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Register a new user\The effect of planting density on productivity and quality characters of maize (Zea mays var. Gouta 1)
تأثير الكثافة النباتية في بعض الصفات الإنتاجية و النوعية لصنف الذرة الصفراء غوطة 1
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نُفذت الدراسة في مزرعة أبي جرش في كلية الزراعة بجامعة دمشق خلال الموسم الزراعـي 2012، حيث زرعت بذور صنف الذرة الصفراء غوطة-1 على ثلاث مسافات (20 ،30 ،و 40 سـم بـين النبـات و الآخر ضمن الخط) و على مسافة ثابتة (70 سم) بين الخط و الآخر، وفق تصميم القطاعـات العـشوائية الكاملة و بثلاثة مكررات لكل معاملة لدراسة تأثير المسافات الزراعية المدروسة في صفات ارتفاع النبـات، طول العرنوس و وزنه، و عدد الصفوف في العرنوس، و عدد الحبوب و وزنهـا فـي العرنـوس، و نـسبة التصافي، و وزن المائة حبة، و الغلة الحبية، و الغلة من المادة الجافة و نسبة الزيت و البروتين في الحبوب. أظهرت النتائج تناقص ارتفاع النبات معنوياً من 31.155 سم إلى 10.130 سم، في حين كانـت الزيـادة معنوية في صفة وزن الحبوب في العرنوس (20.41 إلـى 17.65 غ) و نـسبة التـصافي (61.61) إلـى 51.91 %) و عدد الحبوب في العرنوس (05.310 إلى 82.373 حبة) و وزنها في العرنوس (20.41 إلـى 17.65 غ) على التوالي مع زيادة المسافة الزراعية بين النباتات من 20 إلى 40 سم، بيد أن هذه الزيـادة في كافة الصفات المذكورة لم تعوض قلة عدد النباتات في المسافة الواسعة مقارنـة مـع الـضيقة، ممـا انعكس على الغلة الحبية في وحدة المساحة التي بلغت 19.3 و 04.2 طن/ هكتار على التـوالي و كانـت نسبة البروتين الأعلى معنوياً عند الزراعة على مسافة 30 سم بين النباتات.
The study was carried out at Abo Jarash farm, Faculty of Agriculture, Damascus University, during the growing season of 2012, where the maize cultivar "Gouta 1" was grown in three agricultural spacings (20, 30 and 40 cm between plants in the same row), with a fixed space (70 cm) between rows, according to the randomized complete block design and three replicates per treatment, in order to study the effect of the studied agricultural spacing on the following characters: plant height, length and weight of ear, number of kernel rows per ear, number and weight of kernels per ear, net percentage, hundred kernels weight, the kernel yield, the dry yield and the oil and protein contents in the kernels. Results showed a significant decrease in plant height from 155.31 to 130.10 cm, while a significant increase was observed in number of kernels per ear (from 310.05 to 373.82 kernels), in weight of kernels per ear (from 41.20 to 65.17 g) and in net percentage (from 61.61 to 91.51 %), respectively with the increase of agricultural spacing from 20 to 40 cm. However, the increase in these characters didn’t substitute the small number of plants in the vast spacing compared with the narrow spacing, which is reflected in kernel yield per unit of area that amounted to 3.19 and 2.04 tons/ha, respectively.
References used
Acciares, H.A. and M. S. Zuluaga, 2006. Effect of plant row spacing and herbicide use on weed aboveground biomass and corn grain yield. Planta Daninha, 24 (2): 287 – 293
Akcin, A., B. Sade, M. Mulayin, A. Topal, and A. Tamkoc, 1994. Effect of different cycocel application dates and rates and different plant densities on grain yield components, crude protein and some morphological character of maize hybrid TTM-813. Doga, Turk Tarmve Ormacilsik Dergisi, 17:1097- 1111
El-Metwally, H. F., I. M. Abouziena, and E. R. El- Desoki, 2008. Effect of plant spacing and weed control treatments on maize yield and associated weed in sandy soils. American-Eurasian J. Agric. And Environ. Sci., 4 (1): 09-17
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This study was carried out in the farm of the Faculty of Agriculture
University of Damascus during the growing season 2014, to study the
productivity of the maize cultivar ("Gouta 82) and the hybrids (Basel
1 and Basel 2) under the influence of tw
o plant densities 17.53
thousand plant. ha-1 (70x20cm) and 53.11 thousand plant. ha-1
(70x40cm).
