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Register a new userPrediction of combining ability in some maize (Zea mays L.) inbred lines using top-cross method under different environments
التنبؤ بالقدرة على الائتلاف لسلالات من الذرة الصفراء (.L mays Zea) باستخدام طريقة التهجين القمي ضمن عدة بيئات
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نُفّذَ هذا البحث بهدف تقييم القدرة على الائتلاف لخمس و عشرين سلالة من الذرة الصفراء و تقـدير معاملي الارتباط المظهري، و تحليل المسار لبعض الصفات الفينولوجية و المورفولوجية و الغلة الحبية من خلال استخدام التهجين القمي بين هذه السلالات و صنف محلي من الذرة الـصفراء (غوطـة-82) . نُفّـذَ برنامج التهجين القمي في منطقة الأغوار (محطة دير علا) في القطر الأردني خلال شهر آذار مـن عـام 2009 و قُيمت الهجن القمية في سورية بالعروة التكثيفية لعام 2009 في ثلاثة مواقع (الرقة و حلب و دير الزور).
This research was carried out to evaluate the combining ability of twentyfive inbred lines of yellow maize and estimate the phenotypic correlation and path analysis of twenty-five top crosses were formed during 2009 growing season at Dir Ala, Dead Sea. Jordan. Their plants were evaluated in Syria during 2009 growing season in three locations (Al Raka, Aleppo and Dir Al- Zor).
Artificial intelligence review:
Research summary
يهدف هذا البحث إلى تقييم القدرة على الائتلاف لخمس وعشرين سلالة من الذرة الصفراء وتقدير معاملي الارتباط المظهري وتحليل المسار لبعض الصفات الفينولوجية والمورفولوجية والغلة الحبية. تم تنفيذ برنامج التهجين القمي في منطقة الأغوار الأردنية خلال شهر آذار عام 2009، وزُرعت الحبوب الهجينة في سوريا في ثلاثة مواقع (الرقة، حلب، دير الزور). أظهرت النتائج تبايناً معنوياً عالياً للصفات المدروسة وفقاً للمواقع، مما يشير إلى أهمية الأثر البيئي في تحديد أداء الهجن. أظهرت بعض السلالات قدرة عالية على الائتلاف مثل IL.516-08 وIL.256-08، مما يشير إلى إمكانية تحسين غلة محصول الذرة الصفراء من خلال الانتخاب لصفة ارتفاع العرنوس والإزهار المؤنث. كما أظهرت نتائج تحليل معامل المسار أن التأثيرات المباشرة وغير المباشرة لبعض الصفات كانت متفاوتة بين المواقع، مما يؤكد أهمية دراسة مكونات الغلة لتحسين إنتاجية هذا المحصول.
Critical review
دراسة نقدية: على الرغم من أن البحث يقدم مساهمة قيمة في مجال تحسين إنتاجية الذرة الصفراء، إلا أن هناك بعض النقاط التي يمكن تحسينها. أولاً، كان من الممكن أن يكون التحليل أكثر شمولية إذا تم تضمين المزيد من المواقع البيئية المختلفة لزيادة تنوع البيانات. ثانياً، لم يتم التطرق بشكل كافٍ إلى تأثير العوامل البيئية الأخرى مثل التربة والمناخ على نتائج التهجين. ثالثاً، كان من الممكن أن تكون الدراسة أكثر قوة إذا تم تضمين بيانات من مواسم زراعية متعددة لتقييم استقرار النتائج عبر الزمن. وأخيراً، كان من الممكن أن تكون التوصيات أكثر تفصيلاً لتوجيه المزارعين والباحثين بشكل أفضل في تطبيق نتائج الدراسة في برامج التربية المستقبلية.
Questions related to the research
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ما هو الهدف الرئيسي من البحث؟
الهدف الرئيسي من البحث هو تقييم القدرة على الائتلاف لخمس وعشرين سلالة من الذرة الصفراء وتقدير معاملي الارتباط المظهري وتحليل المسار لبعض الصفات الفينولوجية والمورفولوجية والغلة الحبية.
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أين تم تنفيذ برنامج التهجين القمي؟
تم تنفيذ برنامج التهجين القمي في منطقة الأغوار الأردنية خلال شهر آذار عام 2009.
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ما هي السلالات التي أظهرت قدرة عالية على الائتلاف؟
السلالات التي أظهرت قدرة عالية على الائتلاف تشمل IL.516-08 وIL.256-08 وIL.259-08 وIL.346-08 وIL.143-08 وIL.74-08.
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ما هي التوصيات التي قدمتها الدراسة لتحسين إنتاجية الذرة الصفراء؟
أوصت الدراسة بإجراء التهجين نصف المتبادل بين السلالات ذات القدرة العالية على الائتلاف واعتماد صفتي ارتفاع العرنوس والإزهار المؤنث كمؤشرات انتخابية لتحسين غلة الذرة الصفراء.
References used
Allard, R. W. (1960). Principles of plant breeding. John Wiley and sons, Inc., New York, U.S.A. PP. 485
Asrar-ur-Rehman, S.; U. Saleem and G. M. Subhani (2007). Correlation and path coefficient analysis in maize (Zea mays L.). J. Agric. Res., 45(3): 177- 183
Barakat, A. A. (2001). Estimates of combining ability of white maize inbred lines in top crosses. Al Azhar. J. Agric. Res., 33: 129-146
rate research
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Forty-six inbred lines of yellow maize (zea mays L) crossed apically with Al
Ghouta variety No. 82 during 2008 growing season at Dir Ala, Dead Sea.
