opinions about the legal basis governing
this right.
The right of defense can be considered as natural rights, and the most important fair
trial guarantees. It is also an inherent right at the center of public individual rights. It has
not only created in favor of the individual but also for the bene
fit of society as a whole.
There is no justice when accused people do not have a full right of defense and where not
possible to verify the truth. This means that enabling the accused to defend himself does
not mean that the punishment is over, but means to emphasize the fundamental pillar of
justice that will reassure the individuals to the proper functioning of mechanisms in
carrying out its mission, and this would remove any doubts about injustice suspicion when
Jurisdiction will announce the accused conviction, also removing the suspicion of
complacency while deciding his innocence.
Therefore, search in protecting the right of the accused to defend himself is not
intellectually luxury, but generally speaking, it is searching in more accurate and the most
complex legal issues, it is a dive in the depths, to stick to legitimacy in a centre of obstacles
is not easy to overcome. Building on the above, we can say that the accused practice of his
right to defend himself, remains inadequate to achieve the purpose if it is not criminally
reinforced. And to enable the exercise of the right of accused to defend himself, the penal
legislator decided to develop a set of substantive rules incriminating and justified, meaning
the dedication of this right to proceed without fear or shame. The accused is in great need
to exercise his right of defense under the umbrella of the criminal protection, and this will
protect him of the treachery of his defense and ensures that his rights will not be exploited
because of the weakness of his position, and the lack of his experience, and the conflict
hostile facing him. To find out the aspects of this protection two sections have been
developed in this research: the first section devoted to the study of the criminal substantive
rules, while the second was created to the study of the justified substantive rules. The aim
of this is to show the criminal aspects of protection of the right of the accused to defend in
court.
حق الدفاع
القضاء الجزائي
الخصومة الجزائية
السر المهني
الأمين على السر المهني
كتمان السر
جريمة إفشاء الأسرار
أسباب التبرير
الإفشاء الوجوبي
الإفشاء الجوازي
right of defense
criminal justice
criminal litigation
professional secret
Secretary to professional secrecy
confidentiality
the crime of divulging secrets
the reasons for justification
obligatory disclosure
disclosure of the permissible
المزيد..
Approved a Syrian legislator confidentiality of postal correspondence and
telecommunications protect the right constitutional and legal for a person,
expresses hereby expressly intention to protect his privacy and his secrets
expressing his though
ts and opinions, freedom of thinking, communication
and exchange of information, but this does not mean that the freedom of the
individual in this secret absolute, but are given by some of the restrictions that
allow eavesdropping and compromised in order to achieve justice and the
interests of society according to the decision of the Syrian legislature in the
Code of Criminal Procedure, as Syrian legislator intervened to devote their
protection sometimes in the face of ordinary people, or in the face of tempted
to disclosure of public officials at other times, but Syrian legislator omitted to
protect the means to contact an updated e-mail correspondence, which is
exposed through it for many attacks, which require effective protection
avoiding the legislative vacuum.
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