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Register a new userEvaluation Some Fungicides in Control Late Blight (Phytophthora infestans Mont.) Potato in Homs
تقييم بعض المبيدات الفطرية في مكافحة اللفحة المتأخرة البطاطا على Phytophthora infestans Mont. في محافظة حمص
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زكريا الناصر( باحث )
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أجري هذا البحث لدراسة تـأثير المعاملـة بالمبيـدات الفطريـة (M-metalaxyl +mancozeb ،chlorothalonil ،azoxystrobin، mancozeb) في مكافحة مرض اللفحة المتأخرة المتسبب عـن الفطر (.Mont infestans Phytophthora) على البطاطا صنف سبونتا و الإنتاجية في حمـص خـلال موسمي 2008 و 2009 .أظهرت النتائج أن استخدام خليط المبيـدين (M-metalaxyl +mancozeb) أعطى أعلى كفاءة في مكافحة المرض خلال موسمي الدراسة مقارنة بباقي المعاملات. إذْ كانـت النـسبة المئوية للكفاءة (32.74 % و 24.57%) للموسمين 2008 و 2009 على التوالي. بينمـا أعطـى المبيـد (mancozeb) أقل كفاءة في مكافحة المرض خلال موسمي الدراسة إذ كانت النسبة المئويـة للكفـاءة (40 % و 95.31%) لموسمي الدراسة على التوالي. و قد أشارت النتائج أن رش نباتات البطاطا بالمبيدات الفطرية المختبرة أعطت زيادة في إنتاجية البطاطا مقارنة بالنباتات غير المعاملة. و أعطى الخلـيط أعلـى زيادة في الإنتاجية (55.35 % و 28.32%) للموسمين 2008 و 2009 على التـوالي. رتّبـت المبيـدات الفطرية المختبرة وفقاً لفاعليتها في مكافحة المرض و زيادة الإنتاجية تنازلياً كالآتي: mancozeb< azoxystrobin <chlorothalonil <mancozeb +metalaxyl-M
This search carried out to study the effect of treatment with some fungicides (mancozeb + metalaxyl - M, chlorothalonil ،azoxystrobin and mancozeb) in control late blight (Phytophthora infestans Mont.) on potato va. Spunta and yield in homs during two seasons 2008 and 2009. The results showed that the use of a mixture of fungicides (mancozeb + metalaxyl - M) gave the superior efficacy in controlling the disease during two seasons compared with other treatments. The percentage of effect (74.32% and 57.24%) during 2008 and 2009, respectively. While, the fungicides (mancozeb) gave the lowest effect in controlling the disease during two seasons, where as the percentage of effect (31.95% and 40%), respectively. Recorded results showed that spray of potato plant with tested fungicides increase the yield compared with untreated plants. The mixture fungicides (mancozeb + metalaxyl-M) increase in yield (35.55% and 32.285) during 2008 and 2009, at respectively. We can arrange the tested fungicides according to their the efficacy in controlling the disease and in increase the yield such as following: mancozeb +metalaxyl-M> chlorothalonil> azoxystrobin> mancozeb.
References used
Agrios, G. N. (2005). Plant pathology, 5th (ed). Copyrights (c) by: Academic press P. 922
Anon. (1974). The measurement of potato blight. Brit. Mycol., Soc., 31: P. 140- 141
Anonymous. (1998). Annual Report 1997. International Potato Center (CIP). Linia, Peru. 59 p
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تقصي انتشار الفطر Phytophthora infestans المسبب لمرض اللفحة المتأخرة على البطاطا في سوريا ودراسة التنوع الفيزيولوجي والجزيئي للمسبب
Five insecticides were evaluated for controlling of almond seed wasp,
Eurytoma amygdali, the study was carried out at Al Fhaila – Homs. The
insecticides were Concord super, Karate zeon, Zenith, Lentrek and Desis
50.The results indicated that insec
ticides affected significantly the infestation,
Concord super caused the lowest infestation (2.66%) compared with the control
(39%) in (2009). In 2010, Karate zeon caused the lowest infestation (2.66%)
where it was (40%) in the control. The economic analysis indicated that
Concord super was the best because of its lowest cost and highest saving money
in secticide (5832.2) Sp., but Karate zeon was the least money-saving insechcide
(5525.4) Sp.
Three systemic fungicides fenarimol, triflumizol, and triadimenol were used (mixed with mineral oil at 300 ml/100 L water or not) to evaluate the effects on powdery mildew of tomato in greenhouse. Results showed important role of mineral oil in inhan
cing the studied fungicides's effects by decreasing infection percentage and severity of the disease if the recommended doses are used or half of them. when these fungicides were used in low rates (50% of the recommended doses without mineral oil) infection percentage after a mounth of treating were 65.2 - 75.7% and severity 62.7 – 77.3% wherease when the fungicides were used with oil the infection percentage were decreased to 44.5 - 48.6% and severity to 16.9 – 45.8%
To know the effect of some fungicides on peacock eye disease has beentested five
fungicides from different chemical groups, using concentrations advisable to field
application,on the 45 year old olive trees in the Baksa village Lattakia . The resul
ts
showed an increase in incidence of the control of 22.4 to 45.5 % after 45 days, versus low
incidence rates in the fungicides tested treatments . The best two fungicides were
thiophanate –methyl with infection decreasing from 19.2 to 10.3% and chlorothalonil from
24.3% to 16.5% . The severity also decreased in the treatment of the fungicide thiophanate
–methyl from 9.7 to 4.1 % and chlorothalonil from 13.7 to 8.9 % while the severity of the
infection of the control increased from 10.5 to 25.6 % .In order to efficiency the fungicide
thiophanate – methyl was more effective reducing the infection severity compared with the
control with 82.8 %, followed by chlorothalonil , kresoxsim methyl , and mancozeb with
73.3 , 72.0 , 71.9% respectively whereas the fungicide copper oxychloride was the least
effective with 68.1%.
This paper, we evaluated some varieties of local cheeses. samples were collected randomly from various production sites in Homs. Chemical and microbiological analyses were applied to determine their suitability to the Syrian standards.
This study sh
ows that 54% of Baladi cheese samples, 25% of Akkawi(Cows), 18% of Akkawi(Sheep), 12% of Kashkawan ,2 %of
Chelal samples, that 2% of Halloumi cheese samples, and 8% of Msannara cheese samples contained Escherichia coli bacterium.
This results also indicate that 15% of Baladi cheese samples, 12% of Akkawi(Cows), 8% of Kashkawan cheese,4 %of Chelal cheese, and 8% of Msannara samples contained Staphylococcus aureus bacteria. As well as the percentage of Baladi cheese samples containing Salmonella bacteria was 8%, and Akkawi(Cows) cheese samples was 4%, and 2% in Msannara cheese samples.
This study indicated that local cheeses have no uniform or standardized chemical characteristics. This study shows that 67% of
Baladi cheese samples, 33% of Akkawi(Cows), 83 %of Chelal , and 100% of Kashkawan samples were contrary to the Syrian Normal Standard for dry matter. And all samples of cheese identical to the Syrian Normal Standard for sodium chloride 100%.
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