Objective of this work was to investigate how plant density and nitrogen
rate affects the growth , yield and its components in maize (Bassel 2 hybrid).
The experiment was carried out, at the agricultural research centre in Snoubar
Jableh, during t
he 2008 and 2009 seasons, included 12 treatments which were
the combination three plant population densities 71428/ha, 57142/ha, and
47619/ha and four N rates (0, 60, 120 and 180 kg/ha). The experimental design
was a split-plot, with different densities as main plots, randomized in three
complete blocks, and the fertilization as subplots. The data were analyzed by
using “Mstat” statistical package. Increasing planting population density
delayed anthesis and silking date, increased the anthesis-silking interval, plant
height, ear height, grain yield, agronomic nitrogen efficiency and nitrogen use
efficiency, but decreased ear leaf area, chlorophyll content, 1000 seed weight,
number of grains/ear, shelling percentage (%), and grain protein content.
Nitrogen fertilizer decreased tassilling and silking date, and nitrogen use
efficiency, increasing plant and ear height, ear leaf area, chlorophyll content,
number of grains/ear, ear weight,1000-grains weight, Shelling percentage,
grain yield up to 120 kg N/ha, agronomic nitrogen efficiency and grain protein
content.
The lack of information about the cultivation of coriander plant in Syria prompted us
to study the effect of four plant densities (33.33،10، 13.33 and 20 plant/m2)، and four levels
of phosphate fertilization (0107.2،160.8، and 214.4 of Superphospha
te 46%) on some
productive and quality traits of the coriander plant. This study was carried out in Tartous
province during the growing season 2014، using Randomized Complete Block design with
a Split Plot arrangement of treatments. The Results revealed that there were significant
differences between the treatments for the whole traits، in addition to a significant
interaction between density and phosphate fertilization. Although the densities (10، 13.33
and 20 plant/m2) varied in their effect، they had superiority upon the
control(33،33)plant/m2، and the density 10 plant/m2 had more important effect in terms of
increasing each of: branches number/plant، seed weight/plant، seeds number/inflorescence،
protein content in plants and seeds and beta carotene and chlorophyll. However، the level
160.8k.g/h of P2O5 increased the number of inflorescences/plant، number of fruits/plant
and seed weight/ inflorescence.
This study was conducted in Abu-Jarash farm at the Faculty of Agriculture,
Damascus University during the main season 2013 to evaluate the effect of soil
solarization and organic fertilization treatments on the productivity of some
maize genotypes
(Basel 1, Basel 2, Ghouta 1, Ghouta 82 and Local White). The
experiment was laid out according to split-split plot design with three
replications. The statistical analysis results clearly indicated to the existence of
variability in the response of studied maize genotypes to soil solarization and
organic fertilization treatments. The genotype Ghouta 82 surpassed in the traits
of plant height, leaf area index, 100-kernel weight and grain yield (150.25 cm,
2.84, 28.10 g and 7.99 ton.ha-1) respectively, as compared to other studied
genotypes and was closely followed by the genotype Basel 2 which recorded the
highest number of rows per ear (13.83 row/ear). Soil solarization for 45 days
before sowing and applying organic manures at the rate of 20 ton.ha-1
encouraged the traits of plant height, leaf area index, number of rows and
grains per ear, 100-kernel weight which was reflected on grain yield. Therefore
we can grow variety Ghouta 82 or hybrid Basel 2 to get higher yield of maize.
Six population seeds of three yellow maize hybrids were formed at Agricultural Research Center, Homs, during 2008 and 2009 growing seasons. Their plants were evaluated in 2010. The present work aims to determine the genetic parameters in six populati
ons (P1, P2, F1, F2, BC1, and BC2). Mean square results showed significant differences among mean values for all traits in all crosses. Significant heterosis values were positive and relative comparing to mid and better parent for most traits. The potence ratios exceeded (+1) in all traits and crosses except ear height, indicating thus over-dominance. In breeding, depression values were significant in most traits for Cross-1, while their values were non- significant in all traits for Cross-2 except plant height, and also in Cross-3 except plant height and grain yield per plant. In most traits epestasis or dominance gene action occupied the first rank in the genetic effects in order of importance to cross, with the exception of number of rows per ear, number of kernels per row and grain yield per plant where additive gene action occupied the first rank for Cross-2 and Cross-1 respectively. Therefore, it could be suggested that selection for most studied traits in the subsequent generations will be relatively more effective than in the early generations.
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