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Register a new userThe Application of Corporate Governance Principles in Listed Firms in Damascus Securities Exchange An Analytical Comparative Study between Banking and Insurance Sectors
تطبيق مبادئ الحوكمة في الشركات المساهمة المُدرجة في سوق دمشق للأوراق المالية (دراسة تحليلية مقارنة بين القطاعين المصرفي و التأميني)
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قُصي علي عمَّار( باحث )
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يهدف هذا البحث إلى تحديد درجة التزام الشركات المساهمة السورية المُدرجة في سوق دمشق للأوراق المالية بمبادئ حوكمة الشركات، و الصادرة عن هيئة الأوراق و الأسواق المالية السورية (2008)؛ و مصرف سورية المركزي (2009)؛ و هيئة الإشراف على التأمين (2007)؛ و منظمة التعاون الاقتصادي و التنمية (OECD, 2004). و لتحقيق هذا الهدف، قام الباحث بدراسة ميدانية على الشركات المساهمة العاملة في قطاعي المصارف و التأمين، و البالغ عددها (20) شركة، أي ما يعادل حوالي (83%) من عدد الشركات السورية المُدرجة. و من ناحية أخرى، قام الباحث بتصميم استبانة مكونة من ستة محاور يندرج تحتها المبادئ المتعارف عليها لنظام حوكمة الشركات. و باستخدام أسلوب المسح الشامل، تم توزيع (100) استبانة على مجتمع البحث المُكوّن من المديرين التنفيذيين للمصارف و شركات التأمين؛ و نوابهم و مساعديهم؛ و المديرين الماليين؛ و المراجعين الداخليين، و تم استرداد (56) استبانة صالحة للتحليل. و قد توصلت الدراسة إلى أن الشركات المساهمة العامة السورية قطعت شوطاً في تطبيق مبادئ الحوكمة، إذ كان التزامها بتطبيق تلك المبادئ جميعها وحدة واحدة عند المستوى المُرتفع، و إن كان هناك اختلاف في أولوية الالتزام من مبدأ إلى أخر. أما عن جوانب الضعف في تطبيق مبادئ الحوكمة فتتمثل بشكل رئيس في: عدم إشراك القاعدة العامة للمساهمين في اتخاذ القرارات الاستراتيجية للشركة، و كذلك عدم الاهتمام الكافي من قبل الشركات محل الدراسة بمتطلبات المسؤولية الاجتماعية. و أخيراً، أشارت نتائج الدراسة إلى عدم وجود فروق ذات دلالة بين مستوى التزام المصارف بمبادئ حوكمة الشركات، و بين مستوى التزام شركات التأمين بتلك المبادئ.
This study aims at determine the extent to which Syrians listed firms in Damascus Stock Exchange comply with the Principles of Corporate Governance, issued by Syrian Commission on Financial Markets and Securities (2008), Central Bank of Syria, (2009), Syrian Insurance Supervisory Commission (2007), and OECD (2004). To achieve this objective, the researcher conducted a field study on a sample of (20) shareholding companies working in the banking and insurance sectors (about 83% of the Syrians listed firms). A questionnaire containing six questions which cover the six principles of corporate governance was distributed to explore the sample's opinion about how much Syrians shareholding companies comply with those principles. The major findings of this study indicated that there were no significant differences between the level of the banks' commitment to the principles of corporate governance and the level of insurance companies' commitment.
References used
BECHT, M. ; BOLTON, P. ; RÖEL, A. Corporate governance and control. Handbook of the Economics of Finance, Vol. 1, Part A, 2003, 1-109
BRAENDLE, U. C. Corporate governance in the Middle East –another Arabic spring? A focus on the financial sector. International Conference “Improving financial institutions: the proper balance between regulation and governance”, Helsinki, April 19, 2012, 1-10
CATHERINE, L. K. ; SULLIVAN, J. Instituting Corporate Governance in Developing, Emerging, and Transitional Economies. The Center for International Private Enterprise, 2002, 1-38
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