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Register a new userEvaluating the performance and productivity of some wheat varieties (Triticum ssp. L.) in Damascus conditions
تقييم أداء و انتاجية بعض أصناف القمح (Triticum ssp. L) ظروف محافظة دمشق
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Aِl-Baath University ورقة بحثية
Publication date
2016
fields
Field Crops
and research's language is
العربية
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نفذت هذه الدراسة في مزرعة كلية الزراعة بجامعة دمشق خلال الموسمين الزراعيين 2014-2013,2013-2012 بهدف تقييم أداء و انتاجية 9 أصناف من القمح الطري T. aestivum و 3 من القمح القاسي استخدم .T. durum تصميم القطاعات العشوائية الكاملة و بثلاثة مكررات لكل صنف.
This research was conducted at the farm of Abu-Jarash, Faculty of Agriculture, Damascus University. The aim of this research was to evaluate the performance and productivity of 9 bread wheat (T. .aestivum )and 3 durum wheat T. durum. The experiment was laid out in a Random Complete Block design (RCPD) with three replication.
References used
Abd El-Kareem, T.H.A. and A.E.A. El-Saidy. 2011. Evaluation of Yield and Grain Quality of Some Bread Wheat Genotypes under Normal Irrigation and Drought Stress Conditions in Calcareous Soils. J. Biol. Sci., 11: 156-164
Annicchiarico P. and Pecetti L. (1995). Morpho-phsiological traits to complement grain yield selection under semi-arid Mediterranean condition in each of the durum wheat types Mediterranean typicum and Syria cum. Euphytica 86, 191- 198
AOAC. 1990. Official methods of analysis, 15 ed. Association of Official Analytical Chemists, Washington, DC 1230
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A population of soft wheat which lives naturally on the edges of saline Ain
Malilah’s Sebkha, located to the southeast of Qasantina from the east of Algeria,
and four varieties i.e. HD1220, ARZ, AS and ANF, to evaluate their performance
under seve
ral abiotic stresses conditions, and to study their response to fertilization,
based on some phenological, morphological, chemical characteristics such as: Life
cycle (from cultivation until the appearance of 1/4 spikes), germination potentiality,
tellering, leaf area, total chlorophyll content, relative water content, carbohydrates
content.
This research was conducted at Izraa research station of The General
Commission for Scientific Agricultural Research during the growing season
2010/2011 to study the performance of six durum wheat varieties at early
growth stage under water defici
t stress. The experiment was designed using
randomized complete block design with three replication. The statistical
analysis results of the experiment clearly showed genetic variations among
cultivars under water stress. Drought stress caused a depression in all studied
traits. Mean yield decreased in average 31.7 %. The number of spiks/ m2 was
the most trait affected by drought stress, It decreased in average 29.1% while
biological yield decreased in average 24.26%. It was observed that the number
of spikes per m2 was the highest in the variety Hourani (191) and the highest
number of grain per spike (34.1) whereas the variety Bohouth7 and the variety
hourani recorded the highest thousand grain weight (40.5 g). The statistical
analysis results showed that the variety Cha5 a achieved the highest grain yield
per m2 (239.4 g), whereas, the variety Bohouth7 recorded the lowest grain yield
per m2 (182.8 g), under water deficit stress conditions.
This research was conducted to determine the most responsive phenological
stage for supplementary irrigation of the durum wheat in a primary stationary
region.
It consisted of six different water treatments in addition to control (non
irrigated)
:
1-From planting to seedling emergence; 2-From planting to tillering; 3-From
planting to booting; 4-From planting to flowering; 5-From planting to the end of
the milk stage; 6–Sowing irrigation and irrigation according to necessity
throughout the milk stage.
The study has been repeated in four blocks for three seasons from 2002 to
2005. The results of the first two seasons showed that the:
The treatment from planting to booting, was canceled because of the rain and
soil dampness during this growth period. A significant increase in production,
water use efficiency, and one 1000 kernel weight, of both 5th and 6th treatments was
noticed in comparison with other treatments and the control. Results of the three
seasons were varied due to the environmental variation in temperature and amount
of rainfall.
A field experiment was conducted during the two consecutive growing seasons
(2010/2011 and 2011/2012) at Ezra’ Research Station/Deraa/Syria in order to evaluate the
role of some agricultural practices in improving the performance of four wheat vari
eties
(Acsad1105, Acsad1229, Acsad885 and Acsad901) under rainfed conditions. The experiment
was laid according to factorial randomized complete block-split design with three
replications. The mean average of early vigor, flag leaf area, peduncle length and leaf area
index was significantly higher during the first growing season for the wheat variety
(Acsad901) at the first planting date with a nitrogen amount of (150 kgN. Hectar1), and
when nitrogen fertilizers were added twice (1.6-2.5, 53.4cm2, 16.3cm, 1.20 respectively).
The mean average of the same studied aspects, however, was significantly lower during the
second growing season in the case of the variety Acsad855 with regards to the early vigor,
as well as in the case of the variety Acsad1129 in the case of the leaf area Flag at a late
planting date, and without nitrogen fertilizers (3.6 4.5, 3.3 cm, 0.18, 16.6 cm2
respectively). The mean average of the grain yield was significantly higher during the first
growing season for two wheat varieties (Acsad901, Acsad1229) at the first planting date,
nitrogen rate 200 kgN. Ha-1, and when nitrogen fertilizers were added twice (660.4, 631.1
g.m-2 respectively), while it was significantly lower during the second growing season for
the variety Acsad1105, at a late planting date, and without nitrogen fertilizers (127 g.m-2).
Optimizing some important cultural practices helps increasing wheat grain yield by
improving morpho-physiological traits related to yield particularly the size of source
photo synthise (Leaf Area Index, Flag leaf area). The response of astivum wheat variety
was better compared to durum wheat. This shows the importance of improving crop
mangment factors in order to reach the maximum potential yield.
The performance of some barley genotypes was evaluated under rain-fed
conditions in Dara'a (Izra'a) during two successive growing seasons (2009-2010/
2010-2011) in order to determine the most relevant physiological traits, which
are genetically as
sociated with drought tolerance and grain yield. The trial was
laid out according to the factorial complete randomized block design, with
three replicates. The leaf area index (LAI) was significantly lower in the wild
relatives compared with the varieties and land races. Relative water content
was significantly higher during the second growing season (87.19%) compared
with the first one (71.57%). Solute leakage was significantly lower during the
second growing season (69.50%) compared with the first growing season
(76.49%). It was noticed that the genotypes which have achieved significantly
higher grain yields, could also maintain significantly higher relative water
content in the leaves, (Acsad176, Acsad1182 and Acsad60), and were superior in
maintaining membrane integrity, and leaf area index, indicating the
importance of such traits in improving drought tolerance and maintaining
production capacity.
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