This research aimed to evaluate the general and specific combining ability
components for six inbred lines and 15 hybrids produced by a half diallel cross method,
and was conducted during 2010-2011 seasons, in the Department of the Maize Researches
at G.C.S.A.R. Damascus .
The evaluation included the grain yield, ear height, ear length, and silking under two
different treatments of nitrogen fertilizer (1- addition of 50% of N-fertilizer with sowing
and the other 50% one month after sowing. 2- addition of 50% of N-fertilizer 18 days after
sowing and 50% one month after sowing).and 3 replicates.
Results indicated that:
Mean squares of inbred lines, and hybrids were highly significant for all studied
traits under two adding dates of nitrogen fertilizer, which indicated the presence of genetic
distance among parental lines.
The ratios (
2
GCA/
2
SCA) showed that additive gene effect was more important than
non-additive gene effect in controlling all studied traits except grain yield which showed
dominance of non-additive gene effect under tow dates.
Many of significant positive GCA effects were obtained for all traits, therefore, it
could be concluded, that the inbred lines CML.330, IL.26-09 and CML.334 seemed to be
the best general combiners for grain yield.
The hybrid (CML.368 × IL.215-09) had showed the best specific combining ability
effects for grain yield under the first date, while the hybrid (CML.330 × IL.26-09) showed
the best SCA effects under the second date.
The second adding date of nitrogen fertilizer (50% 18 days after sowing and 50%
one month after sowing) had surpassed of the first date (50% with sowing and 50% one
month after) with significant effects for grain yield trait.
Six inbred lines of maize namely; A (1), B (2), C (3), D (4), E (5) and F (6) were
used in half diallel cross. The seeds of inbred lines and its single cross hybrids were
cultivated in an experiment using randomized completely block design (RCBD) w
ith
three replicates, at Twaitha Research Station, Plant Breeding Improvement Center,
Iraq, during autumn season (2016). The parents and F1 were significantly differed
at 5% for number of days to tasseling and silking, plant height (cm), ear diameter
(cm) and yield per plant. Some hybrids showed a significant desirable heterosis for
studied traits such as days to tasseling and silking. While plant height and yield per
plant for all hybrids showed a significant desirable heterosis (deviation of F1 from
mid parents). The mean squares of general and specific combining ability were
highly significant for all traits. The additive and dominance variances were differed
from zero for all studied traits. The broad sense heritability values were high for
all studied traits. Narrow sense heritability was moderate for number of days to
tasseling, plant height and ear diameter, but it was low for number of days to silking
and yield per plant. The average degree of dominance was higher than one for all
traits.
This study was carried out at the Scientific Agriculture Research Center, Al-Ghab,
Syria, during 2013 –2014 growing seasons to estimate heterosis, combining ability,
phenotypic correlation and path analysis for plant and ear height, ear length, ear
diameter,
number of rows per ear, number of kernels per row, 100 kernel weight and grain yield per
plant for eighteen hybrids produced by the line × tester method, the major findings were:
inbred lines, testers, hybrids and combining ability mean squares were significant for all
traits, indicating that additive and non-additive gene actions were the important in
inheritance of all traits. The ratios of σ2
GCA/σ2
SCA showed that non-additive gene action was
more important in controlling all traits except of number of kernel per row. Heterosis
percentage for all traits were significant compared with the check variety except of ear
height trait. GCA effects showed that the lines P1 and P7 were good combiners for grain
yield per plant, also, SCA effects showed that P2×P8, P5×P8, P4×P9 and P1×P7 crosses were
the best F1 combiners for grain yield per plant. Results of phenotypic correlation and path
analysis values showed that ear length, ear diameter and number of kernel per row were
positively and significantly associated with grain yield per plant, also, these traits can be
considered as selection criteria may lead to the improvement of grain yield in maize.
The research was conducted at the Maize Researches Department, General
Commission for Scientific Agriculture Researches (G.C.S.A.R.) Damascus,
Syria during the summer growing seasons of 2010, 2011 and 2012. Treatments
were arranged in a Randomized
Complete Blocks Design with three
replications. The research aimed to evaluate genetic parameters for some traits
like days to 50% silking, plant and ear height, ear length, ear diameter, number
of rows per ear, number of kernels per row, 100 kernel weight and grain yield
per plant using generations means analysis of two maize hybrids (IL.292-06 ×
IL.565-06, IL.459-06 × IL.362-06) to detect epistasis and estimates of mean
effect [m], additive [d], dominance [h], additive × additive [i], additive ×
dominance [j] and dominance × dominance [l] parameters. Results showed that
the additive - dominance model was adequate to demonstrate the genetic
variation and its importance in the inheritance of most studied traits. Nonallelic
gene interaction was operating in the control of genetic variation in most
studied traits. The signs of [h] and [l] were opposite in most studied traits for
the two crosses. Also, the inheritance of all studied traits was controlled by
additive and non-additive genetic effects, but dominance gene effects play the
major role in controlling the genetic variation of the most studied traits,
suggesting that the improvement of those characters need intensive selection
through later generations. The phenotypic variations were greater than
genotypic variations for all studied traits in the two crosses, indicating greater
influence of environment in the expression of these traits. Highly significant
heterosis relative to mid and better parents, respectively was found for all
characters, and this accompanied with inbreeding depression for all traits.
Narrow sense heritability and genetic advance were low in most of the traits
due to the dominance of non-additive gene action in controlling the genetic
variation of the most studied traits and this predict low to medium values of
genetic advance through selection process.
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