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Production and characterization of alkaline polygalactuoronase from locally bacterial strains

إنتاج و توصيف إنزيم البولي غالاكتوروناز القلوي من سلالات بكتيرية معزولة محلياً

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 Publication date 2012
  fields Food Sciences
and research's language is العربية
 Created by Shamra Editor




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Eighty four bacterial strains, isolated from various local soils, vegetables and fruits in decomposition were screened to detect pectinase using citrus pectin as the sole carbon source according to solid plate assay. Results showed that 13 strains showed ability to produce pectinase depolymerization in assay plate as evidenced by clear hydrolization halos formed around the colonies. Four strains among them presented considerable pectinolytic activity since haloes with more than 3 cm in diameter were formed. Based on morphological and chemical characteristics, 3 strains were classified as Bacillus subtilis and 1 strain as Bacillus cereus. The Bacillus subtilis (B30) strain which had the biggest halo and produced high activity of the enzyme was incubated with polygalactuoronic acid under different conditions of temperature and pH levels. This strain showed high activity to produce polygalauoronase at 52°C and pH 9.0. It was concluded that there is an ability to produce locally alkaline polygalactuoronase which can be used for manufacturing purposes, especially for treatment the west products of food processing units to remove pectins.

References used
Alkorta, I., C. Garbisu, M. J. Llama and J. L. Serra. 1998. Industrial applications of pectic enzymes: A review. Process Biochem., 33: 21-28
Babu, K. R. and T. Satyanarayana. 1995. N1-Amylase production by thermophilic Bacillus coagulans in solid state fermentation. Process Biochem., 30: 305-309
Bergey, D. H. and J.G. Holt. 2000. Bergey's manual of determinative bacteriology: Philadelphia, Lippincott Williams & Wilkins
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يعد الميتانول و الإيتانول من أكثر المحلات شيوعاً، و بما أن درجة غليانها أقل من مئة درجة مئوية فإنها تتطاير بشكل سريع. و على سبيل المثال، يستعمل الميتانول في تصنيع الأصبغة و العقاقير و العطور.. و هو شديد السمية، لذلك من الضروري تطوير محسات لكشفه. أ ما غاز الأمونيا فهو من ملوثات الهواء و له مصادر كثيرة مثل صناعة الأسمدة و أنظمة التبريد.. و من هنا أهمية كشفه.
Some characteristics of β-galactosidase enzyme that was isolated from a new born goat brain were studied. This study concluded that the enzyme is glucoenzyme in which the carbohydrate part constitutes 22.1% in accordance with phenol –sulfate acid method. The optimum pH for the enzyme activity is 5.5. The enzyme lost its activity completely at pH8.5, and showed great stability at the range of pH 4-6. The results indicated that the optimum temperature for the enzyme activity is 55Co at the optimum pH. The stability temperature for the enzyme is 35-60Co. The analytical results of 5%lactose solution hydrolyzed by the enzyme have indicated that the hydrolysis rate is between 40% after 60 minutes, to 95% after 270 minutes.
B-D-Galactosidase (B-D- galactoside galactohydrolase , E. C. 3.2.1.23) , is one of the most important enzymes used in food processing . It a specific example of a glycosidase enzyme. Many organisms naturally synthesize B- galactosidase , including mi croorganisms , plants and animal cells . Among these possibilities , microbial sources are the best.
40 samples were collected from milk from Homs to isolate the bacteria and study their ability to produce the enzyme β- galactosidase and diagnose isolates the most efficient in the production of the enzyme, the results showed the presence of 25 sporeforming isolates producing the enzyme β-galactosidase , the effectiveness of β-galactosidase was estimated using spectrophotometer at a wavelength of 420 nm.
Nineteen locally selected potato lines were screened for water stress tolerance by measuring the growth parameters in vitro. The stress was achieved by adding 4% of sorbitol to the growth medium. Plant height and diameter, leaf area, number, lengt h and diameter of roots and plant fresh and dry weight were measured. The results showed a difference in the response of the studied lines to water stress, cluster analysis, based on the sum of all growth parameters relative values of the lines showed that the lines were divided into three groups according to water stress tolerance: The tolerant group, the moderate tolerant group and the sensitive group. The results indicated the possibility to use the in vitro method to screen the potato lines for water stress tolerance.
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